π
ππ»πΉπ·ππ»πΉπ·Μ1the upper corners of the two tent-skins which can be shifted, raised, or lowered, at will, to suit the occupants of the lodge, when there is a rain or wind that causes smoke to be blown back through the smoke-holeππ»
ππ»πΉπ· π°πΌπ°π΄π»Νππ»πΉπ·Μ π°ΜπΌπ°π΄π»Ν1to close the tsihe or smoke flaps on a tipiππ»πΉπ· π°πΌπ°πππ»Νππ»πΉπ·π°-πΌπ°-This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.
ππ»πΉπ· π°ππ»ππ°Νππ»πΉπ·Μ π°Μππ»ππ°Ν1close the upper corners of the tent-skins, to keep the rain from coming down the smoke-holeππ»πΉπ·π°ππ»ππ°ΝThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.
ππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»π½π°ππ·1Chickasaw2Chickasawsπ°ππ°ππ°π²ππ°πππΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°ππππ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππΝππ°ππ»Νππ°ππ»ππ°πΉπ°ππ°ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπππ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νππ°π°πΌπ·ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»ππππ°πΉπππ°πΉπ°ππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°ππ°πππΉπΏπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°ππ»ππ»ππ°
ππ»πΌπππ»ΜπΌπ1grandfather2grandfather (my)3father-in-law4father-in-law (my)5great-grandfather (paternal)6great uncle (mother's father's brother)7uncle-in-law (wife's maternal uncle)*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νπ'π°πΌπ·π'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°πππππ°Quintero notes about this the use of this base form by itself is a "shortened form, used informally or as an endearment." She also notes, "The term <ππ»πΌπ> is applied to a father's father, to his father, to a mother's father, to his brother, to a father-in-law, and to a wife's maternal uncle. It is also used as a term of reverence for God and for natural objects, such as the sun, the morning star, the dipper, Orion's belt, the pole star, and living objects whose mysterious habits inspire in the Osage mind a feeling of reverence for the Creator."As a general rule, kinship terms in Osage must have a prefix to express my, your, or his/her. This particular case is a rare exception where this base form can be used to address an individual (vocative).Quintero notes in Osage Grammar (2004), page 481 that, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else."
ππ»πΏπ·ππ»ΜπΏπ·1liveintransitive verb2resideintransitive verb3make a homeintransitive verb4set up a householdintransitive verb5set up housekeepingintransitive verb6housenoun7homenoun8householdnoun9familynounππ»For this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is often because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
ππ»πΏπ·ππ»ΜπΏπ·1denoting sudden actionππ»πΌππ·ππ»ππ·This term is used after verbs.
*ππ»ππ»ππ»Μππ»1aunt (father's sister)*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ»πΌππππππ°This kinship term is incomplete. It must have a possessive prefix added to express my, your, or his/her.
*ππ»ππ»ππ»Μππ»1daughter-in-law (son's wife)*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ»πΌππππππ°This kinship term is incomplete. It must have a possessive prefix added to express my, your, or his/her.
*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»πΜππ°ΝπΌπ·1niece (brother's daughter, of a female)*ππππ°ΝπΌπ·*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ»πΌππππππ°This kinship term is incomplete. It must have a possessive prefix added to express my, your, or his/her.
ππ»ππππ»π
πΜ1Ojibwe2Chippewaππ»πππ°ππ°ππ°π²ππ°πππΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°ππππ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππΝππ°ππ»Νππ°ππ»ππ°πΉπ°ππ°ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπππ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νππ°π°πΌπ·ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ°πΉπππ°πΉπ°ππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°ππ°πππΉπΏπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°ππ»ππ»ππ°Dorsey's exact definition for this term is "the Wadjibwe, Ojibways, or Chippewas."
π'π»Νππ°π'π»Μππ°1crooked2curved3bent over (as a person, a tree, or a hooked staff)4bent a little, as the horns of a cow5cramped
ππ»ππ°ππ»Μππ°1inside, in (motion into rather than position within, as in 'come in, come inside')into houseππ»ππ°
*ππ»Νππππ»ΜΝππ1brother (older, of a female)*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ»πΌππππππ°This kinship term is incomplete. It must have a possessive prefix added to express my, your, or his/her.
ππ»πππ°Νππ»Μπππ°Ν1from the standing inanimate object, or collection of objectsππ» ππ»πππ°Νfrom the lodge or house2fromππ·πππ°Ν
ππ»ππ·ππ»Μππ·1drumbeat2beat of a drum3beating or thumping sound (e.g., footsteps)ππ»ππ»
ππ»ππ»ππ·ππ»ππ»Μππ·1sound word - frequent cracking or crackling sounds2frequent crackling sounds, as of boughs or twigs in breakingππ»ππ·This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."
ππ»ππ·ππ»Μππ·1used after another verb to mark sudden action2begin, commence, or start suddenly (as one person)3come forth, as an infant at birthππ»πΏπ·
ππ»ππ°ππππ»Μππ°ππ1headrightthey put in the houseππ»ππ°-π°ππ
π'π»Νππ°π'π»ΜΝππ°1crooked, bent over (referring to a human body)π'π»Νππ·
ππ»ππ·ππ»ππ·Μ1sound word - cracking or crackling sound2crackling sound, as when a bough or twig is brokenπΌππΌπ·ππππΌπ·ππππ·
ππ»ππ·ππ·ππ»ππ·Μππ·1door2doorway3doorway, threshold (formal, used especially for "God's doorway" at funerals)4entrance to a lodgeππ»ππ·ππ»
ππ»ππ·ππ· π°πΌπ»ππ°ππ»Μππ·ππ· π°Μπ½π»ππ°1porterdoorway soldierππ»ππ·ππ·π°πΌπ»ππ°
*ππ»ππππ»Μππ1cousin (father's sister's daughter)2niece (sister's daughter, of a male)*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ»πΌππππππ°This kinship term is incomplete. It must have a possessive prefix added to express my, your, or his/her.
*ππππΌπ°ππΜππΌπ°1nephew (wife's brother's son)2nephew (sister's son, of a male)3nephew (brother's son, of a female)4cousin (father's sister's son)5grandchild*ππππΌπ°Ν*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ»πΌππππππ°This kinship term is incomplete. It must have a possessive prefix added to express my, your, or his/her.
πππππ°πππππ°Μ1grandchild (my)2grandchild (your)3pal, friend, buddy*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°Ν*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ»πΌπQuintero notes (Osage Grammar, page 484), "πππππ°, a shortened form of ππ»πππππ°, ππ»πππππ°, is also used for 'my/your grandchild.' In addition to its original meaning, it is used to mean 'pal, friend, buddy.'"
πππππ° ππ»ππ°πππππ°Μ ππ»Μππ°1friend (my)2pal (my)πππππ°ππ»ππ°π»πΌπππ°
ππππ1copulate2copulate with3have intercourse withπ΅ππππ·π°ππ»Νπ°ππ°Ν
πππΌ'π°ππΜπΌ'π°1decayedadjective2rottenadjective3putrefiedadjective4putrefactionππ»πΌ'π°πΉπΏπ»ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·
πππΌπ·ππΜπΌπ·1spoon2shovel3abalone shellπππΌπ°ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 63) that "Osage spoons were originally clamshells from creeks, used only for scraping corn, with little ones for children, larger ones for adults; this term is now used for spoons of other materials such as metal, plastic, or wood."
ππππ°ππ»ππΜππ°ππ»1unripe2green (e.g., unripe fruit)3raw4uncooked5undercookedππππ·π°ππ»
ππππ·ππΜππ·1done (e.g., in cooking)adjective2cookedadjective3bakedadjective4ripeadjectiveπ½π°ΜΝππ· ππΜππ· π°ππ° ππΜππ°ππ·the plum is ripethe plums are ripe5mellowadjective6mature (e.g., fruit and grain)adjective7cook well donetransitive verbππ°Μ ππΜππ· πΌπ°Μππ°cook the meat well done8ripe, as fruittransitive verb9blistered by heattransitive verbππππ°Ν
ππππ°ππΜππ°ππΜππ°1ragged2torn3ripped4worn out5worn6insufficient (said of clothing)7worn in small holes, as clothing