π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚

noun
Definition
π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“‹π’»Μπ’Όπ“‚noun1grandfather2grandfather (my)3father-in-law4father-in-law (my)5great-grandfather (paternal)6great uncle (mother's father's brother)7uncle-in-law (wife's maternal uncle)*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜*𐒼𐓂*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»*π“Šπ’»π“π’»*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°*π“π’°π“Šπ’·*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°Ν˜*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°Quintero notes about this the use of this base form by itself is a "shortened form, used informally or as an endearment." She also notes, "The term <π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚> is applied to a father's father, to his father, to a mother's father, to his brother, to a father-in-law, and to a wife's maternal uncle. It is also used as a term of reverence for God and for natural objects, such as the sun, the morning star, the dipper, Orion's belt, the pole star, and living objects whose mysterious habits inspire in the Osage mind a feeling of reverence for the Creator."As a general rule, kinship terms in Osage must have a prefix to express my, your, or his/her. This particular case is a rare exception where this base form can be used to address an individual (vocative).Quintero notes in Osage Grammar (2004), page 481 that, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else."