Osage to English Dictionary
π°
π° πΌπ°Ν ππ°ΝπΌπ°AH kahβΏ TAHβΏ-kah1muscle of the arm or forelegunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπ°Ν ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ°ΝπΌπ°
π°πΉπ»ah-HEE1reach there, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ°πΉπ2π°πΌππ»π°πΎππ°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·π°πΏπ»π°ππ»2π°ππ·
π°πΉπ2ah-HOOah-HΓ1be coming to this place, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ°πΉπ»π°πΌππ»π°πΎππ°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·π°πΏπ»π°ππ»2π°ππ·
π°πΉπ ππ°Νππ»ΝAH-hoo MAHβΏ-theeβΏ1turkey cockunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΉπ1ππ°Νππ»Ν
π°πΉππ°πΏπ»ΝAH-hoo-AH-leeβΏ1angelwings uponunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΉπ1π°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Ν
π°πΌπ°πΉπ°ππ»ΝAH-gah-hah-meeβΏunspec. var.π°πΌπ°πΉπ°ππ»1coat2capeunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπ°πΉπ°ππ»Ν3
π°πΌπ°πΉπ°ππ°AH-gah-hah-tah1outside of a certain area2on the outside3on the outskirts of4in the surroundings of5on the other side (of a perimeter)6afterward7after the present event8in the future9hereafter10off the record11outside of the main events or activity and in secret12isolated from13socially distant fromunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπ°πΉπ°ππ°4
π°πΌπ°πππ·2AH-gah-speh1put over2put upon3cover (as with cloth or blanket)4cover with dirt (as a grave)5cover over6cover upunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
π°ΝπΌπ°πππ°ΝAHβΏ-kah-txahβΏ1we who2we who standunspec. comp. form ofπ°Ν-3πππ°Ν
π°πΌπ»π°ππ°Νππ»AH-kee-ah-sahβΏ-dsee1put each other to a testunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2π°ππ°Νππ»
π°πΌπ»π·AH-kee-eh1talk for or against2talk up or talk down, as when expressing one's emotions with respect to some topic3take up for4argue on behalf of5take someone's side (as an attorney at law argues on behalf of a client)unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2
π°πΌπ»πΌπ»π·AH-kee-kee-eh1contend with or compete with one another2compete withunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2π°πΌπ»π·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2
π°πΌπ»πΏπ»Νah-KEE-leeβΏ1have for oneself2have as one's ownQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 10) that this term is "sometimes used with suus semantics."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2π°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Ν
π°πΌπ»πππAH-gee-sdohah-GEE-sdoh1trial2hearing3legal proceedingunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
π°πΌπ»ππ°AH-kee-dah1law enforcement2police3army4armed forces5soldier6armed preson7officer8grenadier
π°πΌπ»ππ° ππ°Νππ»ΝAH-kee-dah NAHβΏ-zheeβΏ1soldierunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°Νππ»Ν
π°πΌπ»ππΝππ·1AH-gee-dohβΏ-beh1watch over, look after, look at (one's own things or people)transitive verb2watch over, look after, look at one's ownintransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΝππ·
π°πΌπ»ππΝππ·2AH-kee-dohβΏ-beh1watch over oneself2watch oneself3look at oneself4look after oneself5watch over each other6watch over things for oneself7watch over one's own thingsQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 10) that this term is "sometimes used as transitive with suus semantics."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2π°ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΝππ·
π°πΌπ»ππΝππ·3AH-gee-dohβΏ-beh1watch over, tend (someone who is not a family member or not close)unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1π°ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΝππ·
π°πΌπ»ππ·AH-gee-xeh1move aroundtransitive verb2be all aroundtransitive verb3encircle a place or a person (especially in an annoying way)transitive verb4be around, especially in a bothersome wayintransitive verb5pass byverb6circle around (as in a tipi meeting: 'go clear around', avoiding the center)verb7go table hoppingintransitive verb8table hopintransitive verb9hang aroundintransitive verb10be around closeintransitive verb11be arrayed around, as when making a path aroundintransitive verb12skirting the edge (such as cows around a pond)intransitive verb13around (e.g., the edge of a pond)14skirting the edge of something
π°πΌπΝAH-kohβΏ1armbandcfπ°ππ»ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπΝunspec. var. ofπΌπ°Ν
π°ΝπΌπ π°ΝπΌπ°πππ°ΝahβΏ-KOH AHβΏ-kah-txahβΏarch. var.π°ΝπΌπ π°ΝπΌπ°πππ°Ν1we who standunspec. comp. form ofπ°ΝπΌπ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°Ν-3πππ°Ν
π°ΝπΌπ ππΌπ»ππ°ΝAHβΏ-koh SHGEE-dahβΏarch. var.π°ΝπΌπ ππΌπ»ππ°Ν1we too, or for our partMalecfπ°ΝπΌπππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»
π°πΌπΝπΏπ·AH-kohβΏ-lehunspec. var.π°πΌπΝπΏπ°1braceletunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπΝ
π°ΝπΌπππ°ahβΏ-KOH-dah1we (emphatic)2us (emphatic)cfπ°ΝπΌππ·π·2ππ»π·ππ»π·
π°ΝπΌπππ»ππ°ΝAHβΏ-koh-ZHEE-dahβΏarch. var.π°ΝπΌπππ»ππ°Ν1we too, or for our partFemalecfπ°ΝπΌπ ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ°Ν
π°πΌππ»ah-KSHEE1reach there again2reach there, his homecfπ°πΉπ»π°πΉπ2π°πΎππ°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·π°πΏπ»π°ππ»2π°ππ·
π°πΌππ°1ah-KXAH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular or plural nonmoving subject that is present with speaker2he/she/it is characterized by, they are characterized by [the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase]cfπ°ππ°1
π°πΌππ°2ah-KXAH1subject marker (follows a subject [singular or plural] that is not moving, including dead nonhuman animates [apa is used for dead humans] and is present with speaker or is an abstract entity)2generic noun subject marker3the singular or collective subject of an action, which is performed of his or her own accord, and not by request or permission of anothercfπ°ππ°2
π°πΎπah-KYOO1be coming home, or back to this place, not his homecfπ°πΉπ»π°πΉπ2π°πΌππ»π°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·π°πΏπ»π°ππ»2π°ππ·
π°πΏπ°ΝAH-lahβΏarch. var.π°πΌππ°Ν1place vertically against2place on3put on4place a curvilinear object, garment, book, etc., on something elsecfπ°πΏπ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-ππΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπ-unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
π°πΏπ·1AH-leharch. var.π°πΌππ·1place an item upright on another item2set on (e.g., set a kettle on a fire)3place on top of another in an upright position4place a standing inanimate object or a collection of objects on top of something elsecfπ°πΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-ππΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπ-unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
π°πΏπ·2ah-LEHarch. var.πΌππ·1start homeward from this place2go homewardDorsey notes that this is a possessive of the.For motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ°πΉπ»π°πΉπ2π°πΌππ»π°πΎππ°πΏπ»π°ππ»2π°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·
π°πΏπ»ah-LEEarch. var.πΌππ»1to have come back or homeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ°πΉπ»π°πΉπ2π°πΌππ»π°πΎππ°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·π°ππ»2π°ππ·
π°πΏπ»ΝAH-leeβΏ1sit ontransitive verb2sit upontransitive verb3ride ontransitive verb4chairnoun5seatnoun6upon (used in numbers)This term is used as a connector to express numbers 11 through 19.cfπ·ππ»1πΌπ°ππΝππΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Ν
π°πΏπ»Νπππ·AH-leeβΏ-sdseh1sofa2couch3divan4chaise loungelong chairunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Νπππ·cont. var. ofπππ·ππ·
π°πΏπ»Νππ·ππ·AH-leeβΏ-tseh-theh1wheelchairunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Νππ·ππ·1
π°ππ°ΝπΌ'πΝAH-nahβΏ-k'ohβΏ1listen to2listen3heedunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ°ΝπΌ'πΝ
π°ππ°ΝπΌππΌπ·AH-nahβΏ-KOH-geharch. var.π°ππ°ΝπΌππΌπ·1porchthud upon by action of the feetunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ°Ν-πΌππΌπ·
π°ππ°1ah-BAH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular or plural moving or absent subject2he/she/it is characterized by, they are characterized by (the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase)cfπ°πΌππ°1
π°ππ°2ah-BAH1subject marker (follows a subject [singular or plural that is moving or is not present with speaker); used for respect with deceased persons even if present (akxa is used with animals)2the sign of the plural subject of an action performed of their own accord, and not by request or permission of another3the one moving subjectcfπ°πΌππ°2
π°ππ»ππΏπ°ΝAH-bee-oh-lahβΏ1armbandcfπ°πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌπΝ
π°ππππ·AH-boo-xeh1boil, as food boils when cooking2foam upThis term refers to something boiling (i.e., "the water is boiling"), not the act of boiling something (i.e., I am boiling it.").
π°ππ»ΝπΌπ°ah-SEEβΏ-kahunspec. var.π°ππ»ΝπΌπ°1daughter (third) (my)2daughter (third) (your)3daughter (third) (his/her)4daughter (third)cfπ°ππ»ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ»πΌπ·ππ°πΌ'πππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°πΌ'πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°Ν2ππ»πΉπ·
π°ππ»ππ°ah-SEE-pahunspec. var.π°ππ»ππ±1sister (baby) (my)2daughter (baby) (my)3daughter (baby) (your)4daughter (baby) (his/her)FemaleQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 18) that this term "Does not use the inalienable possessive prefixes." By that she means the i-, thi-, and wi- prefixes.cfπ°ππ»ππ° π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»ππ°π»ππ°1π°ππ»ππ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ°
π°ππ»ππ° π»ππ°ah-SEE-pah EE-tahunspec. var.π°ππ»ππ± π»ππ°1sister (baby) (his/her)2daughter (baby) (his/her)Femalecfπ°ππ»ππ°π°ππ»ππ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»ππ°π»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
π°ππ»ππ° ππ»ππ°ah-SEE-pah THEE-tahunspec. var.π°ππ»ππ± ππ»ππ°1sister (baby) (your)2daughter (baby) (your)Femalecfπ°ππ»ππ°π°ππ»ππ° π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»ππ°π»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
π°ππ»ππ»Νah-SEE-zheeβΏ1daughter (fourth and beyond) (my)2daughter (fourth and beyond) (your)3daughter (fourth and beyond) (his/her)4daughter (fourth and sebsequent daughters)cfπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'πππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°πΌ'πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°Ν2ππ»πΉπ·
π°ππ°πΌπ°ΝAH-dah-kahβΏunspec. var.π°ππ°πΌπ²1lamp2lightunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
π°ππ°πΌπ°Ν ππ·πΏπ» ππ»ππ»AH-dah-kahβΏ WEH-lee NEE-nee1oil welllamp + oil + spring, wellunspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ°πΌπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ·πΏπ»ππ»ππ»2unspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ»ππ»1
π°ππΝππ·AH-dohβΏ-beh1watch over2watch, tend, take care of (e.g., some entity, such as a baby or a purse, or some process, such as cookingunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΝππ·
π°πππ°ΝAH-txahβΏunspec. var.π°πΌππ°Ν1tread on2tread on it3bring down the foot on paper, etc., to keep it from being blown awayunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
π°ππ»2ah-TSEE1to have come to this place, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ°πΉπ»π°πΉπ2π°πΌππ»π°πΎππ°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·π°πΏπ»π°ππ·
π°ππ·ah-THEH1goQuintero notes on page 5 of her dictionary, "This verb is rarely used in imperatives (maβΏthiβΏ is preferred)."For motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ°πΉπ»π°πΉπ2π°πΌππ»π°πΎππ°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·π°πΏπ»π°ππ»2
π°ππ»Νπ°ππ°Νah-THEEβΏ-AH-zhahβΏ1copulate with2lay3have intercourse withcfππunspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»Ν1π°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ°Ν1
π°ππ»ππ°ΝAH-thee-dahβΏ1close by pulling2pull to3shutunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ»ππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3
π°πππππ°πΌπ·AH-thΓΌ-sdah-geh1bind or bandage, as a limbunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ-
π°ππππ·AH-thoo-xehunspec. var.π°ππ»ππ·1marry, get married to, take as a husband (gender-specific term)unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ-
π°ππ°ππΝπ΄π·AH-wah-nohβΏ-breh1tableunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ°ππΝπ΄π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΝπ΄π·
π°ππ°ΝAH-zhahβΏ1lie downintransitive verb2bednouncfπππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ°Ν1
π°ππ»ah-ZHEEunspec. var.ππ»11not (negative, negator)If this term follows a word ending in -e, this term's beginning letter a- usually replaces the -e and merges with the previous term.
π²
π²ππ°ππah-EEβΏ-bah-xoh1copperhead2Arapahoover the mountaincfπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1
π΄
π΄π°ΝbrahβΏunspec. var.π΄π°1arch. var.πππ°Ν1smellintransitive verbThe idea of smell here refers to giving off a smell/odor, not the act of smelling something.2emanate an odorintransitive verb3give off a fragranceintransitive verb4emit or exhale an odorintransitive verb5smellnoun6odornoun7scentnoun
π΄π°π΄π°ππ·brah-BRAH-dseharch. var.πππ°πππ°ππ·1straight, as the hypotenuse of an inclined plane, or the side of a hill2sloping, as a hill
π΄π°π΄π°ππ·BRAH-brah-zeharch. var.πππ°πππ°ππ·1torn in several places2chapped, as the hands, face, etc.This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ΄π°ππ·
π΄π°πΌ'π°BRAH-k'aharch. var.πππ°πΌ'π°1flat2flat, as a chair bottom, the broad surface of a board, etc.3flat boardcfπ΄π°ππΌπ°π΄π°ππΌπ°π΄π°ππ°π΄πππΌπ°
π΄π°ππΌπ°BRAH-sgaharch. var.πππ°ππΌπ°1flat2level3straight, as a line on a stove-pipe, or other long cylindrical body4rounded and longcfπ΄π°πΌ'π°π΄π°ππΌπ°π΄π°ππ°π΄πππΌπ°
π΄π°ππΌπ°BRAH-shgaharch. var.πππ°ππΌπ°1having a flat surface in the middle, with the edges rounded and curving downward, as a door knob, or the top of a hat (convex objects)cfπ΄π°πΌ'π°π΄π°ππΌπ°π΄π°ππ°π΄πππΌπ°
π΄π°ππ°BRAH-thahunspec. var.π΄π°ππ·arch. var.πππ°ππ°1broad2wide3wide and smooth, as a prairie4smoothed out (e.g., icing on a cake, a fabric or tablecloth lying flat on a surface, but not a blanket on a bed or pallet)5having a flat surface in the middle, with the edges rounded and curving upward, as in a plate or other concave objectscfπ΄π°πΌ'π°π΄π°ππΌπ°π΄π°ππΌπ°π΄πππΌπ°
π΄π°ππ·BRAH-xeharch. var.πππ°ππ·1edgenoun2edging (e.g., a fabric or ribbon sewn around the edges of a blanket or garment)noun3straight or flat, as the top or edge of a box's side, the narrow edge of a plank, etc.adjective
π΄π·ππ°Νππ°breh-ZAHβΏ-thahunspec. var.π΄π·ππ°ππ°Νarch. var.πππ·ππ°ππ°Νπππ·ππ°Νππ°1drooping, languid, as one who has not recovered his strength after sickness2as applied to vegetation, it means withered and fallen over, past recovery
π΄π»Ν1breeβΏunspec. var.π°ππ»Νπ΄π»Νπ·1I am2I was3I am characterized by (e.g., I have a certain condition)4I am present5I was presentcfππ»Ν2unspec. comp. form ofπ΄-ππ»Ν1
π΄π»Ν2breeβΏarch. var.πππ»Ν1scatter right and left, as wet wheat or corn, by pushing with a shovel or pitchfork: this is done to dry it
π΄ππΌπ°BROH-gaharch. var.ππππΌπ°1in bulk (e.g., a purchase of fruit, coffee, or kerosene)2wholesale3in large quantities4overall5undivided6by the yard (fabrics)7in large pieces, not merely pieces of some item but the entire item (cooking)8it its entirety9fully10whole11entire12complete13dollarnoun14round, as a pencil, stove pipe, etc.adjective15cylindrical, but not necessarily perpendicularadjective
π΄πππΌπ°BROO-sgah1flat, wadded upcfπ΄π°πΌ'π°π΄π°ππΌπ°π΄π°ππΌπ°π΄π°ππ°
π΅
π΅π°ππ°CHAH-pah1short2rounded and somewhat squat3short and smallQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of dapa.cfππ°ππ°ππ°ππ°
π΅π°ππ°ππ»ΝCHAH-pah-zheeβΏ1short and smallunspec. comp. form ofπ΅π°ππ°ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
π΅π·ππ·CHEH-zheh1pee-peeQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of dsezhe.cfππ·ππ·
π΅πππ°CHOH-bah1fewadjective2littleadjectiveThe idea of little here refers to a small amount, such as "a little coffee."3fewnoun4a small amount or numbernoun5a little bitnounQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of doba.
π΅πππ° π·πΌπΝ πΌπ°ππ·CHOH-bah EH-gohβΏ GAH-xehunspec. var.π΅πππ° πΌπ°ππ·1lessen2reduce3decreasemake small-likeThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ΅πππ°π·πΌπΝπΌπ°ππ·1
π΅πππ°ππ»ΝCHOH-bah-zheeβΏ1a very small amountnoun2very littleadjective3a fewadjectiveQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of choba.unspec. comp. form ofπ΅πππ°ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
π·
π·2eh13rd person emphatic or contrastive pronoun (that one, that person, she/her, he/him; those persons, them; this [pragmatically obvious] person or thing; the foregoing; she herself, he himself, they themselves)2he, she, it3thatcfπ°ΝπΌπππ°ππ»π·ππ»π·
π·πΌπΝEH-gohβΏunspec. var.π·πΌπ°Νarch. var.π·πΌπΝ1likeadverb2similar toadverb3like thatadverb4likewiseadverb5similarlyadverb6soadverb7be soverb8be so or likeverb9somewhatverbπΏπ°Νππ· π·πΌπΝsomewhat broad10a littleverb11resembleverbcfπΉπ°πΌπΝ
π·πΌπΝ ππΌπ°EH-gohβΏ sgah1I guess that's rightunspec. comp. form ofπ·πΌπΝππΌπ°2
π·πΌπΝ ππ°ππ·EH-gohβΏ thah-DSEH1say something right or correctlyThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ·πΌπΝππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
π·ππ°eh-NAHEH-nah1be the only (one)intransitive verb2therefore3that's why4that only5enoughadjective
π·ππΌπ»ππ°Νeh-SHGEE-dahβΏ1he, she, it, or that too2he, for his partMalecfππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»3ππΌπ»ππ°Νππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ·2ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»
π·ππ°ππ°EH-dah-nahunspec. var.π·ππ°ππ°Νπ·ππ°Νππ°Ν1that is why2therefore3thus4so
π·ππ»1EH-dsee1and (in numbers only)2pluscfπ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»ΝπΌπ°ππΝ
π·ππ»2eh-DSEEEH-dsee1be present here/thereintransitive verb2exist here/thereintransitive verb3be at that timeintransitive verb4thereadverbππ»ππππ» π·ππ» ππ°ππ°ππ»Ν ππ°πππ°Νππ·Were you standing there yesterday?5in that placeadverb
πΉ
πΉπ°1hah1skin of any animal2bark of a tree3shell of nuts4cuticle5hide6rawhide7skin8skin of an animal9rind10fabric11cloth12barkcfπππΉπ°
πΉπ°2hah1through (direction)2along a path3in a direction4by way of5from6in different ways or places7so many in each place
πΉπ° πππΌπ°HAH shoh-GAHHAH SHOH-gah1thick skin2exoskeletonunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°1πππΌπ°
πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°HAHβΏ-kah1sacredadjective2holyadjective3bald eaglenoun4dark-plummed eaglenoun5earth division (of the Osage tribe)noun6innocence emblem in peace ceremony (a child)noun
πΉπ°ΝπΌπ° πΏπ·ππ·HAHβΏ-kah LEH-zheh1golden eagle when young2spotted eaglecfππ»ππππ»ππ°2arch. var. ofππππ°1ππππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ΝπΌπ°πΏπ·ππ·
πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»HAHβΏ-kah-zheearch. var.π°ΝπΌπ°ππ»1no2not so with reference to him
πΉπ°πΌπΝhah-GOHβΏHAH-gohβΏ1how much2whatever3how4which way5be how6what7what is wrong with8in what manner?9why?10wherefore?cfπ·πΌπΝ
πΉπ°ππ°Νππ»HAH-mahβΏ-see1spade, spades (suit in a deck of cards)cfππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ°πΉπ»1ππ· ππ°πΉπ°π'π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·π°ππ»ππ°Νππ·2
πΉπ°ππ°HAH-bah1corn2fresh corncfπΉπ°ππ° ππ°π'π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ°ππ°πβπ·πΌπ·
πΉπ°Νππ° π»ππ°ππ·HAHβΏ-bah ee-TAH-xehunspec. var.πΉπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·1the tip or beginning of dayunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°Νππ°π»ππ°ππ·
πΉπ°ππ° πππΌπ°HAH-bah thΓΌ-GAH1husk cornThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ°πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πΉπ°ππ° ππ°π'π·πΌπ°HAH-bah wah-ts'EH-gah1fresh corngentle corncfπΉπ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ°ππ°πβπ·πΌπ·
πΉπ°Νππ°ππ°ΝHAHβΏ-bah-dahβΏ1during the day2dailyunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°Νππ°ππ°Ν1
πΉπ°ππΌπ°hah-SGAHunspec. var.πΉπ°ππΌπ°1shirt2dress3buckskin dress4clothes5clothing6fabric7cloth8material
πΉπ°ππ»Νππ·HAH-sheeβΏ-theh1inside outadjective2inside outadverbcfπππΉπ°ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πΉπ°πππ°πΉπ°hah-SHDAH-hah1broadclothunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°1πππ°πΉπ°
πΉπ°πππ°ΝHAH-txahβΏhah-TXAHβΏunspec. var.πΉπ°πΌππ°ΝπΉπ°ππΌππ°Ν1how far2what distance3for how long?
πΉπ°πππ°Νππ°hah-TXAHβΏ-dahHAH-txahβΏ-dahunspec. var.πΉπ°πΌππ°Νππ°πΉπ°πΌππΝππ°πΉπ°ππΌππ°Νππ°1when in the future2what time in the futurecfπΉπ°πππ°Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°πππ°Ν
πΉπ°πππ°Νππ»hah-TXAHβΏ-dseeHAH-txahβΏ-dseeunspec. var.πΉπ°πΌππ°Νππ»πΉπ°ππΌππ°Νππ»1when in the past2at what time in the pastcfπΉπ°πππ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°πππ°Ν
πΉπ°ππ»HAH-tsee1all the time2every time3continually4repeatedly5alwayscfππ°Ν3πππ°Ν
πΉπ°ππ»Νhah-XEEβΏ1blanket (bed blanket or Pendleton-type wool blanket for wearing)cfππ»Ν3πππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ»Ν3ππ°Ν1
πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·hah-XEEβΏ-LEH-zheh-GAH-xeh1Navajo (tribe or tribal member)one who makes spotted/speckled/stippled [lezhe] blanketscfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1
πΉπ°ππHAH-zoo1purpleadjective2grapenoun3grapes, of any kindnouncfππππ· ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ°ππ·
πΉπ²ππ»ΝHAHβΏ-eeβΏ-neeβΏunspec. var.πΉπ°Νππ»πΉπ°Νππ»ΝπΉπ²ππ»1dark2darkness
πΉπ·πΉπ°πΉπ°heh-HAH-hahunspec. var.πΉπ·πΉπ°πΉπ±1breathe hard2pantcfπΉπ·πΉπ·
πΉπ·πΌπ°HEH-gah1buzzard2hawkcfπΏπ·ππΝπππΌπ° πππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πππ»ΝπΌπ·ππ°ππ»Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°Ν2
πΉπ·πππ·HEH-oh-dsehunspec. var.πΉπ»πππ·1monkeylooks for liceunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ·2πππ·
πΉπ·ππ·HEH-beh1a small amountadjective2approximately half a containeradjective3piecenoun4partnoun5somenoun6a bitnoun
πΉπ·ππ·ππ»ΝHEH-beh-zheeβΏ1a little piecenoun2a small amountnoun3a little bit (used with both count nouns and mass nouns)noun4a littleadverbunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ·ππ·ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
πΉπ·ππΝππ°HEH-thohβΏ-bah1braids2ponytails (two sections of hair, one gathered from left and one from right side of the head, bound close to the scalp, and hanging loosely)two hornsunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ·1ππΝππ°
πΉπ·πππ°HEH-xpah1bushy headnoun2frowzyadjective3unkemptadjective4fuzzyadjective5disheveled (e.g., having mussed or messed-up hair)adjective
πΉπ»Ν1heeβΏ1isn't it so (expression inserted between phrases, marking pauses, in certain speeches of early to mid-1900s, somewhat like French "n'est-ce pas?" or use of "you know?" by some English speakers
πΉπ»Ν2heeβΏunspec. var.πΉπ»3πΉπ»'π»ΝπΉπ21hair2whiskers3fur4fuzz as on a peach5slivers or small strips of anything6feathers
πΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ·hee OH-gah-shah-geharch. var.πΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ·1whatever gets between the teeth, as particles of food2anything which gets between the teeth, as particles of foodunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ»1
πΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ· π»ππ°πΌπππ·hee OH-gah-shah-geh EE-bah-goh-dseharch. var.πΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ· π»ππ°πΌπππ·1toothpickunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ»1π»-1ππ°πΌπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
πΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ· ππ°πΌπππ·hee OH-gah-shah-geh bah-GOH-dseharch. var.πΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ· ππ°πΌπππ·1pick the teethThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ» ππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ»1ππ°πΌπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
πΉπ»Ν ππππ·HEEβΏ ZHOO-dsehHEEβΏ ZHΓ-dseh1female of the larger variety of the wild turkeyred featherscfπππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ»Ν2ππππ·
πΉπ»ΝππΌπ° πΌπ°ππ·HEEβΏ-skah GAH-xeh1do beadworktransitive verb2beadworknounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ»ΝππΌπ°πΌπ°ππ·1
πΉπ»Νππ°heeβΏ-SHAH1Caddo (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
πΉπ»Νπππ·HEEβΏ-shdsehunspec. var.πΉπ»Νππ΅π·πΉπ»Νππ΅π·ππ·πΉπ»Νπππ·ππ·1fuzzy
πΉπ»Νππ· πΉπHEEβΏ-dseh hoo1pawpaw (the plant, not the fruit)Asimina trilobaunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1
πΉπΏπ° ππ»ππ·hlah ZEE-beharch. var.πππ° ππ»ππ·πππ° ππ»ππ»1Augustmonth of yellow flowersThis month is the first month of autumn.cfππ° πΉπ· ππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΉπ·1ππ°ππΝ-ππ·ππ° πΌπ»ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΌπ»πΌ-2ππππ·1-ππ·ππ° πππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πππππ·-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπΏπ°ππ»-ππ·unspec. comp. form of-π°ππ»ππ·3
πΉπΏπ°ππΌπ°HLAH-sgahhlah-SGAHunspec. var.πΏπ°ππΌπ°πππ°ππΌπ°1flowerunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΏπ°ππΌπ°1
πΉπΝπ΄π·HOHβΏ-breh1dreamintransitive verb2have a dreamintransitive verb3dreamnoun4dreamingnoun
πΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ·hohβΏ-BREEβΏ-keh1beans2green beanscfπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ·πππΉππΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπ ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπππ»Ν
πΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπhohβΏ-BREEβΏ-keh TOH-hohunspec. var.πΉπΝπ΄π»Ν πππΉπ1green beanscfπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ·πΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπ ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ·πππΉπ
πΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπ ππ»ΝhohβΏ-BREEβΏ-keh TOH-hoh zheeβΏ1peas2green beanscfπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ·πΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ·πππΉπunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ· πππΉπunspec. comp. form ofπΉπΝπ΄π»ΝπΌπ·πππΉπππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
πΉπππ»HOH-neeunspec. var.πΉπΝππ»1almost2nearlyQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 72) that this term "can be used to express 'fail to.'"cfππππΉπ°-ππ°ππ»1
πΉπππ°ΝHOH-tahβΏarch. var.πΉπππ°Ν1yell2holler3shout4cry out5sing or sound out6make a loud sound7roar8bellow9make animal sounds (e.g., sing like a bird, moo, bark, howl)loud voice
πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°HOH-tahβΏ-kah1Winnebago (Hochunk) (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°
πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ° π»π·HOH-tahβΏ-kah EE-eh1Winnebago languageunspec. comp. form ofπΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°π»π·
πΉπ1hΓΌhoounspec. var.πΉπ»21trunk2stock or trunk, as of a tree3stalk4tree, when used after the name of the fruit or wood5bush, when used after the name of bush grown fruit6leg7leg (e.g., of spider)8legsThis term is often used to express "tree" when paired with a term describing a type of tree. For example, xoβΏdse (cedar) and xoβΏdsehu (cedar tree).
πΉππΉπ·πΌπ° ππΌπ°ππ°ΝHOO-heh-gah oh-GAH-shahβΏ1nurse or care for the sicktransitive verb2nursenounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΉππΉπ·πΌπ°ππΌπ°ππ°Ν2
πΉππΉπ·πΌπ°ππ»HOO-heh-gah-tsee1hospitalsickness houseunspec. comp. form ofπΉππΉπ·πΌπ°ππ»1
πΉππΌπ°HOO-kahunspec. var.πΉππΌπ·1hook something (e.g., clothing or a tree, by using a thrown line)transitive verb2hook of any kindnoun
πΉπππ·hΓΌ-DSEH1the lower part or bottom of an object2the lower part of a stream, usually excepting its mouthcfπππ·
πΉπππ°πΏπ»ΝhΓΌ-WAH-leeβΏ1a great many2very muchunspec. comp. form ofπΉπ3ππ°πΏπ»Ν
πΉπππ·πΉπΏπ°ππ· ππππ°ππ·HΓ-we-HLAH-dseh ZHΓ-dah-beh1the second month of the summer or doge season of the Osages, probably Maycfππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3-ππ·
π»
π»π·EE-eh1talkintransitive verb2sayintransitive verb3speakintransitive verb4make a speech or talkintransitive verb5talk abouttransitive verb6discusstransitive verb7speak oftransitive verb8speak a languagetransitive verb9wordnoun10wordsnoun11languagenoun12teachingsnoun13one's wordnoun14speechnoun15prayernoun
π»π· ππΌπ»πππ·EE-eh oh-GEE-pshehcont. var.π»π· πΌπ»πππ·1keep one's wordtransitive verb2promise-keepernounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ»π·πΌπ»πΌ-1ππππ·
π»π· ππππ·EE-eh oh-PSHEH1obey, follow, or keep true to someone's wordThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ»π·ππππ·
π»π· ππ»ππ°ΝEE-eh thee-TAHβΏ1Braillenoun2read Brailletransitive verbtouch wordsunspec. comp. form ofπ»π·ππ»ππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3
π»π· ππ°πππΉπ»EE-eh wah-SΓ-hee1pure wordsunspec. comp. form ofπ»π·ππ°πππΉπ
π»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°ee-HAHβΏ-kah1sister-in-law (wife's sister) (his/her)2sister-in-law (brother's wife, of a male) (his)cfππ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°
π»πΉπΝee-HOHβΏ1mother (his/her)2the mother3a mother4aunt (mother's older sister) (his/her)5wife (my)To express the idea of "my wife" with this term, say the name of the son first. For example, "son's name + ihoβΏ."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»ππ°Νππ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπΝ
π»πΉπΝππ°Νee-HOHβΏ-tahβΏ1aunt (mother's older sister) his/hercfπ»ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°Νππ°Ν2ππ»πΉπΝππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπΝππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπΝππ°Ν2
π»πΉπΝππ»Νee-HOHβΏ-zheeβΏ1aunt (mother's younger sister) (his/her)cfπ»ππ°Νππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°Νππ»Νππ»πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
π»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ΝEE-gah-tah-mahβΏ1bellunspec. comp. form ofπ»-1πΌπ°ππ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ°Ν
π»πΌπee-KOH1grandmother (his/her)2grandmother (my)3mother-in-law (husband's mother) (his/her)4mother-in-law (husband's mother) (my)5great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (his/her)6great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (my)7great aunt (father's mother's sister) (his/her)8great aunt (father's mother's sister) (my)9mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (his/her)10mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (my)11father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (his/her)12father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΌπ
π»πΌπ πΏπΝee-KOH lohβΏ1grandmother thundercfππ»ππ»πΌπ ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΌπππ»Ν1ππ»ππ»πΌπ ππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΌπππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΌππΏπΝ1unspec. var. ofπΏπΝπΉπΝ
π»πΏπΝππ°ee-LOHβΏ-pah1son (first) (my, your, his/her)Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 102) notes that for this term its "use beyond 1st and 2nd person (e.g., for 'my first son' and 'your first son') seems limited."cfπ»πΏπΝππ°ΝπΌππΝπΌπ°πΌππ°πΌπ·πΌππ°ππ»Ν
π»πΏπΝππ° π»πΉπΝee-LOHβΏ-pah ee-HOHβΏ1wife (my)2wife (your)3wife (his)Quintero notes that this term is both "vocative and referent" (Osage Dictionary (2009), page 102) which means it is used to both address this person, as well as refer to them when talking to someone else. She also notes that this term "can be used for 'wife' if the husband and wife have a son." (Osage Grammar (2004), page 484)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfππ»ππ°πΌ'πunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ°πΌβπππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπΝ
π»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·1ee-LOHβΏ-pah ee-THAH-dsehunspec. var.π»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ»1husband (my)2husband (your)3husband (her)cfππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°π'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·
π»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·2ee-LOHβΏ-pah ee-THAH-dseh1husband (your)cfππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°π'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·
π»πΏπΝππ°Νee-LOHβΏ-tahβΏcont. var.π»πΏπΝπ»ΝπΏπΝ1son (first) (my, your, his/her)2son (eldest)cfπ»πΏπΝππ°πΌππΝπΌπ°πΌππ°πΌπ·πΌππ°ππ»Ν
π»ππ°Νee-NAHβΏ1mother (my)2aunt (mother's sister) (my)This term can refer to either the mother's older or younger sister. Note that there are specific terms for each that can be used.3aunt (mother's older sister) (my)4aunt (mother's younger sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπΝππ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπΝ
π»ππ°Νππ°Νee-NAHβΏ-tahβΏ1aunt (mother's older sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»πΉπΝππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΉπΝππ°Ν2ππ»πΉπΝππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπΝππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°Νππ°Ν2
π»ππ°Νππ»Νee-NAHβΏ-zheeβΏ1aunt (mother's younger sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΉπΝππ»Νππ»πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°Νππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
π»ππ»πΌπ°ee-NEE-kah1husband (her)cfπ»ππ°πΌ'πunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ°πΌβππ'π±ππ»Ν π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νπ»ππ°1ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌπ°
π»ππ°πΉπΝEE-bah-hohβΏunspec. var.π»ππ°πΉπ1know (e.g., a fact, the answer to a question)2understand3know as a person4be acquainted with5recognize6know someone as (being a certain way or a certain type of person)7guess
π»ππΝπ·ππ»Νee-SOHβΏ-eh-zheeβΏunspec. var.π»ππΝπ°ππ»Ν1brother (younger, of a female) (her)cfππ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ·ππ»Νππ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν
π»ππΝπΌπ°ee-SOHβΏ-kah1brother (younger, of a male) (his)cfππ»ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ°ππ»ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπΌπ°
π»ππ»πΌ'π·ee-SHEE-k'eh1brother-in-law (husband's brother) (her)2brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a female) (her)3brother-in-law (husband's sister's husband, of a female) (her)cfππ»ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌ'π·ππ»ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πΌ'π·
π»ππ»πΌππ°Νee-SHEE-kxahβΏ1sister-in-law (husband's sister) (her)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (her)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (her)cfππ»πΌππ°Νππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Νππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌππ°Ν
π»ππ°1EE-tahee-TAHunspec. var.ππ°71his/hers, theirs (be)pronoun2theirspronoun3belong to (him/her, them)pronoun4fit, be suitable or appropriateverbcfππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
π»ππ°ΝπΉπ°ee-TAHβΏ-hah1uncle (father's sister's husband) (his/her)2brother-in-law (wife's brother) (his/her)3brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a male) (his)cfππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΉπ°ππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ΝπΉπ°
π»ππ°ΝπΌπ·ee-TAHβΏ-keh1sister (older) (his/her)Quintero notes, "The 'older sister' terms designate the older of the sisters, not necessarily someone older than the person speaking. They are also used between two female friends without regard to relative age."cfπ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπ°ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ΝπΌπ·
π»Νππ°πeeβΏ-TAH-oh1indeed2really3trulyMaleThis term is often used to end a declarative sentence with the one(s) being addressed being some distance away.cfπ1π2ππ°Ν4
π»Νππ°ππ»eeβΏ-TAH-dsee1father (my)2uncle (father's brother) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-unspec. var. ofπ»-2
π»Νππ°ππ» ππ°πΌπΝππ°eeβΏ-TAH-dsee wah-KOHβΏ-dah1our heavenly fatherfather Godunspec. comp. form ofπ»Νππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-ππ°πΌπΝππ°
π»Νππ°ππ»ππ»ΝeeβΏ-TAH-dsee-zheeβΏ1uncle (father's brother) (my)As a general rule, kinship terms in Osage must have a prefix to express my, your, or his/her. This particular case is a rare exception where this base form can be used to address an individual (vocative).cfπ»ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»Νππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
π»ππ°ππ·EE-dah-theh1give birth to offspring2bear a child, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°2-ππ·
π»ππ·ππ»Νee-TEH-zheeβΏunspec. var.π»ππ°π·ππ»Νπ»ππ±ππ»Ν1sister (younger) (his/her)Quintero notes, "The sister designated by a 'younger sister' term need not be younger than the speaker, just younger than another sister."cfππ»ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ·ππ»Νππ»ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ·ππ»Ν
π»ππΝππ·ee-TOHβΏ-dseh1son-in-law (daughter's husband) (his/her)cfππ»ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝππ·ππ»ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝππ·
π»Νππ·πΌπ»eeβΏ-DSEH-gee1uncle (mother's brother) (his/her)cfππ»Νππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-*ππ·πΌπ»ππ»Νππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-*ππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-unspec. var. ofπ»-2*ππ·πΌπ»
π»ππ»πΌπee-TSEE-goh1grandfather (his/her)2father-in-law (his/her)cfπ'π°πΌπ· π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·π»ππ°1ππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πΌπ
π»ππ»ππ»ee-TSEE-mee1aunt (father's sister) (his/her)cfππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ»
π»ππ»ππ»ee-TSEE-nee1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (his/her)cfππ»Ν π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν4π°ππππ·ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ»
π»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·ee-tsee-OH-zhahβΏ-kehcont. var.π»ππππ°ΝπΌπ·1niece (brother's daughter, of a female) (her)cfππ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·
π»ππ»Νππee-TSEEβΏ-doh1brother (older, of a female) (her)cfππ»ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππππ»ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»Νππ
π»ππ»ππee-TSEE-zhoh1cousin (father's sister's daughter) (his/her)2niece (sister's daughter, of a male) (his)cfππ»ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππππ»ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ
π»ππππΌπ°ee-TSOH-shgah1nephew (wife's brother's son) (his/her)2nephew (sister's son, of a male) (his)3nephew (brother's son, of a female) (her)4cousin (father's sister's son) (his/her)5grandchild (his/her)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 91) that "use of term to mean 'grandchild' is unexpected."cfππ»ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππππΌπ°ππ»ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππππΌπ°
π»πππππ°ee-TSOH-shpah1grandchild (his/her)cfππ»πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1πππππ°ππ»πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2πππππ°
π»ππ°ππ·ee-THAH-dsehunspec. var.π»ππ°ππ»1father (his/her)2uncle (father's brother) (his/her)3husband (my)To express the idea of "my husband" with this term, say the name of the daughter first. For example, "daughter's name + ithadse."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»Νππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·
π»ππ°ππ·ππ»Νee-THAH-dseh-zheeβΏ1father (his/her)2uncle (father's brother) (his/her)cfπ»Νππ°ππ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»Νππ°ππ»ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
π»ππ°πΌ'πee-WAH-k'ohee-wah-k'OH1wife (his)cfπ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°πΌ'πunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ°πΌβπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ°πΌβπ
π»ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νee-WAH-k'oh-zheeβΏ1mother-in-law (his/her)cfππ»ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νπ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»Ν
π»ππ»ΝπΌπ·ee-ZHEEβΏ-keh1son (his/her)2nephew (brother's son, of a male) (his)3nephew (sister's son, of a female) (her)cfππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ΝπΌπ·
π»ππ»Νππ·ee-ZHEEβΏ-thehcont. var.π»ππ»Νπ»ππ»Νπ·1brother (older, of a male) (his)cfππ»ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ·ππ»ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»Νππ·
π»ππΝπ°ee-ZHOHβΏ-ah1sister (older, of a female) (her)cfπ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°ππ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπ°
π»ππΝπΌπ·ee-ZHOHβΏ-keh1daughter (his/her)2niece (brother's daughter, of a male) (his)3niece (sister's daughter, of a female) (her)cfππ»ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπΌπ·
πΌ
πΌπ°gah1that2that: refers to what is remote, at one side, or out of sight3these4this5this one (animate or inanimate [may apply to abstract entities], emphatic or expressing certainty or immediacy)6here, in this placecfππ·1ππ·2
πΌπ°ΝkahβΏunspec. var.πΌπΝarch. var.πΌ'π°Ν1vein2artery3blood vessel4roots of trees or plants5vein or blood vessel
πΌπ°Ν ππ°ΝπΌπ°KAHβΏ TAHβΏ-kah1muscleunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ°ΝπΌπ°
πΌπ°πΉπ»πΌπ·gah-HEE-geh1chief2chief (especially a keeper of a sacred pipe)3great onecfππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°ΝπΌπ°
πΌπ°πΉπ»ππ°gah-HEE-thah1said when the wind blows or wafts an odor, etc., towards a person - refers to any light objectunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°πΉπΏπ»gah-HLEEarch. var.πΌπ°πππ»1stun or kill, as a person or tree, by a blow2the killing of an enemy by a war party3the striking of an enemy by a warrior, an act which entitles him to a military honorunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°πΉπΏπΝgah-HLOHβΏunspec. var.πΌπ°πΉπΏπ°Νarch. var.πΌπ°πππ°Ν1hunting party composed of all or a large part of a tribe
πΌπ°πΉπΏπΝ πΏπ»gah-HLOHβΏ leearch. var.πΌπ°πππΝ πΌππ»1return of people from a huntThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπΌπ°πΉπΏπΝ ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°πΉπΏπΝπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°πΉπΏπΝπ°πΏπ»
πΌπ°πΉπΏπΝ ππ·gah-HLOHβΏ thehunspec. var.πΌπ°πΉπΏπ°Ν ππ·arch. var.πΌπ°πππΝ ππ·1migrate2travel3go on a hunting expedition4go on a hunting expedition with many or all of the tribe5go with a large party, each man taking his householdThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπΌπ°πΉπΏπΝ πΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°πΉπΏπΝπ°πΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°πΉπΏπΝπ°ππ·
πΌπ°πΌπΝGAH-gohβΏgah-GOHβΏarch. var.πΌπ°πΌπΝ1in that manner2in this manner3thuscfππ·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ·2π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°π·πΌπΝ
πΌπ°πΌπΝππ°ΝGAH-gohβΏ-DAHβΏ1while thus2at that time3when this was done, or being done4therefore5thenunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°π·πΌπΝππ°Ν1
πΌπ°πΌππ»Νππ·gah-KSHEEβΏ-dseh1strike a blow and miss the object, because the hand or weapon glides by, or the person or animal dodgescfππ°πΌππ»Νππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΌππ»Νππ·πππΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*πΌππ»Νππ·
πΌπ°πΏπ·πΌπ·gah-LEH-geharch. var.πΌπ°πππ·πΌπ·1break in, as a stove, skull, window pane, etc.For this term, Dorsey notes that it "Refers to hard objects, requiring much force."cfππ°ΝπΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-πΏπ·πΌπ·ππ°πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πΏπ·πΌπ·
πΌπ°πΏπ·πΏπ·πΌπ·gah-LEH-leh-geharch. var.πΌπ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·1break an object into piecesThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πΏπ·πΌπ·
πΌπ°ππ°Νkah-MAHβΏKAH-mahβΏ1ring2ring, as a bell3the sound produced by the striking of a bellThis term does not refer to the act of ringing a bell, but rather the actual ring of a bell.cfππ°ππ°Ν
πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ·gah-BAH-bah-xeh1break a rope in pieces or shreds by frequent blows with a stick or axeThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ·
πΌπ°ππ°ππ·gah-BAH-xeh1break or cut a rope once with an axe or stickcfππ°Νππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·
πΌπ°ππππ·gah-BΓ-zeh1dry an object by blowing on it, as the wind does2sweep dryunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππππ·
πΌπ°ππππΌπ·gah-PXOH-keharch. var.πΌπ°ππππΌπ·1burst2explode3pop (e.g., a balloon)4hit someone on the back, knocking the wind out5make a thud or dull sound by striking a soft object, or the ground6clap the hands7burst, as a leaf on the forehead, by striking it with the hands8stun, crashcfππ°ΝππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππππΌπ·ππ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·ππ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππΌπ·
πΌ'π°Νππ°πΌπ»k'AHβΏ-sah-gee1fast in movementadjective2fleet (as a runner)adjective3quicklyadverb4fastadverb5rapidlyadverb6swiftlyadverb
πΌπ°ππ²ππ°Νgah-SAHβΏ-eeβΏ-dahβΏ1during tomorrowunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ²ππ°Ν1
πΌπ°ππ·gah-SEHGAH-seh1chop or cut with a striking blow (e.g., from a blade, such as an axe or knife)2cut with a lawnmower3chop up (e.g., long, thin sticks of wood for a fire)4chop down (not by sawing)5cut with an ax or hatchet, as a tree into firewoodcfππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ·ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππ·
πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ·gah-SEE-geh1make pieces fly in all directions, by cutting with an ax, or by shootingcfππ°Νππ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°ππ»Νππ°Νgah-SEEβΏ-dahβΏ1during tomorrowunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ»Νππ°Ν1
πΌπ°ππΌπ·ππ·gah-SGEH-beh1shave a personcfππ°ππΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°πππ·πΌπ·gah-STSEH-geh1gash the skin by hitting with a knife, sharp stone, etc., or by falling on some sharp and prominent object2make a deep gash in the skin by hitting with a knife or stick, or by falling on some prominent or sharp objectcfππ°πππ·πΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°πππ·πΌπ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·gah-STSEH-stseh-geh1gash the skin repeatedly by hitting with a knife, or by falling on some sharp object2tear clothing, etc., into shreds by blowing at it (said of the wind)This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfππ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πππππ·πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°ππ» ππ»ΝπΌπ°GAH-shee ZHEEβΏ-kah1a short time2a little while3a little while ago4after some timeunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ°
πΌπ°ππΝgah-SHOHβΏunspec. var.πΌπ°ππΝπ·πΌπ°ππΝππ·arch. var.πΌπ°ππΝ1enough2sufficient3enough (of some activity)4final point, end (e.g., of one's earthly existence)
πΌπ°ππΝ πΌπ°ππ·gah-SHOHβΏ GAH-xeharch. var.πΌπ°ππΝ πΌπ°ππ·1stop work2stop what one is about, and depart3bring his visit to an endThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπΌπ°ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππΝ-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππΝπΌπ°ππ·1
πΌπ°ππΝπΌπ·gah-SHOHβΏ-keharch. var.πΌπ°ππΝπΌπ·1break very fine2make crumble into pieces3crush into dustDorsey notes that this term "Refers to an act subsequent to that denoted by gaxuxe."cfπΌπ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππ·ππ°ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°ππππ·gah-SHOH-dseharch. var.πΌπ°ππππ·1raise a dust by blowing, as the wind does, or by strikingcfππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππ·
πΌπ°ππΝππ°gah-SHOHβΏ-thaharch. var.πΌπ°ππΝππ°1knock against a vessel, causing some of its liquid contents to be spilt, without upsetting the vesselcfππ°ππΝππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππΝππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππΝππ°
πΌπ°ππΝππ·gah-SHOHβΏ-theharch. var.πΌπ°ππΝππ·1stop workcfπΌπ°ππΝ πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππΝπΌπ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππΝ-ππ·
πΌπ°πππ°gah-SHDAH1cut off all the grass, etc., making the surface of the ground smooth or evencfπππππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-1πππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πππ°unspec. var. ofπππ°πΉπ°
πΌπ°ππππ·gah-SHOO-behgah-SHΓ-beh1pay (a debt)2pay for (a purchase)unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°ππ°ΝGAH-tahβΏ1that far2that (is) far enoughcfπΌπ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°
πΌπ°ππ°ππ°Νgah-TAH-mahβΏ1ring2make a ringing noise3ring like a bellunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ°Ν
πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ°gah-TAH-tah-thaharch. var.πΌπ°π'π°π'π°ππ°1wear a plaited whip into shreds by long usage2break up coals on fire into small pieces by frequent blowsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ°
πΌπ°ππ°ππ·gah-DAH-dseh1deep mud, such as cattle get mired innoun2sloughnoun3mire: said of horses and oxenverb4miry5boggy6marsh mirenoun
πΌπ°ππ°ππ°gah-TAH-haharch. var.πΌπ°π'π°ππ°1make a rope come unplaited by striking or blowing it (the latter being done by the wind)2knock and object to pieces, to make it fall apartcfππππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ°
πΌπ°πππ°ΝGAH-txahβΏ1that far2awhile3that (is) far enoughcfπΌπ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°
πΌπ°ππ·1GAH-tseh1that remote or unseen standing inanimate object or collection of inanimate objects2that subject or matterunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ·1
πΌπ°ππ·2gah-TSEH1skim off the grease from the surface of the water in a kettleunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°Νππ· πΉπ»Νπππ·KAHβΏ-dseh HEEβΏ-shdsehunspec. var.πΌπ°Νππ· πΉπ»Νππ΅π·1peachunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·πΉπ»Νπππ·
πΌπ°Νππ· ππΏπ°ΝKAHβΏ-dseh oh-LAHβΏcont. var.πΌπ°ΝπππΏπ°Ν1pie of any sort (fruit, cream, etc.)place fruit into itunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-
πΌπ°Νππ· ππ° π°πΏπ°ΝKAHβΏ-dseh pah AH-lahβΏ1pearapple with a nose placed upon itunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππ°1π°πΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
πΌπ°Νππ· ππππ·KAHβΏ-dseh BOO-zeh1dried fruitunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππππ·
πΌπ°Νππ· ππ°ππ·KAHβΏ-dseh SAH-beh1pruneunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππ°ππ·
πΌπ°Νππ· ππππ·KAHβΏ-dseh XOH-dseh1plumcfππ»ππππ· πΌπ°Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππ·πΌπ°Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππππ·
πΌπ°Νππ· ππ» π'π°ππ·KANβΏ-dseh zee ts'AH-theh1lemonunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππ»π'π°ππ·
πΌπ°Νππ· ππ» ππ»ΝKAHβΏ-dseh zee zheeβΏ1apricotunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππ»ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
πΌπ°Νππ· ππππ·KAHβΏ-dseh ZHOO-dsehunspec. var.πΌπ°Νππ· πππ·1tomatored fruitunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππππ·
πΌπ°Νππ·ππ»KAHβΏ-dseh-nee1fruit juicefruit waterunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππ»1
πΌπ°ππ·ππ·gah-TSEH-tseh1skim off the particles of grease from the surface of the water in a kettleThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°ππ»Νgah-DSEEβΏarch. var.πΌπ°π΅π»Ν1across2across an object at right angles3at right angles with
πΌπ°ππgah-DSΓ1wipe or scrape clean, as a child, after it has stooled: so described because a corn cob or stick is used for the purpose2scrape off, as snow, with a hoe or axe3paw away the earth or snow, as horses dounspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°ππππ·gah-DSOO-xehgah-DSΓ-xehunspec. var.ππππ·11sweep2sweep (with any object)3dust or sweep, as with a broom, but not with a brush4push litter off a floorcfπΌπ°ππ»ππΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ»ππΌπ»2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°Νππ°2KAHβΏ-thahunspec. var.πΌπ°Νππ°11attacktransitive verb2charge upon an enemytransitive verb3raidtransitive verb4threatentransitive verb5rush on or attack him, her, or ittransitive verb6a menacenoun
πΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌππ·GAH-theeβΏ-ksheh1that sitting one (animate object)2that curvilinear inanimate object3that part4that standing animate object, or that curvilinear inanimate object, at one side (but seen) or out of sight (but heard)5that one standing, the object of an action6seen, and near the speakerunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌππ·
πΌπ°ππ»ππΌπ»gah-THEE-sgee1sweep together, as wheat, etc., scattered on the ground or floorcfπΌπ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ»ππΌπ»2unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3
πΌπ°ππ1gah-THOH1over therecfππ·ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°
πΌπ°ππΝgah-THOHβΏunspec. var.πΌπ°ππ21then2and then3and next4and then immediately5and right away6in or at that place or time7andThis term can be used to express numbers greater than one thousand.8an introductory and9here next tocfπ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Νπ·ππ»1
πΌπ°ππ°KAH-wahkah-WAH1horse2ponyThis term is borrowed from the Spanish word for horse (caballo).
πΌπ°ππ° πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ΝKAH-wah kee-BAH-nahβΏ1horse raceunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2
πΌπ°ππ° ππ°Νππ° πππ·π·KAH-wah NAHβΏ-tah SDSEH-eh1mulethe horse with the long earscfππ°Νππ°Νππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°Νππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ°Νππ°unspec. var. ofππ°Νππ°Νπππ·π·unspec. var. ofπππ·ππ·
πΌπ°ππ° ππ°ππΝπ΄π·KAH-wah wah-NOHβΏ-brehkah-WAH wah-NOHβΏ-breharch. var.πΌπ°ππ° ππ°ππΝπππ·1oatsfood for horsesunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππΝπ΄π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΝπ΄π·
πΌπ°ππ° ππ°ππ·ππ»KAH-wah wah-TSEH-xee1wild horse2untamed horsedifficult horseunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ·ππ»
πΌπ°ππ° ππππ·KAH-wah XOH-dsehunspec. var.πΌπ°ππ° πππ·1gray horseunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππππ·
πΌπ°ππ°ππ·ππ·ππ»KAH-wah-DSEH-zheh-nee1beerhorse urinecfππ» π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»1π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ·ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1
πΌπ°ππ°ππ»Ν ππ°Νππ°ΝKAH-wah-zheeβΏ TAHβΏ-wahβΏ1Bartlesville, Oklahomalittle horse townunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°Νππ°Ν
πΌπ°ππ°2gah-XAH1limb, bough, or branch of a tree2branch of a stream3stream of water4creek or river
πΌπ°ππ·1GAH-xeh1make, fix, prepare, baketransitive verb2buildtransitive verb3make or force someone to do somethingtransitive verb4cause something to be a certain waytransitive verb5turn ontransitive verb6do, perform, engage intransitive verb7make it (in a card game)intransitive verb8maketransitive verb9dotransitive verb10acttransitive verb11behavetransitive verb12causetransitive verbcf-ππ·
πΌπ°ππ· ππ°ΝπΌπ°KAH-xeh TAHβΏ-kah1ravenbig crowunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ·2ππ°ΝπΌπ°
πΌπ°ππ»ππ°gah-XEE-thah1make fall to the ground by striking, etc.cfππππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ»ππ°1
πΌπ°ππΝgah-XOHβΏ1break off, break by striking (a long object, such as a stick)transitive verb2be broken (when used with continuative auxiliary akxa or apa)intransitive verb3break, as a nail, ear of corn, stick, etc., by striking, without breaking it entirely in twotransitive verb4break or be broken by fallingtransitive verbcfππ°ΝππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππΝππ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝππ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝππ»ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππΝ
πΌπ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·gah-XTHEH-xtheh-gehThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πππ·πΌπ·arch. var. ofπΏπ·πΌπ·arch. var. ofπΌπ°πΏπ·πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πΏπ·πΌπ·
πΌπ°ππππ·gah-XΓ-xeh1break, as any small or thin object, requiring little force, as a pecan nutDorsey notes that this term "Refers to the first breaking, before that denoted by gashoβΏke,"cfπΌπ°ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππ·
πΌπ°ππ°Νgah-ZAHβΏ1scold2reprimand3chastise4censure5bawl outunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°ππ°Ν ππ·gah-ZAHβΏ theh1go without fear to one or more persons who are in a bad humorThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-π°ππ·
πΌπ°ππ°Νππ°Νgah-ZAHβΏ-zahβΏ1scold over and over2keep on scoldingThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ°Νππ·KAHβΏ-zeh1Kaw2Kansa (tribe or tribal member)3Kaw Indiancfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
πΌπ°ππ»gah-ZHEE1drive (a vehicle)2herd (animals)3make or force someone to do something4command someone to do something5blow with force (as in blowing one's nose)unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ·1keh1turtle2tortoise3terrapinDorsey notes that this is "the generic name of the tortoises or turtles."
πΌπ·2geh1positional article for dispersed, scattered, or randomly located entities (modifies noun or noun phrase)2the scattered inanimate objectscfπΌππ·ππ°4ππ·1πππ°Νππ·1ππ°Νππ·1ππ»ΝπΌππ·
πΌπ·πΌππ·ππ·keh-GTHEH-zehunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ·1πΌππ·ππ·arch. var. ofπΏπ·ππ·arch. var. ofπΌπ·πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ·1πΏπ·ππ·
πΌπ·πΏπ·ππ·keh-LEH-zheharch. var.πΌπ·πΌππ·ππ·1box turtlestriped turtleunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ·1πΏπ·ππ·
πΌπ·ππ°GEH-nah1the inanimate objects which were scattered thenunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ·2-ππ°
πΌπ·πππΝπΌπ°keh-SHDOHβΏ-kaharch. var.πΌπ·πππΝπΌπ°1soft-shelled turtlesoft turtleDorsey notes that this is "the soft-shelled turtle, which stays on sand-bars."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ·1πππΝπΌπ°
πΌπ»gee1in2into3at4on5to something plural or multipleDorsey describes this suffix as "a terminal adverb of position."
πΌπ»π·ππππ°KEE-eh-DOH-bahunspec. var.πΌπ»ππ·ππππ°arch. var.πΌπ»πΌππ·ππππ°πΌπ»ππ·ππππ°1eightagain fourunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌππ·ππππ°1
πΌπ»π·ππππ»ΝKEE-eh-DOH-beeβΏarch. var.πΌπ»πΌππ·ππππ»Ν1eight timesunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»π·ππππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌππ·ππππ°1-π»Ν
πΌπ»πΉπ°ππ·GEE-hah-zeh1flee from a person, etc.2shun3avoid4evadeunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΉπ°ππ·
πΌπ»πΉπ»πΌπ·GEE-hee-geh1be chief for or over a people2be chief of a tribecfπΌπ»ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°πΉπ»πΌπ·
πΌπ»πΌπ°ππ·gee-GAH-xeh1repair2mend3vamp4make an object over or anewcfπΌππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2πΌπ°ππ·1
πΌπ»πΌ'π»Νgee-k'EEβΏ1carry his own on his backunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1πΌ'π»Ν
πΌπ»πΌπ»Νππ»ΝKEE-keeβΏ-neeβΏ1curly2kinky3tangledQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 68) that this term is "borrowed from English kinky."
πΌπ»πΌ'πGEE-k'uu1give back an object to the owner2give backunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2πΌ'π
πΌπ»πΏπ»ππ»ππΌπ»kee-LEE-thee-sgee1assemble themselvesIf kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "self" (reflexive), a g- before the th emerges, forming gth, which has become an L in modern Osage. For example, ki- (reflexive) + thuzha (wash) becomes kiluzha. If kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "each other" (reciprocal), it is simply added to the verb with no further additions or changes beyond any necessary conjugations. In either case, when this kig- (kug-) this term is no longer treated as a BRUSH verb, but is now conjugated as an ATHA verb.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2ππ»ππ»ππΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππΌπ»2
πΌπ»πΏπΝππ· ππ°Νππ»Νkee-LOHβΏ-xeh MAHβΏ-theeβΏarch. var.πΌπ»πΌππΝππ· ππ°Νππ»Ν1beecfππ»Νππ· ππ» ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»Νππ·ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ»Ν
πΌπ»πΏππ'π°πΌπ·kee-LΓ-ts'ah-geharch. var.πΌππΌπππ'π°πΌπ·1fail in doing, making, or completing anything for himself, as for want of time, or because the object is too heavy to be lifted, pulled, etc.If kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "self" (reflexive), a g- before the th emerges, forming gth, which has become an L in modern Osage. For example, ki- (reflexive) + thuzha (wash) becomes kiluzha. If kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "each other" (reciprocal), it is simply added to the verb with no further additions or changes beyond any necessary conjugations. In either case, when this kig- (kug-) this term is no longer treated as a BRUSH verb, but is now conjugated as an ATHA verb.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2πππ'π°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*π'π°πΌπ·
πΌπ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°Ν ππΌπ°πΏπ·kee-MAHβΏ-hahβΏ oh-GAH-leharch. var.πΌπ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°Ν ππΌπ°πππ·1facing the wind, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°ΝππΌπ°πΏπ·
πΌπ»ππ°ΝπΌ'πΝgee-NAHβΏ-k'ohβΏGEE-nahβΏ-k'ohβΏunspec. var.πΌπ»ππ°πΌ'πΝarch. var.πΌπ»ππ°πΌ'πΝ1hear about his or her own2hear something about someone or something belonging to or connected with oneselfunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππ°ΝπΌ'πΝ
πΌπ»ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°gee-NAHβΏ-xeh-sgahunspec. var.πΌπ»ππ°ππ·ππΌπ°πΌπ»ππΝππ·ππΌπ°1come back to consciousness2regain consciousnessunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππΌπ°3
πΌπ»ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ° πΌπ°ππ·gee-NAHβΏ-xeh-sgah GAH-xehunspec. var.πΌπ»ππΝππ·ππΌπ° πΌπ°ππ·1reviveThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°πΌπ°ππ·1
πΌπ»ππ»1gee-NEEunspec. var.πΌπ»ππ»π·1recover from sickness2revive from unconsciousness3heal4recuperate5recover from illnessbe alive anewunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2ππ»4
πΌπ»ππ»2GEE-neegee-NEEunspec. var.πΌπ»ππ»π·1live for one2live for another or others3have a kinsman or friend aliveDorsey notes that this term is the opposite of gits'e.cfπΌπ»π'π·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1π'π·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1ππ»4
πΌπ»ππ» πΌπ°ππ·gee-NEE GAH-xeh1heal2restore to healthmake to recoverThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»ππ»1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2ππ»4πΌπ°ππ·1
πΌπ»ππ°πΉπΏπππ·kee-BAH-hloh-dseharch. var.πΌπ»ππ°πππππ·1cast his own skinππ·π'π° πΌπ»ππ°πΉπΏπππ» π°πΌππ° πThe snake casts his own skin (is doing it).unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2ππ°πΉπΏπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΉπΏπππ·
πΌπ»ππ°ππ°Νkee-BAH-nahβΏ1racenoun2run in a competitionnoun3run a raceintransitive verbThis term has the reflexive ki- built into it.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2
πΌπ»ππ°ππ°Νkee-BAH-dahβΏ1push himself along2push off the boat in which he is, by pushing with his feet or an oar, against the bank or shoreunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2ππ°ππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
πΌπ»ππ·GEE-seh1cut wood, etc., for anotherunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππ·
πΌπ»πππgee-SDOHarch. var.πΌπ»πππ1assemble (as for a council)2assemble in council3gather for council4meet and talk things over
πΌπ»ππππ·gee-SOO-thehunspec. var.πΌπ»πππ·πΌππππ·πΌπππππ·1remember
πΌπ»ππππ·1GEE-shoo-behGEE-shΓΌ-behgee-SHΓ-beh1pay someone2pay for someone3pay a personunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ»ππππ·2GEE-shoo-behGEE-shΓΌ-behunspec. var.πΌπ»ππ»ππ·1pay back2repay3reimburse4pay a debtunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2πΌπ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ»ππππ°ΝGEE-doh-dahβΏunspec. var.πΌπ»ππππΝarch. var.πΌπ»ππππ°Ν1make war against2go on the warpath against the enemy3invadeunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1ππππ°Ν
πΌπ»π'π·GEE-ts'eh1lose his kinsman, etc., by deathcfπΌπ»ππ»2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1ππ»4unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1π'π·
πΌπ»ππGEE-dsΓΌ1wipe or scrape clean for anotherunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°ππunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΌπ»ππ°πΉπΏπ»ΝGEE-wah-hleeβΏunspec. var.πΌπ»ππ°πΏπ»πΌπ»ππ°πΏπ»Νarch. var.πΌπ»ππ°πππ»1stingy2refuse to spare his property to another3stingy or selfish with, reluctant to share something of one's own because of valuing it so highly4value, prize, or treasure something5value highly some particular propertyunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1ππ°πΏπ»2
πΌπ»ππ°πΉπΏπ»ππ»GEE-wah-hlee-zheearch. var.πΌπ»ππ°πππ»ππ»1generous2liberal3share his property to anotherThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»ππ°πΉπΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1ππ°πΏπ»2π°ππ»
πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°GEE-wah-tahβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππ°ππΝπΌπ°1be a chief over them2act as chief for another tribecfπΌπ»πΉπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°πΉπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°ΝπΌπ°
πΌπ»ππGEE-zoh1happyintransitive verb2feel enjoymentintransitive verb3have funintransitive verb4have a good timeintransitive verb5enjoytransitive verb6liketransitive verb7happy or glad about somethingtransitive verbEven though English classifies the idea of "happy" as an adjective, Osage handles this differently by this word working as both a transitive and intrasitive verb. For example, being happy in general is intransitive (e.g. "I am happy"), and being happy about something is transitive (e.g. "I am happy about it").
πΌπΝ ππ»ΝπΌπ°GOHβΏ ZHEEβΏ-kaharch. var.πΌπ°Ν ππ»ΝπΌπ°1not to know how to make or do anything correctly2failure to do a thing for lack of skill3unskilled4be unskilled (at)5not know how (to)
πΌππ΄π»Νπ΄π»Νπ°GOH-breeβΏ-breeβΏ-aharch. var.πΌππππ»Νπππ»Νπ°1staggering
πΌππ΄π»Νπ΄π»Νπ° ππ·GOH-breeβΏ-breeβΏ-ah theharch. var.πΌππππ»Νπππ»Νπ° ππ·1go staggeringThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΌππ΄π»Νπ΄π»Νπ°π°ππ·
πΌππ΄π»Νπ΄π»Νπ° ππ· πΌπ°ππ·GOH-breeβΏ-breeβΏ-ah the GAH-xeh1make one go staggering by pushingThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπΌππ΄π»Νπ΄π»Νπ° ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌππ΄π»Νπ΄π»Νπ°π°ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1
πΌππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°KOH-kah TAHβΏ-kaharch. var.πΌππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°1marbled godwitDorsey notes that this is "the archaic name for the t'iβΏ zhihi."cfππ² ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ²ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°
πΌππΌπ·KOH-geharch. var.πΌππΌπ·1thud2sound of a drum when beaten3sound produced by striking a drum4sound of something soft and heavy falling to the groundcfππππΌπ·ππππ·ππ»ππ·2
πΌππΌπππ°koh-KOH-mah1cucumber2pickleQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 71) that this term is "possibly borrowed from English cucumber."
πΌππΌπππ°KOH-koh-sahkoh-KOH-sahunspec. var.πΌππππ°arch. var.πΌ'ππΌ'πππ°1pig2hog3shoat4porkQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 72) that this term is "possibly borrowed from French cochon."
πΌππΌπππ° π·πΌπΝkoh-KOH-sah EH-gohβΏ1hoggishunspec. comp. form ofπΌππΌπππ°π·πΌπΝ
πΌππΌπππ° ππ»ΝπΌπ°KOH-koh-sah MEEβΏ-kahunspec. var.πΌππππ° ππ»Νπ°arch. var.πΌ'ππΌ'πππ° ππ»ΝπΌπ°1sowunspec. comp. form ofπΌππΌπππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°1
πΌππΌπππ° ππ·πΏπ»koh-KOH-sah WEH-lee1lard2pork fatcfππ·πΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌππΌπππ°ππ·πΏπ»
πΌπΝππ· πΉπgohβΏ-BEH hΓΌ1hackberry treeCeltis occidentalisunspec. comp. form ofπΌπΝππ·πΉπ1
πΌπππ°goh-DAH1farther over there2beyond3on the other side of something4aheadcfππππ°2
πΌπππ°πΉπ°goh-DAH-hah1to/from farther away (in space)2farther back, farther ahead (in time or space)3beyond4the next to last5the one before last6the one after next7the one past the next8go away9departunspec. comp. form ofπΌπππ°πΉπ°2
πΌπππ°πππ°ΝGOH-dah-txahβΏarch. var.πΌπππ°πΌππ°ΝπΌπππ°πππ°Ν1that standing animate object, in sight, which is beyond a certain point or placeDorsey notes that, "The correlative of godatxaβΏ is dodatxaβΏ."cfππππ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππππ°2πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπππ°πππ°Ν
πΌπππ°KOH-thaharch. var.πΌ'πππ°1friendThis kinship/relationship term is uninflected (i.e., not conjugated), but instead uses the stand-alone possessive pronouns wita (my), thita (your), etc.
πΌππ·ksheh1the reclining animate object2the (dead body)3the long inanimate object4the long rectilinear collection, as a forestcfπΌπ·2ππ°4ππ·1πππ°Νππ·1ππ°Νππ·1ππ»ΝπΌππ·
πΌππ·ππ»KSHEH-dsee1at, by, in, or on the horizontal inanimate object2at, by, or on the reclining or dead animate objectcfππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°π·ππ»2ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌππ·π·ππ»2unspec. comp. form ofπΌππ·π·ππ»2
πΌππ»πΏπ·kshee-LEHarch. var.πΌππ»πΌππ·1have gone back2have come and goneThis term is composed of two motion verbs. When it is conjugated, it is conjugated as one verb.unspec. comp. form ofπ°πΌππ»π°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·
πΌππ»πΝππ·KSHEE-ohβΏ-zeh1teach anothercfπΌππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπΝππ·1
πΌππ»ππ·KSHEE-xeh1make or do something to or for anothercfπΌπ»πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-2πΌπ°ππ·1πΌππ»πΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπΝππ·1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»-1πΌπ°ππ·1
πΌππ»ππ»ππ»KSHEE-zee-ZEE1a bird which keeps on the ground, i.e., does not sit in trees
πΌππΝπΌπ°KSHOHβΏ-kahfr. var.πΌππ°ΝπΌπ°1son (second)2one of the ordinal birth-names of the second soncfπ»πΏπΝππ°π»πΏπΝππ°ΝπΌππ°πΌπ·πΌππ°ππ»Ν
πΌπππ·KOO-dseh1shoottransitive verb2fire a gunintransitive verb3shoot a bow and arrowintransitive verb4shoot someonetransitive verb5shoot at someonetransitive verb
πΌππ°πΌπ·KXAH-geh1son (third and beyond)cfπ»πΏπΝππ°π»πΏπΝππ°ΝπΌππΝπΌπ°πΌππ°ππ»Ν
πΌππ°ππ±kxah-PAH-eeunspec. var.πΌππ°ππ°Ν1son (baby, of a female)2brother (baby, of a female) (said to be used by a woman to refer to her youngest brother or to her youngest son if she has at least two older sons)3brother (baby, of a female) (my)4brother (baby, of a female) (your)5brother (baby, of a female) (her)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 129) that this term is used by a female speaker to refer to "her youngest son if she has at least two older sons."
πΌππ°ππ»ΝKXAH-zheeβΏ1son (third and beyond)cfπ»πΏπΝππ°π»πΏπΝππ°ΝπΌππΝπΌπ°πΌππ°πΌπ·
πΏ
πΏπ°πππ°ΝπΌπ·HominyLAH-pxahβΏ-kehunspec. var.πΏπ°πππ²πΌπ·arch. var.πΌππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ·1mosquitocfπ΄π°πππ°ΝπΌπ·
πΏπ°ππ·LAH-tseharch. var.πΌππ°ππ·πΏπ°π΅π·1eat his or her ownunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
πΏπ°ππ°LAH-thahlah-THAHarch. var.πΌππ°ππ°1unbraided2unwoven3unbraid or untie4become raveled as a braided or plaited lariatcfππ°ππ°
πΏπ°Νππ· πΉπ»Ν ππΌπππ·LAHβΏ-theh heeβΏ SHGOH-beharch. var.πΌππ°Νππ· πΉπ»Ν ππΌπππ·1"the broad insect with thick hair," a mythical character, supposed to be as large as a buffalo bull, and styled the chief or king of the land insects and wormsunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ°Νππ·πΉπ»Ν2ππΌπππ·
πΏπ°Νππ·πΉπ°LAHβΏ-theh-haharch. var.πΌππ°Νππ·πΉπ°1extending of a broad or wide tractunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ°Νππ·πΉπ°2
πΏπ°ππππ·LAH-xΓΌ-xeharch. var.πΌππ°ππππ·1crush his own (crawfish, etc.) by bitingunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
πΏπ·π΄π°ΝLEH-brahβΏunspec. var.πΏπ·π΄π°arch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν1ten2tenth
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν πΉπππ»ΝLEH-brahβΏ hoo-ZHEEβΏLEH-brahβΏ hΓΌ-ZHEEβΏarch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν πΉπππ»Νπ°1hundred2hundredth3one hundredunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°Ν
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν πΌπ»π·ππππ°LEH-brahβΏ KEE-eh-DOH-baharch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν πΌπ»πΌππ·ππππ°1eighty2eightiethunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°ΝπΌπ»π·ππππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌππ·ππππ°1
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν ππ·ππΝππ°LEH-brahβΏ PEH-thohβΏ-baharch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν ππ·ππ°Νππ°1seventyunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°Νππ·ππΝππ°
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν ππ°ππ°ΝLEH-brahβΏ SAH-tahβΏarch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν ππ°ππ°Ν1fiftyunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°Νππ°ππ°Ν
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν ππ°ππ·LEH-brahβΏ SHAH-peharch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν ππ°ππ·1sixtyunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°Νππ°ππ·2
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν ππππ°LEH-brahβΏ DOH-baharch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν ππππ°1fortyunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°Νππππ°1
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν ππ· ππ»ΝπΌπ·LEH-brahβΏ tseh WEEβΏ-kehcont. var.ππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ·1nine2ninthunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°Νππ·1ππ»Νππ»ΝπΌπ·1
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν ππ°π΄π»ΝLEH-brahβΏ THAH-breeβΏarch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν ππ°πππ»Ν1thirtyunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°Νππ°π΄π»Ν1
πΏπ·π΄π°Ν ππΝππ°LEH-brahβΏ thohβΏ-BAHLEH-brahβΏ THOHβΏ-bahunspec. var.πΏπ·π΄π°Ν πΝππ°arch. var.πΌππ·πππ°Ν ππΝππ°1twenty2twentiethunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·π΄π°ΝππΝππ°
πΏπ·πΌπ·LEH-gehunspec. var.πΉπΏπ·πΌπ·arch. var.πππ·πΌπ·1shattercfππΝ
πΏπ·ππΝleh-DOHβΏarch. var.πΌππ·ππ°Ν1hawk2hen hawkcfπΉπ·πΌπ°πππΌπ° πππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πππ»ΝπΌπ·ππ°ππ»Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°Ν2
πΏπ·ππΝ ππ»ΝπΌπ°leh-DOHβΏ ZHEEβΏ-kaharch. var.πΌππ·ππ°Ν ππ»ΝπΌπ°1sparrowhawkunspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·ππΝππ»ΝπΌπ°
πΏπ·ππ°ππ°leh-ZAH-zah1striped here and thereThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπΏπ·ππ·
πΏπ·ππ·LEH-zeharch. var.πΌππ·ππ·1striped2lined (having lines)cfπΏπ·ππ·
πΏπ»ΝπΌπleeβΏ-GOHarch. var.πππ»πΌπ1gravynoun2mixed, as bread with meatadjective
πΏπ»πΏπ·lee-LEHarch. var.πΌππ»πΌππ·1pass by a place, on the way back or homeward2pass to any place in his own lodgeEven though this is a combination of two verbs, it is only conjugated as one verb.unspec. comp. form ofπ°πΏπ»π°πΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ·
πΏπΝ2lohβΏunspec. var.πΏπ°Νarch. var.πΌππ°Ν11call one bad namestransitive verb2call someone a bad nametransitive verb3reviletransitive verb4revile someonetransitive verb5"blast" someone in an argumenttransitive verb6cursetransitive verb7say bad words, curseintransitive verb8sulk, be angry, mutter in complaintintransitive verb
πΏπΝ3lohβΏarch. var.πΌππ°Ν2πΌππΝ1thunderbird2thunder-birds, etc.3the thunder deity4the thunder-god
πΏπΝ πΉπππ°ΝlohβΏ HOH-tahβΏarch. var.πΌππΝ πΉπππ°Ν1thunderthe thunderbird roarscfπΏπΝ ππ°πΌπ°πΉπΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΏπΝ3ππ°-3πΌπ°πΉπΏπ»πΏπΝπΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπΏπΝ3πΉπππ°Ν
πΏπΝ ππ°πΌπ°πΉπΏπ»lohβΏ wah-GAH-hleearch. var.πΌππΝ ππ°πΌπ°πππ»1thunderthe thunder-bird or deity that kills by strikingcfπΏπΝ πΉπππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΏπΝ3πΉπππ°ΝπΏπΝπΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπΏπΝ3ππ°-3πΌπ°πΉπΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
πΏπΝπΉπΝLOHβΏ-hohβΏunspec. var.πΏπΝ11thundercfπΏπΝ πΉπππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΏπΝ3πΉπππ°ΝπΏπΝ ππ°πΌπ°πΉπΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΏπΝ3ππ°-3πΌπ°πΉπΏπ»
πΏπΝππ°LOHβΏ-paharch. var.πΌππΝππ°πΌππΝππ°1cherry2common cherry
πΏπΝππ»ΝLOHβΏ-theeβΏunspec. var.πΌππΝπ»ΝπΏπΝππ·πΏπΝππ»πΏπarch. var.πΌππΝππ»Ν1drunk2inebriated3intoxicated4foolish, silly, beside himself with anger, etc.
πΏππππlΓΌ-SHPΓarch. var.πΌπππππ1shell her own dried corn with the handunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1πππππunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πΏπππ»ΝLOO-weeβΏ1buy something of one's own (buy back)2buy for one's own (people, family)unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πΏπππ·LΓ-zeharch. var.πΌππππ·1get, take, or take away one's own2take his ownunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πΏπππ°LOO-zhaharch. var.πΌππππ°1wash one's own (body parts or possessions)2wash his or her ownunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-
π
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πΌπ°ππ·mahβΏ-HEEβΏ gah-SEHunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ» πΌπ°ππ·1cut the grassThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν1ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν1πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππ·
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν ππ°ππ·mahβΏ-HEEβΏ bah-SEHunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ» ππ°ππ·1cut the grassThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν1πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν1ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ·
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν ππ°ππMAHβΏ-heeβΏ pah-SOOMAHβΏ-heeβΏ pah-SΓ1knife pointunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ°ππ1
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πππΉπmahβΏ-HEEβΏ TOH-hohunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ» πππΉπ1greenblue/green grassThe term toho historically could refer to blue or green. In modern Osage, this term is used to specify green.cfππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πππΉπ π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πππΉππ·πΌπΝ
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πππΉπ π·πΌπΝmahβΏ-HEEβΏ TOH-hoh EH-gohβΏ1greenlike blue/green grassThe term toho historically could refer to blue or green. In modern Osage, this term is used to specify green.cfππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πππΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν πππΉππ·πΌπΝ
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νππ°mahβΏ-HEEβΏ-pah1ragweedbitter grassunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν1ππ°2
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·MAHβΏ-heeβΏ-spehunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ»πππ·1axe2spade (e.g., for gardening)3spades (suit in a deck of cards)cfπΉπ°ππ°Νππ»ππ°πΉπ»1ππ· ππ°πΉπ°π'π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·π°ππ»πππΌπ·ππ°Νππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·ππ»ΝMAHβΏ-heeβΏ-speh-zheeβΏ1hatchetunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νππ°ΝMAHβΏ-heeβΏ-TAHβΏunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν ππ°ΝπΌπ°1superintendant (as of the Osage Agency)2officer or other white person of rank3the government4white person (archaic or rare)big knifeunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ°Ν2
ππ°ΝπΌπ°1mahβΏ-KAHunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°Ν1medicine2aspirin, or any other kind of medicine3peyote
ππ°ΝπΌπ° π°ππ»ΝmahβΏ-KAH ah-THEEβΏunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°Ν π°ππ»Ν1pharmacist2druggist3one who has medicineunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1π°ππ»Ν1
ππ°ΝπΌπ° πππ»πΌ'π·mahβΏ-KAH oh-THEE-k'ehunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°Ν πππ»πΌ'π·1administer a shot or innoculationThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1πππ»πΌ'π·
ππ°ΝπΌπ° ππ»ππ»mahβΏ-KAH PEE-zheeunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°Ν ππ»ππ»1poison2bad medicineunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»
ππ°ΝπΌπ° ππ°πΌπ»mahβΏ-KAH sah-GEE1gayfeatherLiatris punctata2dotted gayfeatherLiatris punctata3Kansas gayfeatherLiatris punctata4blazing starLiatris punctata5dotted button-snake-rootLiatris punctata6starworthard/strong medicineQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 139) that the "roots were stored to be used for their sweetness."unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°πΌπ»
ππ°ΝπΌπ° ππ°ππ·mahβΏ-KAH SAH-behunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ±ππΝπΌπ°ππ±1coffeeblack medicineunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°ππ·
ππ°ΝπΌπ° ππππ·mahβΏ-KAH XOH-beh1sacred medicine2peyote, as used in a peyote meetingunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππππ·
ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ°mahβΏ-KAH-pahunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°Νππ°1pepperbitter medicineunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°2
ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ° ππ°ππ·mahβΏ-KAH-pah SAH-beh1black pepperblack bitter medicineunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°2ππ°ππ·
ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ° ππππ·mahβΏ-KAH-pah ZHOO-dsehunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°Νππ° ππππ·1red pepperunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°2ππππ·
ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ±mahβΏ-KAH-sah-eeunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°ππ·unspec. var. ofππ°ΝπΌπ° ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°ππ·
ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ°ππ·mahβΏ-KAH-thah-TSEHunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°π°ππ·ππ°ΝπΌπ°Νππ°ππ·1Native American Church meeting2peyote meetingeat medicineunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ΝπΌπ· ππππ·MAHβΏ-keh BOO-zeh1tuberculosis2consumptionunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ·ππππ·
ππ°Νππ»ππ»MAHβΏ-pee-zhee1worthless thing2something of no value3bad weather4bad shaft of an arrowbad arrowunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»
ππ°Νππ°ππ·MAHβΏ-sah-sehunspec. var.ππΝππ°ππ·1sauerkrautarrow cuttingsunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form of*ππ·
ππ°ΝππππππmahβΏ-SDOH-sdoh1mudnoun2muddyadjectiveπππ°ΛπΌπ· πΌππ· ππ°Λππππππ.The road is muddy.This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν1
ππ°Νππ°ΝMAHβΏ-shahβΏmahβΏ-SHAHβΏunspec. var.ππ°ΝππΝππΝππΝ1feather2feathers of certain kinds of birds (such as eagle, hawk, and macaw)3fan made of feathers or loose feathers (as used in peyote meetings)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 140) that this term is "not used for more ordinary feathers such as chicken feathers."
ππ°Νππ°Ν πππ»ΝπΌπ·MAHβΏ-shahβΏ oh-THEEβΏ-kehunspec. var.ππΝππΝ πππ»ΝπΌπ·1voteintransitive verb2vote fortransitive verb3endorse, as a checktransitive verbgrasp the featherThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°Νπππ»ΝπΌπ·
ππ°Νππ»MAHβΏ-sheeunspec. var.ππ°ππ»1up above2the arch of heaven3zenith4be upward or upright
ππ°Νππ·ππ°mahβΏ-TSEH-dah1inside2within3interior of anythingunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππ°4
ππ°Νππ»ΝmahβΏ-THEEβΏunspec. var.ππ²ππ·ππ·π»Νππ·Νπ»Ν1walk2go by walking3go by foot4go awayThis term takes on this context when used as a command.5go6go on7get moving8go aheadThe context for this sense is "Go ahead (and do it)."9approach, move in closer10stayππ· ππ°Λππ»Λ.Stay where you are.11act or live a certain way12go around a certain way
ππ°Νππ»Ν πΌπ°ππ·mahβΏ-THEEβΏ GAH-xeh1herd2driveThis term refers to driving animals, not vehicles.force to walkThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ·1
ππ°ΝππΝmahβΏ-THOHβΏunspec. var.ππΝ11steal2rapeOn this term, the second syllable is conjugated as a BRUSH verb for first-person singular and second-person verbs. Other conjugations are conjugated as standard ATHA verbs on the entire term.
ππ°Νππ· π»ΝππππΏπ°ΝMAHβΏ-zeh eeβΏ-SHDOH-lahβΏ1glasses2eyeglasses3spectacles4lorgnette5any device worn over the eye or eyesmetal to place on the eyesunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»Νπππ°ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-
ππ°Νππ· π»ΝππππΏπ°Ν ππ°ππ·MAHβΏ-zeh eeβΏ-SHDOH-lahβΏ SAH-beh1sunglassesblack metal to place on the eyesunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ· π»ΝππππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»Νπππ°ππΏπ°Νππ°ππ·
ππ°Νππ· ππ» ππ°πΌπ°ππ· πΌπ°ππ·MAHβΏ-zeh nee DAH-kah-dseh GAH-xeh1hot water heatermetal for making water hotunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππ»1ππ°πΌπ°ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1
ππ°Νππ· πππΌπ·MAHβΏ-zeh TSOO-geh1metal spoonunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·πππΌπ·
ππ°Νππ· ππ·ππ°ππ·MAHβΏ-zeh WEH-bah-tseh1sewing machinemetal with which to sew stuffunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππ·-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3π»-1ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°Νππ·π»π·MAHβΏ-zeh-EE-eh1radio2recording device3tape recorder4tape player5phone6phone call(something) metal (that) talksunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»π·
ππ°Νππ·π»π· πΉπ»ππ·MAHβΏ-zeh-EE-eh HEE-theh1make a call by phonecause a phone call to arrive thereThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»π·π°πΉπ»-ππ·
ππ°Νππ·π»π· ππΌπ»π·MAHβΏ-zeh-EE-eh oh-KEE-eh1converse by phoneintransitive verb2talk on the phoneintransitive verb3conversation by phonenoun4phone callnounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»π·ππΌπ»π·1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2
ππ°Νππ·π»π· ππΌπ»π· πΉπ»ππ·MAHβΏ-zeh-EE-eh oh-KEE-eh HEE-theh1make an outgoing phone call2call someone to converse on the phonecause a phone call to arrive thereThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»π· ππΌπ»π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·π»π·ππΌπ»π·1π°πΉπ»-ππ·
ππ°Νππ·πΌ'π°Νππ°πΌπ»MAHβΏ-zeh-k'AHβΏ-sah-gee1telegraph2telegraph wire3message sent by wirefast metalunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·πΌ'π°Νππ°πΌπ»
ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°MAHβΏ-zeh-sgahunspec. var.ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ·1money2coin3silverwhite metalunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°1
ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°ππ»MAHβΏ-zeh-skah-tsee1bankunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°1ππ»1
ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ·MAHβΏ-zeh-sgehunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°1unspec. var. ofππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°1
ππ°Νππ°ΝmahβΏ-ZHAHβΏMAHβΏ-zhahβΏunspec. var.ππΝππΝ1earth2world3land4country5countryside6farm7allotmentcfππ°Ν1
ππ°Νππ°Ν ππΌπ°ΝmahβΏ-ZHAHβΏ shkahβΏ1earthquakeearth moveunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°ΝππΌπ°Ν
ππ°Νππ°Ν ππ°πΏπ»ΝMAHβΏ-zhahβΏ THAH-leeβΏ1heavencfππ°πΌπΝππ° ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ°ππ°Νππ°Νππ°ππ°Νππ· ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°Νππ·ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°Νππ°πΏπ»Ν
ππ²πΌπ°MAHβΏ-eeβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππ°Νππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ±πΌπ°ππΝππ»ΝπΌπ°πππΌπ°1soil2ground3earth4clay5mud6dirt
ππ²πΌπ° π»ππ»πππΝπΌπ°MAHβΏ-eeβΏ-kah EE-thee-shdohβΏ-kah1hoewith which to make the earth softunspec. comp. form ofππ²πΌπ°π»-1ππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-πππΝπΌπ°
ππ»Ν1meeβΏunspec. var.ππ»21sun2moon (used in phrases such as "east door, west moon" [a way of running peyote meetings]}
ππ»Ν3meeβΏ1blanket2robe3garment4any item worn like a blanket or robecfπΉπ°ππ»Νπππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ»Ν3ππ°Ν1
ππ»Ν π°ππππ·meeβΏ AH-thu-xehunspec. var.ππ»π°ππ·ππ»π°Νππ·1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (my)2daughter-in-law (son's wife) (your)3daughter-in-law (son's wife) (his/her)Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 143) notes that this term is "vocative and referent, more familiar than wihcini 'daughter-in-law'."While this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.cfπ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν4cont. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°1π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππππ·1
ππ»Ν π»ππΝππ·meeβΏ EE-thohβΏ-beh1sunrise2the emergence of the sunsun appearsunspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν1π»ππΝππ·
ππ»π°ππ·MEE-ah-xehunspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν4cont. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°1π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππππ·1unspec. var. ofππ»Ν π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν4π°ππππ·
ππ»ΝπΉπ°ππ»Νππ·meeβΏ-HAH-sheeβΏ-theh1robe worn with the hair outsideunspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν3πΉπ°ππ»Νππ·
ππ»ΝπΌπ°1MEEβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππ»1ππ»Νπ°ππ»π·ππ»Νπ·ππ»πΌπ°cont. var.ππ»Ν41femalenoun2femaleadjective3female (of animals)adjective
ππ»πΌπ°πΌ'π· ππππ°ππ·mee-KAH-k'eh oh-XBAH-theh1falling star2meteorunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°πΌ'π·ππππ°ππ·
ππ»πΌπ°πΌ'π· πππ°ΝπΌπ·mee-KAH-k'eh OH-zhahβΏ-keh1orbit of starstar pathunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°πΌ'π·πππ°ΝπΌπ·
ππ»πΌπ°πΌ'π·ππ°Νmee-KAH-k'eh-tahβΏ1morning starunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°πΌ'π·ππ°Ν2
ππ»ΝπΌππ·meeβΏ-KSHEH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 1st singular sitting or lying down subjectIn one respect, this term can be thought of almost like how adding -ing to a verb in English indicates an ongoing action. Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 148) that this term "is sometimes used for 1st sg. subjects that are not lying down; hence it can be regarded as the default 1st sg. continuative marker."cfππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ»ππ°MEE-nah1daughter (first) (my)2daughter (first) (your)3daughter (first) (his/her)4eldest daughterQuintero (Osage Dictionary, page 144) notes, "This is a special kinship term. This term is used by a father and mother for their first daughter. The term is also used by other members of the family. It is not a personal name, it is, however, a gentile name, by which she may be addressed by anybody." This term is also specific to the Pawhuska district.cfπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°π°ππ»ππ»Νππ°πΌ'πππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°πΌ'πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°Ν2ππ»πΉπ·ππ»πΉπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπ·ππ»ππ°
ππ»πΝππ°MEE-ohβΏ-bahunspec. comp. form ofππ»2unspec. var. ofππ»Ν1ππΝππ°unspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΝππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν1ππΝππ°
ππ»ΝπΝππ°MEEβΏ-ohβΏ-bahunspec. var.ππ»πΝππ°1moon2month3month's timesecond sununspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν1ππΝππ°
ππ»Νππ·πΌπ°ΝMEEβΏ-dseh-kahβΏ1bowstring2triggerunspec. comp. form ofππ»Νππ·πΌπ°Ν
ππ»ππ° ππΌπ°MEE-xah sgah1swanwhite duckunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ°ππΌπ°1
ππ»ππ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°MEE-xah TAHβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππ»ππ° ππ°ΝπΌπ·1goose2big goose3big duckbig duckunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ»πππΌπ·mee-XOH-gehunspec. var.ππ»π°πππΌπ·1homosexual2lesbian3gay personQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 144) that "for some, this term refers only to males."
ππΝπΌπ°ππ±mohβΏ-KAH-sah-eeunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°ππ·unspec. var. ofππ°ΝπΌπ° ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1ππ°ππ·
ππΝπΌπ· ππ» ππ°ΝMOHβΏ-keh zee tahβΏ1meadowlarklarge yellow chestunspec. comp. form ofππΝπΌπ·unspec. var. ofππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ°Ν2
ππππΌππΌπ·moo-SKOH-geh1Creek Indianscfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
π
ππ°Ν2nahβΏ1now2but3well4I wonderQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 149) that, "Used at the beginning of the sentence, nΔ
adds a speculative tone to an otherwise simple question and is often glossed as 'wonder'."cfπ·ππ°Ν2πΉπ°3
ππ°Ν3nahβΏunspec. var.ππ°2ππΝ31always2repeatedly3habitually4customarily5usually6recurringly7continually8continue to9used tocfπΉπ°ππ»πππ°Ν
ππ°Νπ΄πΝπ΄πΝππ·nahβΏ-BROHβΏ-brohβΏ-seharch. var.ππ°ΝπππΝπππΝππ·1make ice crack repeatedly by walking on itThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-
ππ°ΝπΉπ°NAHβΏ-hahnahβΏ-HAH1bark of a tree2outer bark of a tree3boardcfππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΉπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν5πΉπ°1
ππ°ΝπΉπ° π°ππ°ΝπΌππΌπ·NAHβΏ-hah AH-nahβΏ-KOH-gehnahβΏ-HAH AH-nahβΏ-KOH-geharch. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ° π°ππ°ΝπΌππΌπ·1plank2board3floorboard4floorunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν5πΉπ°1π°ππ°ΝπΌππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ°Ν-πΌππΌπ·
ππ°ΝπΉπ° π΄π°πΌ'π°NAHβΏ-hah BRAH-k'ahunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ° πππ°πΌ'π°1board2plank3lumberunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν5πΉπ°1π΄π°πΌ'π°
ππ°ΝπΉπ° π»Νππ»NAHβΏ-hah EEβΏ-tseeunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ° π»ππ»1bark lodgeunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν5πΉπ°1π»Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Νππ»1
ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΏπ·NAHβΏ-kah-leharch. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌππ·1saddleunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°1π°πΏπ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
ππ°ΝπΌ'πΝnahβΏ-k'OHβΏunspec. var.ππΛπΌ'πΝarch. var.ππ°πΌ'πΝ1hear2hear about3understand
ππ°ΝπΌππ°ππ·nahβΏ-KXAH-shehunspec. var.ππ°πΌππ°ππ·ππ°πΌππ°Νππ·ππ°ΝπΌππ°Νππ·arch. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ·1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 2nd plural (i.e., plural addressee) sitting subject2ye whoThis is the second-person conjugation of thaβΏkxa. Since thaβΏkxa is inherently plural, so is this term, which expresses "you-all."cfππ°ΝπΌππ°
ππ°ΝπΏπ·πΌπ·nahβΏ-LEH-gehunspec. var.ππ°πΉπΏπ·πΌπ·ππ°πΏπ·πΌπ·1shatter by foot or with the footcfπΌπ°πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πΏπ·πΌπ·ππ°πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-πΏπ·πΌπ·
ππ°Νππ°ΝNAHβΏ-nahβΏunspec. var.ππ°ππ°1on and on2continually3keep on with the action of the verbThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν3
ππ°Νππ»ΝπΝππ°nahβΏ-NEEβΏ-ohβΏ-bah1pipe2smokeThe idea of smoke here refers to the idea of something like a cigarette. For example, "I'm going to go get some smokes." This term does not refer to the smoke that comes from a fire.
ππ°Νππ»ΝπΝππ° πΌπ°ππ·nahβΏ-NEEβΏ-ohβΏ-bah GAH-xeh1make a smoke2roll a cigaretteThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ»ΝπΝππ°πΌπ°ππ·1
ππ°ππnah-NΓunspec. var.ππ°Νππ1tobaccoππ°ππ π΄π°ππΌπ»πΌπ·I chew tobacco.cfππ°ΝπππΉπ
ππ°ππ ππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·nah-NΓ thah-SHGEE-gehunspec. var.ππ°Νππ ππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·1chew tobaccoππ°ππ π΄π°ππΌπ»πΌπ·I chew tobacco.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππΌπ»πΌπ·
ππ°Νππ ππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·NAHβΏ-noo thah-SHGEE-gehNAHβΏ-nΓΌ thah-SHGEE-gehThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππunspec. var. ofππ°ππππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. var. ofππ°ππ ππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·
ππ°Νππ°ππ·nahβΏ-BAH-xeh1break a cord or string in two with the footcfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·
ππ°ΝππππΌπ·nahβΏ-PXOH-keharch. var.ππ°ΝπππΌπ·ππ°ΝππππΌπ·1make an object burst open with a popping sound, by treading or jumping on itcfπΌπ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππΌπ·ππ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·ππ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππππΌπ·
ππ°Νππ»πΌπ·nahβΏ-SEE-geh1make earth, snow, etc., fly in all directions by kickingcfπΌπ°ππ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-
ππ°Νππ°ππnahβΏ-SHAH-thoharch. var.ππ°Νππ°ππ1make small bells, on the clothing, etc., rattle when the wearer dancescfππ°Νππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππππ·ππ°ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-
ππ°Νππππ·nahβΏ-SHOH-weharch. var.ππ°Νππππ·1make small bells, as on clothing or moccasins, rattle, when the wearer dancescfππ°Νππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππππ·
ππ°Νππ°ΝnahβΏ-TAHβΏunspec. var.ππ°Νππ°1ear2external ear3ear (of a person or animal)4outer part of ear5earlobecfππ°Νππππ·
ππ°Νππ°Νππ°ΝπΌπ°nahβΏ-TAHβΏ-TAHβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππ°Νππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°cont. var.ππ°Νππ°Νππ°Ν1mule2jake mule3donkey4burro5assbig earsWhile this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.cfπΌπ°ππ° ππ°Νππ° πππ·π·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ°Νππ°πππ·π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°Νππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ°Νππ°ππ°nahβΏ-TAH-thaharch. var.ππ°Νπ'π°ππ°1scatter in pieces, as wood or snow, by kicking or treading onunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ°
ππ°Νπππ°ππ»nahβΏ-TXAH-zhee1not aptcfππ°Νππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1π°ππ»ππ°Νπ΅π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1π°ππ»
ππ°Νππ°ππ»nahβΏ-TSAH-zhee1not aptcfππ°Νπππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1π°ππ»ππ°Νπ΅π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1π°ππ»
ππ°Νππ°πΉπ ππ»π·NAHβΏ-xah-hΓΌ NEE-ehunspec. var.ππΝππ°πΉπ» ππ»π·1backacheThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.This term uses both the standard (ATHA) and adjective conjugations. It is almost certain that the adjective conjugations were the original way to handle this term, with modern Osage speakers also conjugating this term as a verb.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°πΉπππ»π·2
ππ°Νππ· ππ°ππ·ππ»NAHβΏ-xeh bah-ZEH-nee1ice creamice milkunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1ππ°ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1ππ»1
ππ°Νππ·πππNAHβΏ-xeh-oh-ZHOONAHβΏ-xeh-oh-ZHΓ1refrigerator2icebox3cooler4ice chestcfππ°Νππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1ππ»1unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1πππ
ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°NAHβΏ-xeh-sgahunspec. var.ππΝππ·ππΌπ°1sober2not drunk3clear-minded4in one's right mind5staid6dignified7clearness of mind8return to consciousness9sanespirit clearOn this word, it is the "sga" that is conjugated.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππΌπ°3unspec. var. ofππΌπ°πΉπ°
ππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°ππ»NAHβΏ-xeh-SGAH-zheeunspec. var.ππΝππ·ππΌπ°ππ»1be stupefied from fright after talking with or dreaming of spirits2become dizzyFor this word, it is the "sga" and "azhi" that need to be conjugated properly.This term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·ππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππΌπ°3π°ππ»
ππ°Νππ·ππ»NAHβΏ-xeh-tsee1refrigerator2icebox3cooler4ice chestice housecfππ°Νππ·πππunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1πππunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1ππ»1
ππ°Νππ·ππ»ΝNAHβΏ-xeh-zheeβΏ1sleetnoun2sleetintransitive verbππ°Λππ·ππ»Λ π°πΌππ°.It's sleeting.small icecfππ»ππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππ°3unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°ΝππΝnahβΏ-XOHβΏunspec. var.ππ°ππΝ1break by foot2break with the footcfπΌπ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππΝππ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝππ»ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππΝ
ππ°Νππππ·nahβΏ-XOO-dseh1ear2inner ear3act of hearing, understanding, paying attention, heeding advicecfππ°Νππ°Ν
ππ°Νππππ· ππ»π·nahβΏ-XOO-dseh NEE-eh1have an earacheverb2earachenounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.This term uses both the standard (ATHA) and adjective conjugations. It is almost certain that the adjective conjugations were the original way to handle this term, with modern Osage speakers also conjugating this term as a verb.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππππ·ππ»π·2
ππ°Νππππ· ππ·πΌπ°nahβΏ-XOO-dseh XEH-gah1deafunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππππ·ππ·πΌπ°
ππ°Νππ»ΝnahβΏ-ZHEEβΏunspec. var.ππ°ππ»Νππ°Νππ»1standintransitive verb2be standingintransitive verb3stand upintransitive verb4get upintransitive verb5rise to his feetintransitive verb6terminate ongoing activity preparatory to departingintransitive verb7come to a stopintransitive verb8stop, cause to stop (e.g., a motor or something engaged in an activity)transitive verb9halt, detain someone who is passing bytransitive verb
ππ»1neeunspec. var.ππ»Ν21water2any fluid3liquid4sapLa Flesche (page 105) notes that this is "the water that courses through the various parts of a tree or other plants."5river6rivulet7creek
ππ»4neeunspec. var.ππ»π·31be well or all right2be in good health3exist4live5be alive6be living
ππ»Ν3neeβΏunspec. var.ππ»2ππ»π·1ππ»Νπ·1you are/wereππ°ππ°Λ ππ°Λππ°ΛπΏπ° ππ»Λπ·?What clan are you?2you are/were a certain way or a certain thing3you live(d) or exist(ed) as4you are/were characterized by a quality
ππ» π°ππππ·NEE AH-boo-xeh1beerboiling or foaming water or liquidQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 156) that this term is archaic.cfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°ππ°ππ·ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»1π°ππππ·
ππ» πΌπ°π΄π°ππ·NEE gah-BRAH-xeharch. var.ππ» πΌπ°πππ°ππ·1wave2waves3wave or waves driven by the windcfππ» ππππunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππunspec. comp. form ofππ»1πΌπ°-
ππ» πΌ'π ππ°ππΝNEE k'oo wah-THOHβΏarch. var.ππ» πΌ'π ππ°ππΝ1songs of the giving of life: the name of the first degree of the Osage secret societyunspec. comp. form ofππ»4πΌ'πππ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3
ππ» πππππ»nee BOH-stseearch. var.ππ» πππππ»1fire extinguisherunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ-
ππ» ππππNEE bΓΌ-SHOHarch. var.ππ» ππππ1wavecfππ» πΌπ°π΄π°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»1πΌπ°-unspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππunspec. comp. form ofππ-1
ππ» ππ°ΝπΌπ°NEE TAHβΏ-kahcont. var.ππ» ππ°Ν1ocean2sea3Mississippi Riverbig waterunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ» π'π°ππ·NEE ts'AH-theh1vinegarsour waterunspec. comp. form ofππ»1π'π°ππ·
ππ» ππ·π'π°NEE WEH-ts'ah1water moccasinunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ·π'π°
ππ» ππππ·NEE ZHΓ-dseh1Arkansas Riverred waterunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππ·
ππ»π° πππ'π°πΌπ·nee-AH thΓΌ-ts'AH-geh1be unable to get his breathThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ»π°πππ'π°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*π'π°πΌπ·
ππ»π·2NEE-eh1hurt2experience painThis term uses both the standard (ATHA) and adjective conjugations. It is almost certain that the adjective conjugations were the original way to handle this term, with modern Osage speakers also conjugating this term as a verb.
ππ»πΉπ°nee-HAH1algae2surface of waterQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 156) that this term "perhaps 'superficial appearance of a body of water'".water's skin/surfaceunspec. comp. form ofππ»1πΉπ°1
ππ»πΌπ°NEE-kah1man2person3husband (my)cfππ»πΌπ°ππ»Νπ°cont. var. ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°
ππ»πΌπ° π»ππ°NEE-kah EE-tah1husband (his/her)cfππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°π'π±ππ»Ν π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νπ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°π»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
ππ»πΌπ° ππ°ππ·NEE-kah SAH-beh1black person2African Americanunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ·
ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°NEE-kah THEE-tah1husband (your)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 155) that "nihka Γ°ihta is perferred over Γ°inihka."cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·ππ»πΌπ° π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°π»ππ°1ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°π'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°NEE-kah WEE-tah1husband (my)cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·ππ»πΌπ° π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°π»ππ°1ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°π'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ»πΌπ° ππππ·NEE-kah ZHOO-dseh1Indian2Indians'red man' or 'red people'unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππππ·
ππ»πΌπ°ππππΌπ·nee-GAH-pxoh-keh1soda pop2soft drinkunspec. comp. form ofππ»1πΌπ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππΌπ·
ππ»πΌπ°ππ» πππ°Νππ»ΝNEE-kah-shee oh-NAHβΏ-zheeβΏarch. var.ππ»πΌπ°ππ» πππ°ππ»Ν1pupil of the eyethat in which a man standsunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»cont. var. ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°πππ°Νππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ°Νππ»Ν
ππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°NEE-kah-shee-gahunspec. var.ππ»πΌ'π°ππ»Νπ°ππ»πΌ'π°ππ»ΝπΌπ°cont. var.ππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°ππ»Νπ°ππ»πΌπ°ππ»π·1the peoplenoun2a peoplenoun3mannoun4personnoun5be a manintransitive verb6be human beingsintransitive verb
ππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°ππ·NEE-kah-SHEE-gah-theh1cause him to be a human being or manunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°-ππ·
ππ»ΝπΌππ·neeβΏ-KSHEHunspec. var.ππ»ΝπΌππ»1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 2nd singular sitting subject2you are characterized by [the preceding expression, which may be a noun phrase]3you who are4you who sitIn one respect, this term can be thought of almost like how adding -ing to a verb in English indicates an ongoing action. Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 158) that this term "is sometimes used for 2nd sg. subjects that are not sitting; hence it can be regarded as the default 2nd sg. continuative marker."cfππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ»πΏπΝππ·NEE-lohβΏ-zehnee-LOHβΏ-zeharch. var.ππ»πΌππΝππ·1scrambled2soft, as mud mixed with much water3miry
ππ»ππ»1NEE-nee1cold (used for inanimates only)2cool to the touch3cool, as weather4cool weathercfππ»ππ·
ππ»ππ»2NEE-neeunspec. var.ππ»ππ»Ν1spring, well (sources of water)2spring3wellunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ»ππ»1
ππ»ππΌπππ·NEE-sgoo-thehnee-SGOO-thehunspec. var.ππ»ππΌπππ»ππΌππ·1salt2rock saltsweet waterunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππΌπππ·
ππ»ππΌπππΌπnee-SHGOH-shgoharch. var.ππ»ππΌπππΌπ1martinDorsey notes that this is "a bird of the swallow family."
ππ»ππππ·NEE-shoh-dseh1drizzle2mist3gray rain4hazewater - smokecfππ»ππ ππππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππππ°Νππ»ππ ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππ·
ππ»ππ°ππ°nee-DAH-pahNEE-DAH-pah1pondround waterunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ°ππ°
ππ»ππ·NEE-tsehunspec. var.ππ»ππ»1cold2feel cold (animate subject)3be cold, as a person or animalThis term is conjugated after ni-. For example, niaβΏtse - I am cold.cfππ»ππ»1
ππ»Νππ·NEEβΏ-dseh1rump2buttocksWhile this term is found in various sources, the term oβΏbe is preferred.cfπΝππ·
ππ»Νππ· ππ» ππ°ΝπΌπ°NEEβΏ-dseh zee TAHβΏ-kah1bumblebeecfπΌπ»πΏπΝππ· ππ°Νππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»Νππ·ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ»ππ·2NEE-theh1give away2divest oneself of3be out of4be lackingunspec. comp. form of-ππ·
ππ»ππππ·nee-XOH-dsehNEE-xoh-dseharch. var.ππ»ππππ·1ashesunspec. comp. form ofππππ·
ππ»ππNEE-zhoonee-ZHOOarch. var.ππππ1rainnoun2rainverbunspec. comp. form ofππ»1
ππ»ππ ππππ°ΝNEE-zhoo XOH-tahβΏ1drizzle2mist3fine raindropssmall raincfππ»ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππ·ππ»ππ ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππ°Ν
ππ»ππ ππππ·NEE-zhoo XOH-dseh1drizzle2mistgray raincfππ»ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππ·ππ»ππ ππππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππππ·
ππ»ππππ°nee-ZHOO-bah1sleetrainy snowcfππ°Νππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ°3
ππ»ππππ· πΌπ°Νππ·nee-ZHOO-dseh KAHβΏ-dsehunspec. var.ππ»πππ· πΌπ°Νππ·1plumriver applecfπΌπ°Νππ· ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππ·πΌπ°Νππ·
ππ»ππππ»ΝNEE-zhoo-ZHEEβΏ1a rain showersmall rainunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππΝ1nohβΏunspec. var.ππΝπ·arch. var.ππΝ1be oldintransitive verb2grow up to adulthoodintransitive verb3matureintransitive verb4grownadjective5olderadjective6adulthoodnoun7grownupsnoun8adultsnoun9old folksnoun10elders in times pastnoun11old onesnoun12advanced agenoun13old agenoun
ππΝπ΄π·NOHβΏ-breharch. var.ππΝπππ·1eat2eat as when hungry3consumecfππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππΝππ°ππ»NOHβΏ-pah-zheearch. var.ππΝππ°ππ»1not to be afraid to face danger2unafraid3fearlessThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.This particular verb is conjugated AFTER the first syllable.unspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·2π°ππ»
ππΝππ·1nohβΏ-BEHNOHβΏ-beh1palm of the hand2fist3hand4hands5pawThis term is rarely used to express hand in modern Osage. Usually shage is used.cfππ°πΌπ·1
ππΝππ·2NOHβΏ-pehunspec. var.ππΝππ»arch. var.ππΝππ·1fear to face dangerintransitive verb2be afraid or scaredintransitive verb3fear seen dangertransitive verb4be afraid oftransitive verb5be scared oftransitive verb6feartransitive verbThis particular verb is conjugated AFTER the first syllable.
ππΝππ· π'π»Νππ°nohβΏ-BEH ts'EEβΏ-shah1bent or cramped handunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·1π'π»Νππ°
ππΝππ·πΉπ»NOHβΏ-peh-heearch. var.ππΝππ·πΉπ»1hungry2be hungryThis term is inflected after the second syllable. For example, noβΏpeaβΏhi (I am hungry), noβΏpethihi (you are hungry), etc. However, this term commonly appears uninflected. For example, "I am hungry" can also be expressed as noβΏpehi aβΏhe.
ππΝππ·ππ°ππ·NOHβΏ-peh-WAH-thehunspec. var.ππΝππ·ππ°π·ππΝππ·ππ±ππΝππ·ππ·arch. var.ππΝππ·ππ°ππ·1dangerous (to behold)verb2be scaryverb3make folks fearfulverb4fearful thingnoun5something to be afraid ofnoun6Fearful Onenpropmake folks be afraidunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·2-ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3-ππ·
ππΝπ'π»ΝnohβΏ-p'EEβΏNOHβΏ-p'eeβΏarch. var.ππΝπ'π»Ν1wear around the neck2wear a necklace
ππΝππ·NOHβΏ-theharch. var.ππΝππ·1cause to reach maturity2raise or bring upunspec. comp. form ofππΝ1-ππ·
π
π1oharch. var.π°π21masculine oral period, used when the one addressed is nearbyMalecfπ»Νππ°ππ2ππ°Ν4
πΝ2ohβΏ1do, engage in (an activity)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 189) that this term has "rare usage."
ππΉπ»ππ°oh-HEE-thah1bathtubnoun2place to bathetransitive verb3place to swimtransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofπ-πΉπ»ππ°
ππΉπ»ππ°ππ»oh-HEE-thah-tsee1bath houseunspec. comp. form ofππΉπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ-πΉπ»ππ°ππ»1
ππΉπΏπ°ππ·oh-HLAH-beharch. var.ππππ°ππ·1brush2thicket3undergrowth4dense forest5grove6woods
ππΉπΏπ°ππ»oh-HLAH-zheeunspec. var.ππΏπ°ππ»ππΏπ°Νππ»arch. var.ππππ°ππ»1not to reach to, overtake, etc.2be smaller than3secondary4of less importance5inferior6failure to beat in a race7do something not quite right, do imperfectly, make a poor performance of or fail at8fall short, fail, miss the mark9not up to par, inferior, poor, subpar, inadequateThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofππΉπΏπ·π°ππ»
ππΉπΏπ·oh-HLEHunspec. var.ππΏπ·1arch. var.ππππ·1chase2chase away3run off4overtake5reach to
ππΉπΏππΌ'π°oh-HLOH-k'ahunspec. var.πππππΌ'π°arch. var.πππππΌ'π°1hollow, as a tree or logadjective2hollow tree or lognoun3hollownoun
πΝπΉπOHβΏ-hooOHβΏ-hΓΌunspec. var.πΝπΉπ1hazelThis term refers to the hazel tree (or bush), not the eye color.unspec. comp. form ofπΝ3πΉπ1
ππΌ'π°ΝOH-k'ahβΏoh-k'AHβΏ1put on a programintransitive verb2hold an eventintransitive verb3have a "doings"intransitive verb4act liketransitive verb5actnoun6deednoun7waysnoun8customnoun9personalitynoun10personal characteristicsnoun
ππΌπ°ΝππΌπ°oh-KAHβΏ-sgahOH-kahβΏ-sgahunspec. var.ππΌπ°ππΌπ°ππΌπΝππΌπ°arch. var.ππΌπ°ΝππΌπ°1middle2in the center3at the halfway point4the middle of one5in the middle6in a straight line with another
ππΌπ°ΝππΌπ° πππ»Νoh-KAHβΏ-sgah oh-TSEEβΏarch. var.ππΌπ°ΝππΌπ° πππ»Ν1hit the object in the middle2hit the markThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°ΝππΌπ°πππ»Ν
ππΌπ°ππ°Ν1OH-gah-shahβΏ1take charge of things in general for anotherVerbs beginning in o- often have stress on the next syllable, but when the valence reducer wa- is added, it is absorbed in o- and gains stress.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΌπ°ππ°Ν2
ππΌπ°ππ°Ν2oh-GAH-shahβΏunspec. var.ππΌπ°ππ°1take care of or handle something specific for someonetransitive verb2take charge of, undertake, supervise or have the responsibility for something specific in response to a formal request (e.g., taking care of the food for an event)transitive verb3go on an errandintransitive verb4set out on or undertake a new task under one's chargeintransitive verb
ππΌπ»π·1oh-KEE-eh1converse with2interview3talk with or to4call on the telephoneQuintero notes on page 170 of her Osage Dictionary that this term was, "originally a reciprocal form 'speak with each other, converse', but not used regularly as a transitive form."unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2
ππΌπ»π·2oh-KEE-eh1get-together2meeting of a group of people to converseunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2
ππΌπ»πππ·oh-GEE-psheh1follow one's own2be true to one's own3obey one's ownunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππππ·
ππΏπ°Νoh-LAHβΏ1put into2place inside of3pour round items into (e.g., fruit into pies)4add items to cooking5pour liquid intocfπ°πΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2π°πΏπ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΏπ·2unspec. comp. form ofπ-unspec. comp. form ofπ-
ππΏπ°ΝπΌπ·1OH-lahβΏ-keh1hat, head cover, item worn on the headunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΏπ°ΝπΌπ·2
ππΏπ°ΝπΌπ·2oh-LAHβΏ-keh1wear on the head, put on the head, don as a hattransitive verb2with the head coveredadjective
ππΏπ°ππ»oh-LAH-zheeunspec. comp. form ofππΉπΏπ·π°ππ»unspec. var. ofππΉπΏπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππΉπΏπ·π°ππ»
ππΏπ°Νππ»oh-LAHβΏ-zhiunspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»unspec. var. ofππΉπΏπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππΉπΏπ·π°ππ»
ππΏπ·2oh-LEHarch. var.ππΌππ·1put a curvilinear object, book, paper, etc., into a long drawer2stand an object in a room, as to put a tall stove into a room, or a tall object into a barrelcfπ°πΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2π°πΏπ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-unspec. comp. form ofπ-
ππΏπ»Νoh-LEEβΏ1sit incfπ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-πΏπ»Ν
πππ»ππ·oh-MEE-zhehunspec. var.πππ»Νππ·1blanket2quilt3bedclothes4bedding5rug6carpet7mattress8palletcfπΉπ°ππ»Νππ»Ν3unspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ»Ν3ππ°Ν1
πππ°Νππ»Νoh-NAHβΏ-zheeβΏarch. var.πππ°ππ»Ν1stand in anythingunspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ°Νππ»Ν
πππ·oh-PEHOH-pehunspec. var.πππ·ππ»Ν1enter or go in/into2enter formally (as into a peyote meeting)
ππππ°ππ»oh-PSHAH-zhee1disobeyThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofππππ·π°ππ»
ππππ°Ν πΉπ»Ν π·πΌπΝOH-pxahβΏ heeβΏ eh-GOHβΏ1light brown2dun coloredlike the color of elkunspec. comp. form ofππππ°Ν2πΉπ»Ν3π·πΌπΝ
πππΌπ»OH-skee1arch of the footcfππ»πππΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»πππΌπ»
ππππ·oh-SHDSEHunspec. var.ππππ·πππ΅π·1remainintransitive verb2be left or left overintransitive verb3leave (as leftovers)transitive verb4sparetransitive verb5remaindernoun6restnoun7leftover amountnoun
πππ°Νππ°Νoh-TAHβΏ-nahβΏunspec. var.πππ°Νππ°1between2in between3the space between things
πππ°ππ°ππ»oh-TAH-zah-zhee1ugly2homely3not pretty or handsomeunspec. comp. form ofπππ°ππ°π°ππ»
πππ·oh-DSEH1look for or search for something or someone (for one's own purposes, not because it or he/she was previously lost)
πΝππ°OHβΏ-thahunspec. var.πππ°ππ·1throw away2throw3leave or quit someone4discard someone or something5toss outcfπΝππ·
πππ°πΉπ°oh-THAH-hahunspec. var.ππΏπ°πΉπ°1follow (e.g., a path, a person, God's word, a car, or a horse)transitive verb2follow, either directly, or some time aftertransitive verb3accompanytransitive verb4be behindintransitive verb5be attached to the backintransitive verb6be hanging (on the back of or behind something else)intransitive verb
πππ°πΌπ·1oh-THAH-geh1tell (e.g., news, stories)2relate3narrate4recite5state6proclaim7inform8say sounspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
πππ°πΌπ·2OH-thah-geh1tell thingsintransitive verb2informintransitive verb3storynoun4talenoun5legendnoun6narrativenoun7telling of somethingnoun8reporting of newsnounVerbs beginning in o- often have stress on the next syllable, but when the valence reducer wa- is added, it is absorbed in o- and gains stress.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3πππ°πΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
πππ°πΌπ· ππ°πΏπ·ππ·OH-thah-geh wah-LEH-zeh1newspaper2letter3magazinedocument with writings that tells thingsunspec. comp. form ofπππ°πΌπ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3πππ°πΌπ·1ππ°πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3πΏπ·ππ·
πππ°πππ·1oh-THAH-shdseh1leave by mouth (e.g., remaining food)unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
πππ°πππ·2OH-thah-shdseh1lunchnoun2food taken home from a feastnoun3leave some as a remainder by mouthintransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3πππ°πππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
πΝππ·OHβΏ-theh1throw away2discard3leave behind4remove, as from office5quit someone6divorce or separate fromcfπΝππ°
πππ»ΝπΌπ·oh-THEEβΏ-keh1catch (a person or an animal)2grasp3hug4embrace5take or have hold of6take hold of someone's body part
πππ»ππ» ππ»ΝπΌπ°oh-THEE-nee ZHEEβΏ-kah1parasolunspec. comp. form ofπππ»ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ°
πππ»ππ»oh-THEE-shee1wrap2cover (for a tipi, sweat house, pillow, etc.)unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
πππ»ππ°Νoh-THEE-dahβΏ1rein a horse that is running2restrain, as pulling the reinsunspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ»ππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3
ππππΉπ°oo-THOO-haharch. var.ππππΉπ°1almost2nearlycfπΉπππ»πππΉπ°
πππππ»oh-THOH-sheeunspec. var.πππ»ππ»Ν1in the way2in front of and blocking
πππππ°Ν2OH-thoh-tahβΏunspec. var.πππππ°21behaveintransitive verb2straightadjective3virtuousadjective4behaviornoun5good behaviornoun6acting with rectitude (may refer to conduct of the moment or to long-term behavior)noun
πππ·OH-weh1groceries2garden3cultivated area4field planted for harvest5greens6vegetables7produce
πππ· ππ°Νππ°ΝOH-xeh mahβΏ-ZHAHβΏ1burial groundunspec. comp. form ofπππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ·1ππ°Νππ°Ν
ππππ°ππ·oh-XBAH-theh1fall from a heightintransitive verb2get lostintransitive verb3become lostintransitive verb4be lostintransitive verb5lose (something specific or someone specific)transitive verbThis particular term is listed as a verb, but it is conjugated as an adjective.
ππππ°OH-xdah1precious2dear or beloved3valuable4marvelous5pleasing6mysterious7lovable8important9special10right11respectable
ππππ° πΌπ°ππ·OH-xdah GAH-xeh1hold sacred2consider precious3regard as holy4prize highly5hold a thing as precious or valuableThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππππ°-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππππ°πΌπ°ππ·1
ππππ°ππ·OH-xdah-theh1be fond of a person2likeππ°ππππΌπ° ππ»ππ° ππππ°π°πΌπ»ππ·.I like my school-teacher.3make precious, special, or importantcfππππ° πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππππ°πΌπ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππππ°-ππ·
πππ°ΝOH-zhahβΏ1lie abed, lie downverb2lie down intransitive verb3bed, place one lies innouncfπ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ°Ν1
πππ°ΝπΌπ·OH-zhahβΏ-kehoh-ZHAHβΏ-keh1road, highway, thoroughfare, route, path, pathway, orbit
πππ·ππ»oh-ZHEH-tsee1bathroom, toilet room, john, water closet, outhouseunspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ·1ππ»1
πππoh-ZHOOoh-ZHΓ1put intransitive verb2pour or serve liquids or small solids such as beanstransitive verb3pour for someonetransitive verb4plant or sow (e.g., seed in the ground)transitive verbQuintero adds (Osage Dictionary, page 181) "'put in' plants".5receptaclenoun6containernoun7bottlenoun8cupnoun9bowlnoun10jarnoun11shakernoun12holder (for pourable dry or liquid substances)nounWhen used as a noun describe the kind of container, Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 181) that "ooΕΎΓΊ follows the noun naming the filler substance."
π
ππ°4bah1positional article for plural nonsubjectcfπΌπ·2πΌππ·ππ·1πππ°Νππ·1ππ°Νππ·1ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ° πΉπππ·bah HOO-theh1snow, snowfall, snow coming down, falling snownoun2snowintransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofππ°3
ππ° π»ππ°ππ·pah ee-TAH-xeh1tip of the nosecfππ°ππππ· π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°1π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°1π»ππ°ππ·
ππ° πΌπ°ππ»PAH gah-ZHEE1blow one's noseunspec. comp. form ofππ°1πΌπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-
ππ° πππΌπ°pah DOH-kah1Comanche (tribe or tribal member)2Kiowa (tribe or tribal member)'wet noses' or 'dew on the head'cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1
ππ°π΄π°Νbah-BRAHβΏarch. var.ππ°πππ°Ν1make a bad odor arise from a corpse, etc., by pushing against it with a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π°Ν
ππ°π΄π°πΌ'π°1BAH-brah-k'aharch. var.ππ°πππ°πΌ'π°21flatten by cutting2make flat by using a sharp edge3plane (as wood with a woodplane)4make a piece of wood have a flat surface by cutting it with a knife, or sawcfππ°π΄π°πΌ'π°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π°πΌ'π°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2π΄π°πΌ'π°
ππ°π΄π°πΌ'π°2bah-BRAH-k'aharch. var.ππ°πππ°πΌ'π°11plane a flat surface on a board or piece of woodcfππ°π΄π°πΌ'π°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2π΄π°πΌ'π°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π°πΌ'π°
ππ°π΄π°ππ·1BAH-brah-zeharch. var.ππ°πππ°ππ·11slit or cut open a skin, etc., by drawing a knife blade across itcfππ°π΄π°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2π΄π°ππ·
ππ°π΄π°ππ·2bah-BRAH-zeharch. var.ππ°πππ°ππ·21slit or cut open a skin by pushing the point of a knife along itcfππ°π΄π°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2π΄π°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π°ππ·
ππ°π΄π·πΌπ°1BAH-breh-kaharch. var.ππ°πππ·πΌπ°11cut meat in thin slices for drying, etc.cfππ°π΄π·πΌπ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2π΄π·πΌπ°
ππ°π΄π·πΌπ°2bah-BREH-kaharch. var.ππ°πππ·πΌπ°21make thin by planningcfππ°π΄π·πΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2π΄π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π·πΌπ°
ππ°π΄π·ππ°ππ°Νbah-BREH-zah-thahβΏarch. var.ππ°πππ·ππ°ππ°Ν1make droop, as a plant by pushing or punching (with the end of the stick held firmly against the object)unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1π΄π·ππ°ππ°Νunspec. var. ofπ΄π·ππ°Νππ°
ππ°π΄πΝππ·bah-BROHβΏ-seharch. var.ππ°πππΝππ·1make ice, etc., give a crunching sound by pushing it with a stick, etc., held firmly against itcfππ°Νπ΄πΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΉπ°Νbah-HAHβΏunspec. var.ππ°πΉπ°11raise2hold up3raise any object (light or heavy) by pushing or burrowingcfππ»πΉπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΉπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΉπ°Ν
ππ°πΉπ°ΝπΏπ·pah-HAHβΏ-leharch. var.ππ°πΉπ°ΝπΌππ·1first2first in line3at the outset4from the beginning5before
ππ°πΉπ°ΝπΏπ·πππ»pah-HAHβΏ-leh-xdseearch. var.ππ°πΉπ°ΝπΌππ·πππ»1the very first2at the very firstunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΉπ°ΝπΏπ·-πππ»
ππ°πΉπ·bah-HEH1hill2bluff3high hill4mountainDorsey notes that this is an archaic term, and that the modern term is baxo.cfππ°ππ1
ππ°πΉπ»1bah-HEE1diamonds (suit in a deck of cards)cfπΉπ°ππ°Νππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ· ππ°πΉπ°π'π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·π°ππ»ππ°Νππ·2
ππ°πΉπ»3bah-HEEunspec. var.ππ°πΉπ»Ν31pick or gather from the ground, as fruit, vegetables, etc.2pick or gather (e.g., fruit, flowers)3collect together or pick up (many small, scattered things)4sort (e.g., beans, clothing to be laundered)unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΉπΏπ»bah-HLEEunspec. var.ππ°πππ»1get a splinter in the flesh, causing the latter to suppurateunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΉπΏπ»
ππ°πΉπΏππΌπ·bah-HLOH-geharch. var.ππ°ππππΌπ·1punch or thrust an awl or tined instrument (as a pitchfork, fork), into an objectunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΉπΏπππ·bah-HLOH-dseharch. var.ππ°πππππ·1flesh a hidecfππ»πΉπΏπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΉπΏπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΉπΏπππ·
ππ°πΉππΏπ·bah-HOH-leharch. var.ππ°πΉππΌππ·1bend over2bow the head3lean forward4stoopunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΉπππ°Νbah-HOH-tahβΏarch. var.ππ°πΉπππ°Ν1make an animal cry or roar by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., or by stabbingunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΉπππ°Ν
ππ°πΉπpah-HΓ1the hair of a boy's head below the cresthead hairunspec. comp. form ofππ°5πΉπ2unspec. var. ofπΉπ»Ν2
ππ°πΉπππ·bah-HΓ-dseh1to point the muzzle of a gun lowerunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΉπππ·
ππ°πΌπ°ΝBAH-gahβΏ1cut with a knife lengthwise on the surface of a piece of wood2whittle with a knifeunspec. comp. form ofππ°-2
ππ°πΌ'π°πΌ'π°ππ·1BAH-k'ah-k'ah-beh1cut notches in an object with a knife or sawThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfππ°πΌ'π°πΌ'π°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·πΌπ·ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌ'π°ππ·
ππ°πΌ'π°πΌ'π°ππ·2bah-k'AH-k'ah-beh1make notches in an object by pushing repeatedly with a knifeThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfππ°πΌ'π°πΌ'π°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·πΌπ·ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌ'π°ππ·
ππ°πΌ'π°ππ·1BAH-k'ah-beh1cut a notch in an object with a knife or sawcfππ°πΌ'π°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌ'π°ππ·
ππ°πΌ'π°ππ·2bah-k'AH-beh1make a notch in an object by pushing it with a knife-point, or the end of a spear, etc., held firmly against itcfππ°πΌ'π°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌ'π°ππ·
ππ°πΌπ·πΌπ·ππ·1BAH-geh-geh-beh1cut notches in an object with a knife or sawThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfππ°πΌ'π°πΌ'π°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·πΌπ·ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌπ·ππ·
ππ°πΌπ·πΌπ·ππ·2bah-GEH-geh-beh1make notches in an object by pushing repeatedly against it with the end of a stick, spear, knife, etc.This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfππ°πΌ'π°πΌ'π°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·πΌπ·ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ·ππ·
ππ°πΌπ·ππ·1BAH-geh-beh1cut a notch in an object with a knife or sawcfππ°πΌ'π°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌπ·ππ·
ππ°πΌπ·ππ·2bah-GEH-beh1make a notch in an object, by pushing it with a knife-point, or the end of a stick, spear, etc., held firmly against itcfππ°πΌ'π°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌ'π°ππ·ππ°πΌπ·ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ·ππ·
ππ°πΌπ»πΏπ°ππ°Νbah-KEE-lah-shahβΏarch. var.ππ°πΌπ»πΌππ°ππ°Ν1turn an object upside down by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against itunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΌπ»ππ·bah-GEE-dseh1make a creaking or squeaking sound by pushingtransitive verb2play music on an instrumentintransitive verb3play a fiddletransitive verb4fiddlenoun5musical instrument, pianonoun6musicnoununspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ»ππ·
ππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΉπ°bah-KEE-thah-hah1separate two objects by pushing against them with the end of a stick, spear, knife, etc.2push apart two objects with a stick or polecfππ°ππΝππ°πΉπ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ»ππ°πΉπ°
ππ°πΌπ»ππ·BAH-gee-xeh1cut all around a piece of wood once, with a knife, making an indentation2cut or saw a long line across the grainunspec. comp. form ofππ°-2
ππ°πΌ'πbah-k'OHunspec. var.ππ°πΌ'πΝ1dig (e.g., a grave)transitive verb2stoop over (a little)intransitive verbcfπΌ'π·ππ°π'π»Νππ°π'πunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΌππΌπ·bah-KOH-geharch. var.ππ°πΌππΌπ·1make a hollow sound or reverberation by pushing at the ground, a wall, floor, box, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌππΌπ·
ππ°πΌπππ·bah-GOH-dseharch. var.ππ°πΌπππ·1probe, as a bone, for marrowunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·1bah-KSHEEβΏ-dseh1spear or push at an object, and miss it, because the weapon glides by, or on account of the dodging of the person or animal2scrape a hide with a knife after the removal of the hair3dress pine boards, etc.cfπΌπ°πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΌππ»Νππ·πππΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΌππ»Νππ·
ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·2BAH-ksheeβΏ-dseh1fail in cutting with a knife, because the latter slips by the object, without touching it, or because the object eludes the blowcfπΌπ°πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΌππ»Νππ·πππΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΌππ»Νππ·
ππ°πΏπ°ππ°bah-LAH-shaharch. var.ππ°πΌππ°ππ°1turn the soil over, root up the ground, as hogs dounspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΏπ°Νππ°1BAH-lahβΏ-thaharch. var.ππ°πΌππ°Νππ°11fail in cutting or sawing, missing the object2make a mistake in cutting with a knife, or in sawingcfππ°πΏπ°Νππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΏπ°Νππ°ππ»πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΏπ°Νππ°
ππ°πΏπ°Νππ°2bah-LAHβΏ-thaharch. var.ππ°πΌππ°Νππ°21push at an object, and miss doing what was intended2thrust at a foe, and miss him, because of his dodgingcfππ°πΏπ°Νππ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΏπ°Νππ°ππ»πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΏπ°Νππ°
ππ°πΏπ·πΌπ·BAH-leh-geh1shatter by cutting or using a sharp edgetransitive verb2hatchintransitive verbcfπΌπ°πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πΏπ·πΌπ·ππ°ΝπΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-πΏπ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΏπ·πΌπ·
ππ°πΏπ·ππ·1bah-LEH-zehBAH-leh-zeh1make an object striped by writing, pushing, etc.2write in lines, as in a book3write something or make one's mark upon something4vote5vote for or against something or someoneMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.cfππ°πΏπ·ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΏπ·ππ·
ππ°πΏπ·ππ·2BAH-leh-zeharch. var.ππ°πΌππ·ππ·21cut stripes or rows on wood with a knifecfππ°πΏπ·ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΏπ·ππ·
ππ°πΏπ·ππ·BAH-leh-zheharch. var.ππ°πΌππ·ππ·11make an object spotted by cutting with a knife, or by sawingcfππ°πΏπ·ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΏπ·ππ·
ππ°πΏπ·ππ·2bah-LEH-zheharch. var.ππ°πΌππ·ππ·21make an object spotted by writing, sewing, or by pushing it with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against itcfππ°πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΏπ·ππ·
ππ°πΏπΝππ»Νbah-LOHβΏ-theeβΏunspec. var.ππ°πΏπarch. var.ππ°πΌππΝπ»Νππ°πΌππΝππ»Ν1enrage or make furious by pushing at with a stick, etc., held firmly against the person or animalunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΏπΝππ»Ν
ππ°πΏπBAH-lΓΌarch. var.ππ°πΌππ1shell off grains of green corn by cutting them with a knifecfππ°πππ2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2
ππ°ππ°Νbah-MAHβΏ1file2remove the outer skins or bran from grains of corn which have been boiled in lye, by rubbing them3grate, as a nutmeg4push an axe on a motionless grindstone5sharpen a scythe, by pushing the hone or rasp first along one side, then along the othercfππ°ππ°πΌπ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ°Νππ»bah-MAHβΏ-sheeunspec. var.ππ°ππ°ππ»1lift, hold up (e.g., a picture in front of a group of people in an auditorium)2raise (e.g., a flag or a window)3raise any object by pushing it with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against itcfππππ°Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°Νππ»
ππ°ππ°Νππ» ππ·ππ·bah-MAHβΏ-shee THEH-theh1raise any object by pushing it with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against it, with the idea of sudden action, and sending the object further away than would otherwise be done with bamaβΏshi aloneThis entry is composed of more than one word. EVERY word must be conjugated as needed.unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°Νππ»ππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ·-ππ·
ππ°ππ»πΏπΝππ·bah-NEE-lohβΏ-zeharch. var.ππ°ππ»πΌππΝππ·1make mud soft or miry by pushing a stick into it for some timeunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ»πΏπΝππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ°ππ·BAH-bah-BAH-xeh1cut a rope, cord, etc., in pieces with a knife (blade)This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ·1BAH-bah-xeh1cut a cord or a rope with a knife2cut a cord or rope once with a knife (blade)This instrumental prefix is one of three (ba- (cutting motion), bo- (force), and da- (extreme temperature)) that has stress if it is the first syllable of a word. Noting this can be helpful since ba- can be confused with other instrumental prefixes that are spelled the same (e.g., ba- (by pushing)), but have stress on the following syllable.cfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°Νππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ·2bah-BAH-xeh1break or cut a rope or cord, with the point of a knife or stick held firmly against itcfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°Νππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ·ππ»Νbah-BEH-seeβΏ1turn the edge of any sharp tool by thrusting it against any hard objectunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ·ππ»Ν1BAH-beh-sheeβΏ1bend a knife-blade by cutting with itcfππ°ππ·ππ»Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2
ππ°ππ·ππ»Ν2bah-BEH-sheeβΏ1bend any flat object, as a knife-point, by pushing with itcfππ°ππ·ππ»Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππbah-BOHunspec. var.ππ°ππ1sink2lower3go down (e.g., the sun when setting)4down-hill5over the edge of a bluff
ππ°ππππΌπ·bah-PXOH-keharch. var.ππ°ππππΌπ·1make the ground give forth a deadened sound by thrusting at it2stab a person or animal, running the knife or spear to the hilt, making a thudcfπΌπ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππΌπ·ππ°ΝππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππππΌπ·ππ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·
ππ°ππ°ππ°bah-SAH-sah1dice by cutting over and overcut repeatedly by pushing down onThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππbah-SAH-thoharch. var.ππ°ππ°ππ1make rattle, by pushing against, as the tail of a rattlesnakeunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ·1bah-SEH1cut up (e.g., meat or potatoes)2cut into pieces (e.g., a cake)3cut off by using a pushing motion4break, as bread, or meat, by pushing against it with the end of a stick, etc., or a knife pointcfπΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππ·ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ·
ππ°ππ·2BAH-seh1cut with a sharp edge2cut hair with a knife3cut bread, meat, clothing, sticks, etc., with a knifecfπΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππ·ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ·
ππ°ππ»πΌπ·bah-SEE-gehBAH-see-gehunspec. var.ππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ·1push or thrust at something and cause pieces to fly out in all directionstransitive verb2splattertransitive verb3splatterintransitive verb4spraytransitive verb5sprayintransitive verb6splashtransitive verb7splashintransitive verb8squirttransitive verb9squirtintransitive verb10splintertransitive verb11splinterintransitive verb12cause to fly out into piecestransitive verb13fly out in piecesintransitive verbMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.cfπΌπ°ππ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°Νππ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππΌπ°πΉπ°bah-SGAH-hah1thrust a stick, etc., into mudcfππ°ππΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°4
ππ°ππΌπ°ππ·bah-SGAH-beh1thrust a stick, etc., once into mud, etc.cfππ°ππΌπ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°4unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππΌπ·ππ·bah-SGEH-beh1scrape by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against the objectcfπΌπ°ππΌπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππππ·bah-SOH-weharch. var.ππ°ππππ·1make corn rattle by pushing the ears into a bag2make rattle by pushing, as the tail of a rattlesnake3make ice, etc., give a crunching sound, by pushing at itunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
ππ°πππ°Νbah-SPAHβΏ1touch with the fingers2nudge3punch4push one with the end of a stick, etc., held against him, so as to attract his attentioncfππ°ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πππ·πΌπ·1BAH-stseh-geh1gash the skin, etc., once by drawing a knife over itcfπΌπ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°πππ·πΌπ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2
ππ°πππ·πΌπ·2bah-STSEH-geh1slit or gash the skin by pushing the hand, etc., against a splinter, or by pushing a stick lengthwise along the hand, without penetrating the fleshcfπΌπ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°πππ·πΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·BAH-stseh-stseh-geh1gash the skin, clothing, etc., repeatedly by drawing a knife over the objectThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfπΌπ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πππππ·πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2
ππ°ππ°ππbah-SHAH-thoharch. var.ππ°ππ°ππ1make a splashing sound by thrusting into watercfππ°Νππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππΌπππΌπππ·bah-SHGOH-shgoh-dseharch. var.ππ°ππΌπππΌπππ·1make many dents or depressions in wood, the ground, etc., by pushing very rapidly, as hogs do in rooting up the groundThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΌπππ·
ππ°ππΌπππ·bah-SHGOH-dseharch. var.ππ°ππΌπππ·1indent in a single place, as wood or the ground, as when the latter is rooted up by a hogunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΌπππ·
ππ°ππΝπΌπ·bah-SHOHβΏ-keharch. var.ππ°ππΝπΌπ·1bruise fine, crush to powder by pushing (with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against the object)2root up the ground, as hogs doDorsey notes that this act of crushing is done after baxuxe, which is the initial breaking of a small or thin object, requiring little force (such as a pecan).cfπΌπ°ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππΝππ°bah-SHOHβΏ-thaharch. var.ππ°ππΝππ°1push the end of a stick, etc., against a vessel causing some of its contents to be spilt, without upsetting the vesselcfπΌπ°ππΝππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππΝππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππΝππ°
ππ°πππ°πππ°BAH-shpah-shpah1cut, as meat, in small pieces with a knifeThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πππ·
ππ°πππ·2bah-SHPEH1punch or saw off a piece of an object: referring to what was never stuck on, but was always part of the object2push a piece out of the edge of an object, by holding the end of a stick, etc., firmly against itcfππ°πππ·3unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·ππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·
ππ°πππ·3BAH-shpeh1detach a piece from the surface of an object by cutting2cut off the skin, and some of the potato before it is cookedcfππ°πππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·ππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πππ·
ππ°πππ1bah-SHPOObah-SHPΓunspec. var.ππ°πππ·11cut corn2fresh corn cut off the cobcfππ°πππ2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2πππππunspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πππ2BAH-shpΓΌ1shell off grains of green corn by cutting them with a knifecfππ°πΏπunspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°πππ1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππππunspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2
ππ°πππ°πΉπ°bah-SHDAH-hah1make smooth by planingtransitive verb2to be swollen till free from wrinkles, or till smoothcfπππππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-1πππ°πΉπ°πππππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-πππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππ°πΉπ°
ππ°πππ°ππ·bah-SHDAH-dseh1thrust the hand, a knife point, or the end of a stick, pitchfork, etc., under an object, so as to lift it quickly and throw it off2play ball with the tabesucfππ°ππ·ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πππΝπΌπ°bah-SHDOHβΏ-kaharch. var.ππ°πππΝπΌπ°1soften by pushing on2thrust a stick, etc., into a hole at a soft object, as at an animal covered with hair, or to see if the soft object is thereunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππΝπΌπ°
ππ°ππ°Ν1BAH-dahβΏ1when2andDorsey notes that for this term, "It often connects verbs in the pl., but sometimes it refers to the 3rd. sing."
ππ°ππ°Ν2bah-DAHβΏ1push off or awaycfππ»ππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ° ππ»πΏπΝππ·PAH-dah NEE-lohβΏ-zeh1scrambled eggsunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°ππ»πΏπΝππ·
ππ°ππ° ππΏπ»ΝPAH-dah oh-LEEβΏ1womb of an animalunspec. comp. form ofππΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-πΏπ»Ν
ππ°ππ° πππΉπ°PAH-dah XOO-hah1eggshell (the shell of an egg of any kind)unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°πππΉπ°
ππ°ππ° ππ·πΏπ°ΝPAH-dah ZHEH-lahβΏarch. var.ππ°ππ° ππ·πΌππΝ1omletteunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°ππ·πΏπ°Ν
ππ°ππ°ΝπΉπ°Νbah-DAHβΏ-hahβΏ1dull by pushing, as the horns of an oxunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ°πΌπ°ππ·bah-DAH-kah-dseh1be hot all over, as when one has a feverunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ°ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ°BAH-dah-pah1cut an object round: refers to cutting out lariats from a buffalo hide, as the knife is drawn around repeatedly, beginning at the outer edge, and gradually nearing the centerunspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ°
ππ°ππ°ππΌπ°PAH-dah-sgah1egg whitewhite of eggunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°ππΌπ°1
ππ°ππ°π'π·πΌπ°1BAH-dah-ts'eh-gah1cut fresh meat thin that it may soon dry2make cornstalks wither by cutting with a knifecfππ°ππ°π'π·πΌπ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°π'π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°π'π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-
ππ°ππ°π'π·πΌπ°2bah-DAH-ts'eh-gah1benumb by pushing with a stick held firmly against the limbcfππ°ππ°π'π·πΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°π'π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°π'π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-
ππ°ππ°ππ»PAH-dah-zee1egg yolkyellow of eggunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°ππ»
ππ°ππ°ππ·1bah-DAH-zheh1blister, as the hands, by pushing or punching with the end of a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ°ππ·2bah-DAH-zheh1puffed up2inflated3swollenππ°ππ°ππ· ππ·ππ°ΝππΌπ°He was swollen up to this size.
ππ°ππ°ππ»bah-DAH-zhee1extinguish a fire by pushing with the end of a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-π°ππ»
ππ°ππππ·bah-DOH-zheharch. var.ππ°ππππ·1pierce a sore, and let out the pus or waterunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
ππ°ππ°πΌπ»bah-TSAH-kee1thrust a stick into mud holes, containing water, which flies out with a "swish!"unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ· ππ»ΝπΌπ°bah-DSEH ZHEEβΏ-kah1pirogue2small boatunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1ππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°π'π»Νbah-ts'EEβΏunspec. var.ππ°π'π»1stoop over (as to touch one's toes)intransitive verb2bend downintransitive verb3crookedadjectivecfππ°πΌ'πunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°π'π
ππ°ππ»ππ»ππ·bah-TSEE-tsee-zheh1crawl, as a snake does, making crackling sounds as it moves over twigsunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ»ππ·2
ππ°ππ»ππ·bah-DSEE-zeh1move an object by pushing it with a stick, etc.cfππ»ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°π'πbah-ts'OH1stoop overcfππ°πΌ'πunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°π'π»Ν
ππ°ππππ°bah-DSΓ-thah1wear small holes in clothing, etc., by planing, pushing with a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ»ΝPAH-theeβΏunspec. var.ππ²1Pawnee2Pawnee (tribe or tribal member)3Kiowa (tribe or tribal member)4western tribe or tribal member (refers to any tribe from the western United States)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ·bah-THEEβΏ-keh1root up clean, as hogs do2punch with a sharp-pointed stick, or to write with a sharp-pointed pencil till its point becomes worn downunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ»ΝπΌπ·1
ππ°ππBAH-thohunspec. var.ππ°ππΝarch. var.ππ°ππ1locust2tree-locust3insect
ππ°ππΝππ°πΉπ°1BAH-thohβΏ-bah-haharch. var.ππ°ππΝππ°πΉπ°11separate two objects by cutting them apart with a knifecfππ°ππΝππ°πΉπ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππΝππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππΝππ°πΉπ°2
ππ°ππΝππ°πΉπ°2bah-THOHβΏ-baharch. var.ππ°ππΝππ°πΉπ°21make two objects separate by pushing at them with a stick, or knife point, held firmly against themcfππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΌπ»ππ°πΉπ°ππ°ππΝππ°πΉπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππΝππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππΝππ°πΉπ°2
ππ°ππ°πΌπ°2bah-XAH-gah1make rough by pushing2filecfππ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°πΌπ°
ππ°ππ°ππ°bah-XAH-wah1bare, as the arm, by pushing up the sleevecfππππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ°
ππ°ππ»bah-XEE1push to awaken or make active2activate by pushing onunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ1bah-XOHarch. var.ππ°ππ1hill2bluff3high hill4mountain5ridge6cornerππ°ππ ππππ°four-cornered7angleQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 191) that this term is "rare." Dorsey notes on his vocabulary slip for this term that it is a "modern word."cfππ°πΉπ·
ππ°ππΝbah-XOHβΏarch. var.ππ°ππΝ1break a long object by pushing2break off by pushing (e.g., a limb)3break off a branch, etc., by pushing with a stick, etc.cfπΌπ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝ
ππ°ππ ππ°ππbah-XOH pah-SΓarch. var.ππ°ππ ππ°ππ1sharp peakunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1ππ°ππ1
ππ°ππ ππ°ππππbah-XOH pah-SΓ-sΓΌarch. var.ππ°ππ ππ°ππππ1succession of sharp peaks2chain or range of hillsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1ππ°ππ1
ππ°ππ ππππ°bah-XOH DOH-baharch. var.ππ°ππ ππππ°1four corneredunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1ππππ°1
ππ°ππππ·BAH-xoh-dseh1Ioway or Iowa Indians (a tribe living in Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma and in earlier days in Iowa)gray snowcfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»ΝππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·
ππ°ππππ·bah-XOH-wehunspec. var.ππ°ππ2ππ°πππ·arch. var.ππ°ππππ·1push along2push someone or something steadily (making the person or object move along)3make an object, as a book on a table, slide or slip along by pushing it4make the sound heard when one slides or pushes a book, etc., along on a table, etc., or when one scrapes a hideMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
ππ°πππ°Νbah-XTAHβΏ1push or thrust the end of a stick, etc., against a barrel or other vessel containing a liquid, forcing it over, and spilling its contentsunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππππ·bah-XΓ-xeh1break by pushing, as any small or thin object, requiring little force, as a pecan nutcfπΌπ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππ·ππ°ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
ππ°ππ· π»ππ°ππ·bah-ZEH ee-TAH-xeh1nipple2teatunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1π»ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ·ππ»bah-ZEH-nee1milkbreast liquid OR breast waterunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1ππ»1
ππ°ππ·ππ» ππ°πΌπ»bah-ZEH-nee sah-GEE1cheesecfππ°ππ·ππ» ππ·πΏπ» ππ°πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ» ππ·πΏπ»ππ°πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1ππ»1ππ°πΌπ»
ππ°ππ·ππ» ππΌπππ·bah-ZEH-nee SKOO-theh1sweet milkunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1ππ»1ππΌπππ·
ππ°ππ·ππ» ππ·πΏπ»bah-ZEH-nee WEH-lee1butter2creammilk greaseunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1ππ»1ππ·πΏπ»
ππ°ππ·ππ» ππ·πΏπ» ππ°πΌπ»bah-ZEH-nee WEH-lee sah-GEE1cheesehardened creamcfππ°ππ·ππ» ππ°πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ» ππ·πΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ»ππ·πΏπ»ππ°πΌπ»
ππ°ππ1bah-ZOHarch. var.ππ°ππ1pokeweedLa Flesche notes (A Dictionary of the Osage Language, page 20) that "This is similar to the Indian poke used as an emetic."Veratrum viride2inedible red berry that grows in the woods
ππ°ππ π·πΌπΝbah-ZOH eh-GOHβΏ1maroon2dark red colorresembling berriescfππππ· ππ°ππ π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ°ππ1π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1π·πΌπΝ
ππ°ππ°πΌπ·1BAH-zhah-geh1enlarge a hole or split by cutting with a knifeunspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ°πΌπ·
ππ°ππ°πΌπ·2bah-ZHAH-geh1enlarge a hole or split by pushing with the end of a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ°πΌπ·
ππ°ππ°ππ·1BAH-zhah-beh1peel and split with a knife, as fruit, bark, or vegetablesDorsey notes that "This is used when the knife is pulled or drawn towards the agent."cfππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ·2bah-ZHAH-beh1scrape off by thrusting, as the hair and skin of an animal, when an ox gores it2scrape off the flesh, as a splinter does when stuck into it3peel or pare, as a potato, by pushing the knife from the agent4cut off the skin or bark, by pushing the knife from himcfππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ°1BAH-zhah-tah1brand hogs, etc., as white men do, by cutting out the tip of each ear, leaving it forkedDorsey notes that "This is not done by Indians."cfππ°ππ°ππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ°
ππ°ππ°ππ°2bah-ZHAH-tah1make an object forked by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against the objectcfππ°ππ°ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ°
ππ°ππ»Νbah-ZHEEβΏ1push into a hole with a pole, knife, etc., as at a raccoon2push at a person, or animal, in order to attract attentioncfππ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππππ· π»ππ°ππ·pah-ZHΓ-zheh ee-TAH-xeh1tip of the nosecfππ° π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°1π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°1π»ππ°ππ·
ππ·1beh1positional article for a plural entity in nonrandom arrangementcfπΌπ·2πΌππ·ππ°4πππ°Νππ·1ππ°Νππ·1ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ· π»ππ°BEH EE-tah1whose'who owns [it]?' or 'to whom does it belong?'unspec. comp. form ofππ·3π»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
ππ· ππ°πΉπ°BEH thah-hah1diamonds (suit in a deck of cards)cfπΉπ°ππ°Νππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ°πΉπ»1π'π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·π°ππ»ππ°Νππ·2
ππ·ππ· ππ°ΝPEH-dseh zhahβΏ1firewoodunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ°Ν2
ππ·ππ·ππ»PEH-dseh-nee1liquor2whiskeyfire waterunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1
ππ·ππΝππ°PEH-thohβΏ-bahunspec. var.ππ·π°Νππ°ππ·πΝππ°ππ·ππ°Νππ°1seven
ππ·ππ· ππ°ΝπΌπ°PEH-zheh mahβΏ-KAH1teaweed medicinecfππ·ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ°ΝπΌπ°1
ππ·ππ·ππ»PEH-zheh-nee1teaweed-watercfππ·ππ· ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ°ΝπΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1
ππ·ππ·ππ» ππ°Νππ· ππΏπ°ΝPEH-zheh-nee NAHβΏ-xeh oh-LAHβΏ1iced teaweed-water with ice put inunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1ππ°Νππ·1ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-
ππ·ππ·πππΉπPEH-zheh-TOH-hoh1lettuceunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·πππΉπ
ππ»πΉπππ°Νbee-HOH-tahβΏ1blowing a wind instrumentunspec. comp. form ofππ»-unspec. var. ofππ-1πΉπππ°Ν
ππ»πΌπ»πΌ'πΝPEE-gee-k'ohβΏ1repeat and try again after failing to make repairs on worn clothing or broken toolsThe standard conjugation is done after the pi.To date, only three terms use "pi." This term is used more frequently in related langauges such as Ponca and Otoe-Missouria. The idea of "pi" refers to "good" in those languages, and the usage here seems to approximate that idea.
ππ»πΏπ°Νππ°bee-LAHβΏ-thah1missing hold of a rabbit which is pressed to the groundcfππ°πΏπ°Νππ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΏπ°Νππ°ππ°πΏπ°Νππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-unspec. var. ofππ-1*πΏπ°Νππ°
ππ»πΝPEE-ohβΏ1know how to do something2learn3be skilled at or expert in4know how to do or make anything correctly5expert6skillfulTo date, only three terms use "pi." This term is used more frequently in related langauges such as Ponca and Otoe-Missouria. The idea of "pi" refers to "good" in those languages, and the usage here seems to approximate that idea.unspec. comp. form ofπΝ2
ππ»ππ°ππ»bee-DAH-zhee1extinguish2cause to become extinctcfππππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-unspec. var. ofππ-1ππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-π°ππ»
ππ»ππ·πΌπ°bee-TSEH-gah1polish2make brightunspec. comp. form ofππ»-unspec. var. ofππ-1ππ·πΌπ°
ππ»ππππ°bee-DSOO-thahbee-DSΓ-thah1wear clothes into shreds, or ragsunspec. comp. form ofππ»-unspec. var. ofππ-1ππππ°
ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·bee-THEEβΏ-keh1wear (something) down to nothingtransitive verb2worn downadjective3threadbareadjectiveunspec. comp. form ofππ»-unspec. var. ofππ-1ππ»ΝπΌπ·1
ππ»ππππ°Νbee-THOH-tahβΏ1straighten by pressure of the handunspec. comp. form ofππ»-unspec. var. ofππ-1ππππ°Ν
ππ»ππ»PEE-zhee1bad2awful3evil4wickednot goodTo date, only three terms use "pi." This term is used more frequently in related langauges such as Ponca and Otoe-Missouria. The idea of "pi" refers to "good" in those languages, and the usage here seems to approximate that idea.unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»
ππboharch. var.ππ1black hawLa Flesche notes, "The fruit of the black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) was used for food by the Osage." Dorsey also notes that the black haw was "eaten by the Osages."Viburnum prunifolium
πππ΄π°ππΌπ°BOH-brah-sgah1flatten by shootingunspec. comp. form ofππ-π΄π°ππΌπ°
πππΉπBOH-hΓΌBOH-hooarch. var.πππΉπ1black hawthornunspec. comp. form ofπππΉπ1
ππΝπΌπ°POHβΏ-kah1Poncacfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
πππΌππ»Νππ·BOH-ksheeβΏ-dseharch. var.πππΌππ»Νππ·1miss the mark in shooting with a gun or bow, because the missile passes by2fail in trying to wound or kill with an arrow or bulletcfπΌπ°πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΌππ»Νππ·
πππΏπ°Νππ°BOH-lahβΏ-thahcont. var.πππΌππΝππ°1miss any markcfππ°πΏπ°Νππ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΏπ°Νππ°ππ°πΏπ°Νππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΏπ°Νππ°ππ»πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°
ππππ°ππ·BOH-bah-xeharch. var.ππππ°ππ·1break a cord or string in two by shooting or punchingcfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°Νππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·
ππππ·BOH-seharch. var.ππππ·1cut by shootingcfπΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππ·ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ·ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·
ππππ»ππ»BOH-see-seearch. var.ππππ»ππ»1pulseLa Flesche notes that this term "refers to the throbbing of the pulse."This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππΌπ°ΝBOH-shgahβΏ1make something move (once) by some sort of forceunspec. comp. form ofππ-ππΌπ°Ν
ππππΌπ°ΝππΌπ°ΝBOH-shgahβΏ-shgahβΏarch. var.ππππΌπ°ΝππΌπ°Ν1make an object move repeatedly by punching with the end of a stick, or other large object, or by shootingThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππΌπ°ΝππΌπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°Ν
ππππΌπ»πΌπ·BOH-shgee-geharch. var.ππππΌπ»πΌπ·1make a slight indentation in wood or an animal, by shooting, without penetrating the objectDorsey notes that for this term, it "refers to the object rather than to the instrument."cfππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππΌπ»πΌπ·
πππππ·BOH-shpeharch. var.πππππ·1detach a piece from the surface of an object by shooting or punching2shoot a piece out of a treeEven though La Flesche specifies "tree" in his definition, this term could apply to any object.cfππ°πππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·ππ°πππ·3unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πππ·ππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·
ππππ°Νππ°BOH-tahβΏ-thahunspec. var.ππππΝππ°1shoot and send a thing rollingunspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°Νππ°
ππππ°ππ·BOH-tah-theharch. var.πππ'π°ππ°1shoot off at a tree, etc., making pieces of the bark, etc., fly in various directionsunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππ'π°πΌπ·BOH-ts'ah-gehunspec. var.πππ'π°πΌπ·1fall short of the desired effect, as, to shoot at a man and wound him instead of killing him2fail to act, as a medicinecfππ°π'π°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*π'π°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*π'π°πΌπ·
πππππ° ππ»Νππ· ππΌπ°BOH-xpah NEEβΏ-dseh sgaharch. var.πππππ° ππ»Νππ· ππΌπ°1woodpecker with a red head, spotted wings, the rest of the feathers being whitewhite-rumped woodpeckerunspec. comp. form ofπππππ°ππ»Νππ·ππΌπ°1
πππππ° ππππ·BOH-xpah XOH-dseharch. var.πππππ° ππππ·1woodpecker with a red head, and gray bodyunspec. comp. form ofπππππ°ππππ·
ππππ°BOH-zaharch. var.ππππ°21stick a stake or stick in the ground2plant a post or posts3plant a post in the groundunspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ»ππ»ππ·BOH-zee-ZEE-deh1shooting upward with a hissing soundThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ»ππ·
πππΌππ°bΓΌ-KXAHboo-KXAHbyoo-KXAHunspec. var.πππΌπ°πππππ°arch. var.ππ»πΌπ°1erase, rub out a mark, etc.2rub or wipe to efface3obliterate, erase, clean off or dust off by wiping4efface5erase6obliterate7wipe out8dry by wipingunspec. comp. form ofππ-1
ππππ»π°ππ»bΓΌ-NEE-ah-zheeboo-NEE-ah-zhee1smother a personThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofππ-1ππ»π°π°ππ»
πππππ· ππ°ΝbΓΌ-SPEH zhahβΏunspec. var.ππ»πππ· ππ°Ν1crouchThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπππππ·ππ°Ν1
ππππππππ°1BΓ-sdoh-sdaharch. var.ππππππππ°11blackberry2blackberries
ππππππππ°2bΓΌ-SDOH-sdaharch. var.ππππππππ°21mash by pressure, as ripe fruitunspec. comp. form ofππ-1
ππππbΕ±-SHOHboo-SHOHarch. var.ππππ1take off clean2sweep or clear off allunspec. comp. form ofππ-1
πππππ°πΉπ°bΕ±-SHDAH-hahboo-SHDAH-hahunspec. var.πππππ°1make smooth or polished by rubbing2polish an object3ironThis sense refers to the act of ironing clothing, not the metal.4smooth by pressingcfπΌπ°πππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-πππ°ππ°πππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππ°πΉπ°πππππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-πππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-1πππ°πΉπ°
ππππΝbΓΌ-XOHβΏboo-XOHβΏ1break down, as a chair, but not entirely in two, by weight or pressure, as by sitting on it
ππππ·ππ·BOO-zeh-theh1dry2cause to be drycfππ»ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππππ·-ππ·
ππππΌπ·PXOH-keharch. var.πππΌπ·ππππΌπ·1sound word - thud2a dull or deadened sound, made by striking any soft object, or the ground3a thud4popping soundcfπΌππΌπ·ππππ·ππ»ππ·2
π
ππ°2sah1a tall grass, growing in ponds, to the height of about ten feet, used for mats2rushLa Flesche notes that this rush is "out of which mats are made."Eleocharis interstincta
ππ° π΄π°ππΌπ°sah BRAH-sgah1a stem-grass, growing about five feet high, in pondsunspec. comp. form ofππ°2π΄π°ππΌπ°
ππ°ΝπΉπ°ΝSAHβΏ-hahβΏunspec. var.ππ°Ν21white2whitish3grayish4distant white5a distant white, as distinguished from sga, a near whiteThis term refers to what is white or whitish (even grayish) in the distance. If you were near the object, the term sga (white) would be used. This term describes the effect of viewing a white object from a distance, with the atmosphere (containing dust, smoke, and other impurities) slightly affecting the color.cfππΌπ°1
ππ°πΌπ»sah-GEESAH-gee1hardadjective2hard (in texture)adjective3solidadjective4firmadjective5strongadjective6muscularadjective7difficult, hard to do things withadjective8tightadjective9tightlyadverb10fastadverbThe idea of fast here doesn't refer to speed, but rather being rigidly held in place. For example, to be stuck fast.
ππ°πΌπ» πΉπsah-GEE hoh1Sac and Fox (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»
ππ°πΌπ» ππ°ππ°Νsah-GEE bah-DAHβΏ1push firmly againstThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΌπ»ππ°sah-GEE-wahunspec. var.ππ°πΌπ»ππ1Sac and Fox (tribe or tribal member)2Saks or Sacsmake it tightcfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»
ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νsah-GEE-zheeβΏ1Sac and Fox (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7unspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°πΌπ»ππ»ΝπΌπ°sah-GEE-zheeβΏ-kah1slimhard smallunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°ππ· ππ»πΉπ»SAH-beh ZHEE-hee1color of walnut woodunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·ππ»πΉπ»
ππ°ππ·SAH-seh1shavings2cuttingsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of*ππ·
ππ°ππ°ΝSAH-tahβΏunspec. var.ππ°ππ°21fiveππππ ππ°ππ°Λ π°π΄π»Λ.I have five meat pies.
ππ»π·πΌπΝSEE-eh-gohβΏ1meat piefoot-likeQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 200) that the idea of "foot" in this term is "referring to the shape of the traditional meat pie," and that this term is "Especially used in the Grayhorse district."cfππππunspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππunspec. comp. form ofππ»π·πΌπΝ
ππ»ΝπΌπ°SEEβΏ-kah1squirrel2red squirrel3reddish-gray squirrel, or fox squirrel, common in Dakota, Nebraska, etc.cfππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°ππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»πΉπ»
ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ°ππ·SEEβΏ-kah SAH-beh1black squirrelcfππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°ππ·
ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππππ·SEEβΏ-kah XOH-dsehunspec. var.ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππππ·1gray squirrelcfππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°ππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππππ·
ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ»πΉπ»SEEβΏ-kah ZEE-hee1yellow (?) or yellowish squirrelcfππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°ππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»
ππ»πΌπ·SEE-geh1third daughter2the third daughter (special kinship term)cfπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ»πΏπ·SEE-lehunspec. var.ππ»πΌππ·1footprints2trail3tracksunspec. comp. form ofππ»
ππ»ππΝπ΄π·see-NOHβΏ-brehunspec. var.ππ»πππ΄π»Ν1kidney (human or animal)
ππ»πππΌπ»SEE-oh-skeeunspec. var.ππ»πππΌπ·1arch of the footcfπππΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»πππΌπ»
ππ»ππππ°Νsee-POH-tahβΏ1big toeunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ°Ν2
ππ»ππππ»Νsee-POH-zheeβΏ1any toe or toes other than the big toeunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ»ππ»π°Νππ·SEE-see-ahβΏ-thehunspec. var.ππ»ππ°Νππ·1seesaw2make a back and forth movement (as when riding a teeter-totter)3wobble or teeter (e.g., a glass when jarred or bumped)
ππ»Νπππ°SEEβΏ-shdah1possumThis variant form is used more often than its full form.unspec. comp. form ofππ»Νππ·πππ°πΉπ°cont. var. ofππ»Νππ·πππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»Νππ·πππ°πΉπ°
ππ»ππsee-DOHβΏ-eeβΏarch. var.ππ»ππππ»ππ»ππππ»1yesterdayThis variant form is used more often than its full form.
ππ»Νππ·SEEβΏ-dseh1tail2animal's tail, part of Osage dance costume3tail dancer at Osage War Dances4last part of a dance song5lock of hair
ππ»Νππ·πππ°SEEβΏ-dseh-shdahcont. var.ππ»Νπ·πππ°ππ»Νπππ°1opossumsmooth tailWhile this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.unspec. comp. form ofππ»Νππ·πππ°πΉπ°
ππΌπ°1sgah1white2white, referring to what is near and distinct, as distinguished from what is saβΏhaβΏcfππ°ΝπΉπ°Ν
ππΌπ°2sgah1may2might3sign of possibility4it must be that5it seems that6I suppose that7I guess that8perhaps9I deduce thatQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 201) that this term is an "Impersonal suppositional particle; sometimes implies that the event took place previously, and can then be loosely translated 'before, previously, earlier, already.'"
ππΌπ° π·ππ·SGAH eh-THEH1hopeThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.
ππΌπ° πΌπ°ππ·SGAH GAH-xeh1whitenmake whiteThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°1πΌπ°ππ·1
ππΌπ°πΉπ°SGAH-hahunspec. var.ππΌπ°3ππΌπ°πΉπ·1brightadjective2clearadjective3clearlyadverbπ»π· ππΌπ°.Speak clearly.
ππΌπ°ππΌπ°SGAH-sgah1white here and there2white in spots or stripesThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."
ππππ·soh-WEHarch. var.ππππ·1give forth a crackling sound, as ice does when thrust atcfπΌππΌπ·ππππΌπ·ππππ·ππ»ππ·2
πππ°πΌπSDAH-goh1neat2uniformThis sense does not refer to clothing.3level4smooth5even6straight7nice-looking
ππππππ°SDOO-sdah1cylindrical and upright, as a fire extinguisher, ink stand, stove pipe, etc.2elliptical3gibbous, as the moon
πππ·ππ·SDSEH-dsehunspec. var.πππ·ππ·πππ·π·cont. var.πππ·1long2tall
πππΌπ° πΉπ»ΝSOO-kah heeβΏ1chicken feathersunspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πΉπ»Ν2
πππΌπ° πΉππΌπ°SOO-kah HOO-kah1needleunspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πΉππΌπ°
πππΌπ° πΏπ·ππ·SOO-kah LEH-zeh1guinea henstriped chickenunspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πΏπ·ππ·
πππΌπ° ππ»ΝπΌπ°SOO-kah MEEβΏ-kahSΓ-kah MEEβΏ-kah1hencfπππΌπ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πππΌπ°2unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°1
πππΌπ° πππ»ΝπΌπ·SOO-kah oh-THEEβΏ-keh1hawkcatches chickenscfπΉπ·πΌπ°πΏπ·ππΝππ°ππ»Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πππ»ΝπΌπ·
πππΌπ° ππ°πΌπ»SOO-kah sah-GEE1banty (bantam chicken)unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ°πΌπ»
πππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°SOO-kah TAHβΏ-kahSΓ-kah TAHβΏ-kah1male of the larger variety of the wild turkeyDorsey notes that, "Its tuft of hair on the chest is about six inches long."cfπΉπ»Ν ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ»Ν2ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°
πππΌπ° πππΌπ°SOO-kah DOH-gahSΓ-kah DOH-gahunspec. var.πππΌπ° πππΌπ°1rooster2cock or roostercfπππΌπ° ππ»ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πππΌπ°2
πππΌπ°ππ°ΝSOO-kah-tahβΏ1turkeybig chickenunspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ°Ν2
πππΌπ°ππ°Ν πΉπ°Νππ°SOO-kah-tahβΏ HAHβΏ-bah1Thanksgiving Dayturkey dayunspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°ππ°Ν2πΉπ°Νππ°
π
ππ°πΉπ°Νshah-HAHβΏ1Lakotacfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ°πΌπ·1SHAH-geh1hand2hands3paw4paws5claw6claws7talons8handprint9footprint10tracks11hands of the body that are touched by the attendees when passing by it at a funeral12fingerThis term is used much more frequently in modern Osage to express hand than noβΏbe is.cfππΝππ·1ππ°πΌπ·πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ·1πΉπ°1
ππ°πΌπ·2SHAH-geh1Cherokeecfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ°πΌπ·πΉπ°SHAH-geh-hah1fingernails2claws of a bird, etc.cfππ°πΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ·1πΉπ°1
ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»SHAH-lah-geeunspec. var.ππ°πΏπ·πΌπ·1Cherokee (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ°ππ°ππ»shah-THAH-nee1Cheyennecfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ°ππ°ππ»ΝSHAH-wah-neeβΏ1Shawnee (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ·2shehunspec. var.ππ»11here near youadverb2there near youadverb3there (closer to the hearer than to the speaker)adverb4him/her/it (closer to the hearer than to the speaker)pronoun5thatpronoun6that one near youpronouncfπΌπ°
ππ· ππ°πΉπ°SHEH TAH-hah1toward you2along a path toward where you (the hearer) are or toward something or someone closer to you (the hearer) than to the speakerunspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ°πΉπ°1
ππ· πππ°ΝSHEH txahβΏunspec. var.ππ· πΌππ°Νππ· ππΌππ°Ν1that one standing (animate)cfππ· ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·1ππ· ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·1ππ·πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππ°Ν
ππ· ππ·SHEH tseh1that one standing (inanimate)2those things (sitting or round items)cfππ· πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππ°Νππ· ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·1
ππ· ππ·SHEH theh1that one moving (animate or inanimate)cfππ· πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππ°Νππ· ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·1
ππ· ππ»ΝπΌππ·SHEH theeβΏ-KSHEHunspec. var.ππ· π»ΝπΌππ·1that one sitting (animate or inanimate)2that one over there, closer to the hearer than to the speakerWhile this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ·ππΝsheh-THOHβΏunspec. var.ππ·ππππ1there where you areadverb2right there where you areadverb3that person therepronouncfπΌπ°ππ1unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·2
ππ·ππΝπΉπ°sheh-THOHβΏ-hahunspec. var.ππ·πππΉπ°ππ·πππΉπ°Ν1that way2along a path toward the hearer3to a place right next to the hearerunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πΉπ°2
ππ» π°πΌππ°SHEE ah-KXAH1that one (thing or person not in motion) near you2those ones (not in motion) near youcfππ» π°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»1π°ππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ»1unspec. var. ofππ·2π°πΌππ°2
ππ» π°ππ°SHEE ah-BAHunspec. var.ππ· π°ππ°1that one (thing or person in motion or deceased) near you2those ones (in motion or deceased) there (near you)cfππ» π°πΌππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»1π°πΌππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ»1unspec. var. ofππ·2π°ππ°2
ππ»πΌππ°ΝSHEE-kxahβΏshee-KXAHβΏ1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (my)2sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (your)3sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (her)4sister-in-law (brother's wife) (my)5sister-in-law (brother's wife) (her)6sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (my)7sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (her)For this term, Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 206), "Used only when speaker is female." She also notes that this term is more precise than the English sister-in-law. Quintero also notes for the 3rd-person usage of this term (i.e., "her"), "In this usage, synonymous with iΕ‘ΓkxΔ
."cf*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΉπ°*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»πΌπ*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°*ππΝπΌπ·π»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌππ°Νπππππ°ππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Ν
ππ»πΌππ°Ν ππ»ππ°SHEE-kxahβΏ THEE-tah1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (your)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (your)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (your)For this term, Quintero notes, "Used only when addressee is female."cfππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌππ°Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππΌπ°Ν ππ»ΝπΌπ·SHGAHβΏ theeβΏ-KEHunspec. var.ππΌπ°Ν π»ΝπΌπ·1quiet2stillnot moveThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the FIRST word.cfππΌπ°Νπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°Νπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°Νππ»ΝπΌπ·1
ππΌπ°Νπ°ππ»SHGAHβΏ-ah-zheeunspec. var.ππΌπ°Νππ»1still2quiet3quietly (as not in movement)4unable to move or start (as a motor vehicle)not movecfππΌπ°Ν ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°Νππ»ΝπΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°Νπ°ππ»
ππΌπ°ΝππΌπ°ΝSHGAHβΏ-shgahβΏ1keep moving2move again and againThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππΌπ°Ν
ππΌπ»shgee1also2too3evenππ°ππ»ππ°ππ» ππΌπ» π°ππ±.They don't even work.4even though5in addition6as wellQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 207) that this term is "often used as a way of implying 'and.'" She also notes that it is often not glossed in English. For example, hcΓ htΔ
Δ
ska Ε‘ki 'a big white house' (lit., 'big house also white').
ππΌπ»ππ°ΝSHGEE-dahβΏ1too2evenThe idea of "even" here does not refer to flat or equal.3for his partMalecfππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»
ππΝπΌπ·1SHOHβΏ-keh1wolfcfππΝπΌπ· ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΝπΌπ·2ππ°Ν2
ππΝπΌπ· ππ°ΝSHOHβΏ-keh tahβΏcont. var.ππΝ ππ°Ν1wolfcfππΝπΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππΝπΌπ·2ππ°Ν2
ππΝπΌπ·ππ»SHOHβΏ-keh-tsee1doghouse2kennelunspec. comp. form ofππΝπΌπ·2ππ»1
ππΝππ»ΝπΌπ°1shohβΏ-MEEβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππΝππ»ΝππΝππ»Νπ·1female dog2bitchunspec. comp. form ofππΝcont. var. ofππΝπΌπ·2ππ»ΝπΌπ°1
ππΝππ»ΝπΌπ°2shohβΏ-MEEβΏ-kahSHOHβΏ-meeβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππΝππ»ΝπΌπ·1CatholicQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 209) that this term is "after an early Catholic missionary named Father Shoemaker."
ππΝππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ°πΌ'πshohβΏ-MEEβΏ-kah wah-k'OH1nunCatholic womanunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ»ΝπΌπ°2ππ°πΌβπ
ππππ·SHOH-dsehunspec. var.πππ·arch. var.ππππ·1smokenoun2smokyadjective3dingyadjective4grayadjective
ππΝππ·ππ»shohβΏ-DSEH-zee1testiclescfππΝππππunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·πππunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·
ππΝππππshohβΏ-DSOH-sΓΌarch. var.ππΝπ΅πππππΝππππ1testiclescfππΝππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·πππ
ππΝππ»ΝSHOHβΏ-zheeβΏ1puppyunspec. comp. form ofππΝcont. var. ofππΝπΌπ·2ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
πππ°ΝshdahβΏ1all the time2incessantly3always4a lot5constantly6continuously7keep on doing somethingcfπΉπ°ππ»ππ°Ν3
πππ°πΉπ°SHDAH-hahunspec. var.πππ°1shiny and smooth (as a lake surface)2slick3bald4hairless5cleared
πππ·ππ·SHDSEH-thehunspec. var.ππ΅π·ππ·1doctor a person2administer medical care to someoneunspec. comp. form of-ππ·
πππ»ΝshdseeβΏunspec. var.ππ΅π»π·πππ»Νπ·1you are (a certain way)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 204) that this is a "[rare variant 2nd person sg. of Γ°Δ― 'be a certain way, exist as' (more usual form is nΔ―)]."unspec. comp. form ofπ-ππ»Ν1
πππππ·2SHDSOO-dsehunspec. var.ππ΅πππ·1warm (e.g., clothing, a house; not used of people)
ππππ°ππ·shΓΌ-BAH-theh1slipped off of its own accord, as a belt from a wheel, in machineryunspec. comp. form of*ππππ·
π
ππ°5tah1shall2will, be going to3could, so that it could/might be4what if, were it the case that, would beQuintero notes that this sense is a future tense marker/irrealis marker.
ππ°Ν1dahβΏunspec. var.ππΝ31if2provided that3when4since5because6and7duringDorsey notes that, "It connects similar moods and tenses of verbs."
ππ°Ν2tahβΏunspec. var.ππΝ41big, full size2become big, grow, increase in size, enlarge3oldest, eldestThis term is a contracted form of taβΏka, and is usually used as a suffix. Use of this suffix, while expressing something as big, could also carry the idea of there also being different smaller sizes available. Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 84) that "This form is said to imply a smaller size than does the form htΔ
Μka."cfππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°Ν4dahβΏ1indeed2really3trulyFemaleThis term is often used to end a declarative sentence with the one(s) being addressed being some distance away.cfπ»Νππ°ππ1π2
ππ° π°πΌππ°TAH ah-KXAH1implies that something may soon occurcfππ° π°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°ππ°1ππ° πΌππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5πΌππ·ππ° πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°5πππ°Νππ° ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5ππ·5unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°πΌππ°1
ππ° π°ππ°TAH ah-BAH1will beThis term is not a universal "will be," but rather it means "will be" in the confines of the use of "aba."Dorsey notes that this is the "cl. fut. of aba."cfππ° π°πΌππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°πΌππ°1ππ° πΌππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5πΌππ·ππ° πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°5πππ°Νππ° ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5ππ·5unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°ππ°1
ππ° πΉπ· ππ°ππππ·tah HEH bah-XOHβΏ-behunspec. var.ππ° πΉπ· ππ°ππΝππ»1Novemberwhen the deer break (shed) their hornsThis month is the first month of winter.cfπΉπΏπ° ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπΏπ°ππ»-ππ·ππ° πΌπ»ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΌπ»πΌ-2ππππ·1-ππ·ππ° πππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πππππ·-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΉπ·1ππ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝ-ππ·unspec. comp. form of-π°ππ»ππ·3
ππ° πΌπ»ππππ°ππ·tah KEE-thΓΌ-xah-behunspec. var.ππ° πΌπ»ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ° πΌπππππ°ππ·1OctobercfπΉπΏπ° ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπΏπ°ππ»-ππ·ππ° πΉπ· ππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΉπ·1ππ°ππΝ-ππ·ππ° πππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πππππ·-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΌπ»πΌ-2ππππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ--ππ·unspec. comp. form of-π°ππ»ππ·3
ππ° πΌππ·tah KSHEH1the one who is lying down willcfππ° π°πΌππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°πΌππ°1ππ° π°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°ππ°1ππ° πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°5πππ°Νππ° ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5ππ·5unspec. comp. form ofππ°5πΌππ·
ππ° ππ°Νππ°Ν πππ·ππ·tah NAHβΏ-tahβΏ SDSEH-dsehunspec. var.ππ° ππ°Νππ° πππ·ππ·1mule deerlong-eared deerunspec. comp. form ofππ°2ππ°Νππ°Νπππ·ππ·
ππ° πππππ°ππ·TAH bΓΌ-SPAH-behunspec. var.ππ° ππ»πππ°ππ»1Septemberthe does crouch to hideThis term ends with -e. If the suffix -be/-bi (they) is added to this term, the -e becomes -a.cfπΉπΏπ° ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπΏπ°ππ»-ππ·ππ° πΉπ· ππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΉπ·1ππ°ππΝ-ππ·ππ° πΌπ»ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πΌπ»πΌ-2ππππ·1-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°2πππππ·-ππ·unspec. comp. form of-π°ππ»ππ·3
ππ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°tah TAHβΏ-kah1buckbig deerThis term refers to a buck because the male deer are larger than the females.unspec. comp. form ofππ°2ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ° πππ°Νtah TXAHβΏ1the one who is standing willThe txaβΏ portion of this term is conjugated as needed.cfππ° π°πΌππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°πΌππ°1ππ° π°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°ππ°1ππ° πΌππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5πΌππ·ππ° ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5ππ·5unspec. comp. form ofππ°5πππ°Ν
ππ° ππ·tah TSEH1forms a general assertion, what is universal, abstract, etc.Dorsey notes that this is the "cl. fut. of tse." This phrase often carries the idea of "will eventually" or "will someday."cfππ° π°πΌππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°πΌππ°1ππ° π°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°5π°ππ°1ππ° πΌππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°5πΌππ·ππ° πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°5πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°5ππ·5
ππ° ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ°TAH theeβΏ-KSHEH-nah1future perfect referring to a sitting objectunspec. comp. form ofππ°5ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌππ·-ππ°
ππ° ππ·πππΉπΏπ»tah WEH-thΓΌ-hleearch. var.ππ° ππ·πππππ»1brain
ππ°π΄π°ΝDAH-brahβΏ1smell from heating or body heat2emanate an odor while being heated (as in cooking/burning, refers to either a good or bad odor)unspec. comp. form ofππ°-π΄π°Ν
ππ°ΝπΉπ·dahβΏ-HEHunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΉπ»1well2wonderful3good4better or well, as after sickness5importantππ»πΌ'π°ππ»Νπ° ππ°ΝπΉπ·an important manππ»πΌ'π°ππ»Νπ° ππ°ΝπΉπ·πππ»a very important mancfππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ°πΏπ»Ν
ππ°ΝπΉπ· π°πΌπ»ππ»ΝdahβΏ-HEH ah-GEE-zheeβΏ1admire or think well of his ownunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1ππ°ΝπΉπ· π°ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ·π°ππ»Ν
ππ°ΝπΉπ· π°ππ»ΝdahβΏ-HEH ah-ZHEEβΏ1think well of2admirecfππ°πΏπ»Ν π°ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΏπ»Νπ°ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ·π°ππ»Ν
ππ°πΉπΏπππ·DAH-hlΓΌ-beharch. var.ππ°πππππ·1be boiled till ready to fall to piecesunspec. comp. form ofππ°-
ππ°πΉπ ππππΝTAH-hΓΌ thΓΌ-SHOHβΏarch. var.ππ°πΉπ ππππΝ1break the neck of somethingThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΉπππππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππ°πΌπ°ππ·DAH-kah-dseh1hot to the touch2hotThis term is not usually used to refer to people.
ππ°πΌπ·dah-GEH1fightintransitive verb2go to warintransitive verb3fightingadjectiveππ°πΌπ· ππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°a fighting man4fightnoun5fightingnoun6warnoun
ππ°πΌπ· ππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°dah-GEH NEE-kah-shee-gah1fighting man2boxer3wrestler4pugilistunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ·ππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ°
ππ°ππ°ΝTAH-mahβΏ1ringing sound as of metalThis term does not refer to the act of ringing a bell, but rather the actual ring of a bell.cfπΌπ°ππ°Ν
ππ°ππ»TAH-nee1soup2coffee, when prepared for drinkingunspec. comp. form ofππ°1ππ»1
ππ°ππ°ππ·DAH-pah-theh1make a hide round, as when one cuts from it things for lariats, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°-ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ·DAH-bah-xeh1burn a cord or string in two, as fire doescfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°Νππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ·DAH-bah-xeh-theh1cause fire to burn a cord, etc., in twocfππ°ππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·2-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·-ππ·
ππ°ππ·ππtah-BEH-sΓΌtah-BEH-soo1curved stick used by the Osage men in playing all2ball stickcfππ°πππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·
ππ°ππππΌπ°TAH-poh-sgahunspec. var.ππ°ππππΌπ°1teacher2school teacher3missionary
ππ°ππππ·DAH-bΓΌ-zeh1become dry from exposure to the air or heatunspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππππ·
ππ°ππππ· πΌπ°ππ·DAH-bΓΌ-zeh GAH-xeh1dry, as corn, by exposing it to the air, etc.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππππ·πΌπ°ππ·1
ππ°ππ»πΌπ·DAH-see-geh1cause to leap forth, as a fire does2send out a coal or sparkunspec. comp. form ofππ°-
ππ°ππ»ππ· πΌπ°ππ·DAH-see-zeh GAH-xeh1make a zhaβΏ wezhapshe, etc., sharp at the point by burning it a littleThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-πΌπ°ππ·1
ππ°ππΌπ°ΝDAH-sgahβΏ1be melted by heats, as liquids which have been frozen, metals, grease, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππΌπ°Νunspec. var. ofππΌπ°Ν
ππ°ππ°Ν1DAH-dahβΏunspec. var.ππ°ππ°1what (interrogative)ππ°ππ°Λ ππ°Λππ°ΛπΏπ° ππ»Λπ·?What clan are you?2what3thing(s)4anything, something5something6what, whatever (indefinite or relative)7what kind, what sort, what type, what class of (interrogative)8do what (interrogative)9whyππ°ππ°Ν ππ ππ°ππ·?Why are you coming?
ππ°Νππ°ΝTAHβΏ-dahβΏarch. var.π'π°Νππ°Ν1during the autumnunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν3ππ°Ν1
ππ°ππ·2DAH-tseh1burn a cord or string in two, as a fire doescfππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-
ππ°ππ· πππ»ππππ·tah-DSEH oh-THEE-shoh-sheharch. var.ππ°ππ· πππ»ππππ·1whirlwindunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1
ππ°ππ· ππ°πΌπ»tah-DSEH SAH-gee1high windunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·1ππ°πΌπ»
ππ°π'π·πΌπ°DAH-ts'eh-gah1dried, withered, injured, or killed by heatunspec. comp. form ofππ°-
ππ°Νππ·πΌπ»TAHβΏ-dseh-gee1of or belonging to the prairie2at, or on the groundunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·πΌπ»
ππ°Νππ·πΌπ» ππππππππ°TAHβΏ-dseh gee BΓ-sdoh-sdah1prairie blackberry or dewberrythe blackberry on the groundunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·πΌπ»ππππππππ°1
ππ°ππ·ππ·DAH-tseh-theh1cause a fire to burn cord, etc., in twocfππ°ππ°ππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°ππ·-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°--ππ·
ππ°ππ°TAH-thahtah-THAHarch. var.π'π°ππ°1fallen to pieces2fall apart or to pieces3come unplaited4crumble5ruincfπΏπ°ππ°
ππ°Νππ»ΝTAHβΏ-theeβΏarch. var.π'π°Νππ»Ν1run, as a person2run3hurry along4walk fast5move fastcfππ°ΝπΌπ·
ππ°Νππ°ΝTAHβΏ-wahβΏ1town2villageThis term can be used simply as "town" as in "I'm going to town." If you are using the name of a town or city in conversation, first you name that town, then you almost always follow up with this term.
ππ°Νππ°ΝπΏπ°ΝTAHβΏ-wahβΏ-lahβΏ1clanππ°ππ°Λ ππ°Λππ°ΛπΏπ° ππ»Λπ·?What clan are you?2village3tribe4city
ππ°πππ»TAH-xdsee1deerDorsey notes that this term means "a real ta."cfππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°2-πππ»
ππ°ππ»DAH-zhee1go out2not burn3become extinguished4extinguished, gone out, as a fire or lampunspec. comp. form ofππ°-π°ππ»
ππ²tahβΏ-EEβΏTAHβΏ-eeβΏunspec. var.π'π»Ν21sandpiper2woodcock3curlew4a genus of birds, including the field or prairie lark, spotted sandpiper or tip-up, plover, curlew, etc.
ππ² ππ° π·πΌπΝtahβΏ-EEβΏ pah eh-GOHβΏarch. var.ππ² ππ° π·πΌπΝ1warclub, terminating in a knob, to which an iron point is securedunspec. comp. form ofππ²ππ°5π·πΌπΝ
ππ² ππ»πΉπ»TAHβΏ-eeβΏ zhee-HEEunspec. var.π'π»Ν ππ»πΉπ»1marbled godwitDorsey notes that this is "'the reddish-yellow t'iβΏ,' smaller than the t'iβΏ taβΏka. Eaten by the Osages, when its (sic) is boiled or roasted (zhelaβΏ). Its former name was koka taβΏka."cfπΌππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ²ππ»πΉπ»
π'π»Ν ππ»πΉπ»t'eeβΏ zhee-HEEunspec. comp. form ofπ'π»Ν2unspec. var. ofππ²ππ»πΉπ»unspec. var. ofππ² ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ²ππ»πΉπ»
ππ2dohunspec. var.ππΝ21barely2hardly3only to a limited degree or barely representative amount
πππΉπTOH-hoharch. var.πππΉππ'ππΉπ1blue2greenThis term can refer to either blue or green, however in modern Osage, it is usually relegated to blue, with maβΏhiβΏ toho being used for green. Choho (green), given by Dorsey, does not appear to have made it into modern Osage.cfπ΅ππΉπ
πππΉπ ππ»πΉπ° π·πΌπΝTOH-hoh nee-HAH EH-gohβΏarch. var.π'ππΉπ ππ»πΉπ° π·πΌπΝ1greenblue resembling the green scum that rises on water in springsunspec. comp. form ofπππΉπππ»πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»1πΉπ°1π·πΌπΝ
πππΉπ ππππ·TOH-hoh XOH-dseharch. var.π'ππΉπ ππππ·1bluish-grayunspec. comp. form ofπππΉπππππ·
πππΉπ ππππ· π·πΌπΝTOH-hoh ZHOO-dseh EH-gohβΏTOH-hoh ZHΓ-dseh EH-gohβΏarch. var.πππΉπ ππππ· π·πΌπΝπ'ππΉπ ππππ· π·πΌπΝ1purplelike blue-red; blue like redunspec. comp. form ofπππΉπππππ·π·πΌπΝ
πππΌπ·ππ°ΝDOH-geh-dahβΏ1during the summerunspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ·ππ°Ν1
πππΏπ°ΝTOH-lahβΏunspec. var.ππ°ππΏπ°Ν1sandwich2meat pie (original meaning)unspec. comp. form ofππ°1ππΏπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ-
ππππ»πΏπ·toh-NEE-leharch. var.ππππ»πΌππ·ππππ»ΝπΌππ·1rainbow
ππΝππ·DOHβΏ-behcont. var.ππΝ1ππΝπ·ππΝπ·Νππ1seetransitive verb2observetransitive verb3watchtransitive verb4lookverb5look at, on, or upontransitive verb
ππππΌπ°DOH-sgah1potato (Irish or commercial)white potatounspec. comp. form ofππ1ππΌπ°1
ππππ°2DOH-daharch. var.ππππ°1in this direction2on this side of a certain place or pointcfπΌπππ°
ππππ°Νdoh-DAHβΏunspec. var.ππππ°1arch. var.ππππΝππππ°Ν1warnoun2warpathnoun3go to warverb4scoutingverb5scouting aloneverb6looking for enemiesverb
ππππ°Ν πΉπ ππ°ΝπΌπ°doh-DAHβΏ hΓΌ TAHβΏ-kah1large war partyunspec. comp. form ofππππ°ΝπΉπ3ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππππ°πππ°ΝDOH-dah-txahβΏarch. var.ππππ°πΌππ°Νππππ°πππ°Ν1the standing animate object, in sight, which is on this side of a certain place or pointDorsey notes that, "The correlative of godatxaβΏ is dodatxaβΏ."cfπΌπππ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπΌπππ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππππ°2πππ°Ν
ππππ· ππ°ππ·DOH-zeh SAH-beh1black loonblack loonunspec. comp. form ofππππ·2ππ°ππ·
ππππ·DOH-zheh1flat, flattened or mashed (said of a soft object)2squashed, deflated (e.g., an object that formerly contained something)
ππππTOH-zhooTOH-zhΓΌ1meat pieππππ ππ°ππ°Λ π°π΄π»Λ.I have five meat pies.cfππ»π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππ
πππ°ΝtxahβΏunspec. var.πΌππ°ΝππΌππ°Νπππ°2πππ°11continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular animate standing subject; also may indicate initiation of an activity by subject regardless of position2the standing animate object3positional article for a singular animate standing entity (usually not the subject of a verb describing action)cfπΌπ·2πΌππ·ππ°4ππ·1ππ·1ππ°Νππ·1ππ»ΝπΌππ·
π
π'π°πΌπ·ts'AH-geh1father-in-law (of a male) (my)2his wife's father3an aged man4to be an aged man5old man6to be an old manThis term is both a kinship term (father-in-law) and an adjective (to be an old man). This means it can be conjugated two ways. If it is conjugated with the stand alone possessive pronouns such as wita (my) or thita (your), then the idea is the kinship term of father-in-law. For example, ts'age wita (my father-in-law). However, if it is conjugated as an adjective, then the idea is "to be an old man." For example, aβΏts'age (I'm an old man), thits'age (you're an old man), etc.Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cf*ππ»πΌππ'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°π'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°
π'π°πΌπ· πΉπ»ts'AH-geh hee1arrive at old ageDorsey notes that this term is "said by or of a man."This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·π°πΉπ»
π'π°πΌπ· π»ππ°ts'AH-geh EE-tah1father-in-law (of a male) (his)cfπ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πΌππ'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°π'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·π»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
π'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°ts'AH-geh THEE-tah1father-in-law (of a male) (your)cfπ'π°πΌπ·π'π°πΌπ· π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·π»ππ°1ππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
π'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°ts'AH-geh WEE-tah1father-in-law (of a male) (my)2my wife's fathercf*ππ»πΌππ'π°πΌπ·π'π°πΌπ· π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·π»ππ°1ππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
π'π°πΌπ· ππ»ΝπΌπ°ts'AH-geh ZHEEβΏ-kah1old man2venerable old man3ancestor4one of the ancients, supernatural beings, or deitiesunspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ΝπΌπ°
π'π°ππ»ts'AH-zhee1cross2crucifix3clubs (suit in a deck of cards)dies notcfπΉπ°ππ°Νππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ°πΉπ»1ππ· ππ°πΉπ°ππ°Νππ·2unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·π°ππ»
π'π±ππ»Νts'AH-ee-zheeβΏ1husband2husband (my)3elderly manQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 27) that this term is "used by anyone referring to an elderly man."Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 27) that this term is "typically used by an older woman speaking to or referring to her elderly husband."cfπ'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°
π'π±ππ»Ν π»ππ°ts'AH-ee-zheeβΏ EE-tah1husband (his/her)cfπ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ° π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°π»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νπ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
π'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°ts'AH-ee-zheeβΏ THEE-tah1husband (your)cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
π'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°ts'AH-ee-zheeβΏ WEE-tah1husband (my)cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°π'π±ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ·1tseharch. var.π΅π·11the (standing inanimate or animate object)2the (abstract object)3positional article for standing inanimate singular nonsubject (also used for intangible entities: e.g., heart attack, song, pain)4positional article for plural sitting nonsubjects (those that would take thiβΏkshe when singular)5the standing inanimate object6the collection of inanimate objectsππ°πΏπ·ππ· ππ·the pile of books7used as a sign of completed action in past timeπ°ππ°ππ· ππ» π°πHe or they went, departed8used adverbially: whenπΌπ°ππ»Ν πΌπππ°πΉπ° ππ·on the day after tomorrowThis term does not literally mean "when" (as in "When are you going to town?"), but rather, as the example sentence states, "on the day after tomorrow."Dorsey notes that for this term, (tsi before "a").cfπΌπ·2πΌππ·ππ°4ππ·1πππ°Νππ°Νππ·1ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ·2tseh1buffalo2female buffaloThis is the generic term for a buffalo (male or female), but in one respect, it can also refer to a female buffalo. In some ways, this term is used in construction as a generic term for animal.cfππππ·
π'π·ts'eh1die2be dead3death4the dead5dead personThis particular term is listed as an adjective, but it is conjugated as a verb.
π'π· πΌπΝππ·ts'EH gohβΏ-ZEH1pretend to dieThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·πΌπΝππ·2
ππ· πππΌπ°tseh DOH-gahunspec. var.ππ· πππΌπ°1buffalo bullunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππΌπ°2
ππ· πππΌπ° πππΉπ°tseh DOH-gah XOO-hahtseh DOH-gah XΓ-hahunspec. var.ππ· πππΌπ° πππΉπ°1buffalo bull hideunspec. comp. form ofππ· πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππΌπ°2πππΉπ°
ππ· πππΌπ° ππ·tseh DOH-gah zhehunspec. var.ππ· πππΌπ° ππ·1penis of a buffalo bullunspec. comp. form ofππ· πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππΌπ°2ππ·2
ππ· ππ·ππππTSEH tseh-THΓ-tsΓΌ1rib of a buffalo cowunspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·ππππunspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππππ
ππ·π°πΉπΏπ°ππ·tseh-AH-hlah-dsehunspec. var.ππ·πππ°ππ»1raspberry2raspberries
ππ·π°πΉπΏπ°ππ· πΉπtseh-AH-hlah-dseh hootseh-AH-hlah-dseh hΓΌ1raspberry bushunspec. comp. form ofππ·π°πΉπΏπ°ππ·πΉπ1
ππ·πΉπ°ππ°πΏπ·tseh-HAH-wah-lehunspec. var.ππ·πΉπ°ππ°πΌππ·1shield2rawhide shieldunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πΉπ°1
ππ·πΉπ»Νtseh-HEEβΏ1woman's yarn beltbuffalo hairunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πΉπ»Ν2
ππ·πΌπ°TSEH-gah1newadjective2anewadjective3freshadjective4recentadjective5just nowadverb6newlyadverb7recentlyadverb8just a while agoadverb
π'π·πΌπ° ππΌ'π°Νts'EH-gah OH-k'ahβΏ1funny stuff2foolish actsunspec. comp. form ofπ'π·πΌπ°ππΌ'π°Ν
π'π·πΌπ»ππ·ts'EH-kee-thehunspec. var.π'π·πΌπ»π·1kill oneself2commit suicidecause oneself to dieunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-2π'π·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·-ππ·
ππ·πΏπ»Ν π°πΏπ»Νtseh-LEEβΏ AH-leeβΏ1bicyclesit upon a wheelunspec. comp. form ofππ·πΏπ»Νπ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Ν
π'π·πΏπΝππ»Νts'EH-lohβΏ-theeβΏunspec. var.π'π·πΏπΝππ·1giddy2running here and there, not satisfied anywhere3dead drunk, excited, out of one's mindunspec. comp. form ofπ'π·πΏπΝππ»Ν
ππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ°tseh-MEEβΏ-kah1buffalo cowunspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ»ΝπΌπ°1
ππ·ππΌπ°1TSEH-sgahtseh-SGAH1cow (not necessarily female)2head of cattle3domestic cow or ox4beefwhite buffalounspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππΌπ°1
ππ·ππΌπ°2TSEH-sgah1perhaps2it may beDorsey notes that this is the "fut. of ska."unspec. comp. form ofππ·5ππΌπ°2
ππ·ππΌπ° ππ°ππ° ππΏπ»ΝTSEH-sgah BAH-tah oh-LEEβΏtseh-SGAH BAH-tah oh-LEEβΏ1cow's wombunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππΌπ°1ππ°ππ° ππΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππΏπ»Ν
ππ·ππΌπ° ππ° πππΌπ°TSEH-sgah tah DOH-kahtseh-SGAH tah DOH-kah1fresh beefunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππΌπ°1ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1
ππ·ππΌπ° πππΌπ°TSEH-sgah DOH-gahtseh-SGAH DOH-gahunspec. var.ππ·ππΌπ° πππΌπ°1bullunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππΌπ°1πππΌπ°2
ππ·ππΌπ° ππ»ΝπΌπ°TSEH-sgah ZHEEβΏ-kahtseh-SGAH ZHEEβΏ-kah1calfunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππΌπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππΌπ°1ππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ·ππ·ππ·tseh-DSEH-xeh1bladdercfππ·ππ·ππ»πππunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»πππ
ππ·ππ»TSEH-dsee1by or near the standing inanimate object2by or near the collection or inanimate objects3at, by, or near the time, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ·1ππ»3
π'π·ππ·ts'EH-theh1kill2slay3assassinate4murder5make die6cause to diedie - causeunspec. comp. form ofπ'π·-ππ·
ππ·ππ· π°πΏπ»ΝTSEH-theh AH-leeβΏ1bicycleunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·1π°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°-2πΏπ»Ν
ππ·ππππtseh-THΓ-tsΓΌ1rib of any animalunspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππππ
ππ·ππ·ππ»1DSEH-xeh-neeunspec. var.ππ·ππ·ππ»2ππ·ππ·ππ»Ν1drumunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·1ππ»1
ππ·ππ·ππ» πΌπ°ππ·DSEH-xeh-nee GAH-xeh1tie the drumThis term doesn't literally say "tie (the) drum," but rather says "make (the) drum." The context, however, refers to wrapping and tying a drum.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·1ππ»1πΌπ°ππ·1
ππ·ππ·ππ» πππ»ΝDSEH-xeh-nee oh-TSEEβΏ1drum boss2drumstickcfππ·ππ·ππ» πππ»Ν πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1πππ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·1ππ»1πππ»Ν
ππ·ππ·ππ» πππ»Ν πππ·DSEH-xeh-nee oh-TSEEβΏ sdseh1drumstickcfππ·ππ·ππ» πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·1ππ»1πππ»Νπππ·cont. var. ofπππ·ππ·
ππ·ππ·ππ»ΝDSEH-xeh-zheeβΏ1small kettleunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·1ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ·ππππ· ππ»ΝπΌπ°TSEH-xoh-beh ZHEEβΏ-kahunspec. var.ππ·ππππ· ππ»ΝπΌπ°1spiderunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππππ·ππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ·ππ·ππ»πππDSEH-zheh-nee-oh-ZHOODSEH-zheh-nee-oh-ZHΓ1bladdercfππ·ππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·ππ»1πππ
ππ»1tsee1housenoun2lodgenoun3tentnoun4dwellingnoun5hovelnoun6nestnoun7campintransitive verb8make campintransitive verbcfππ»πΉπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»1
ππ»ΝtseeβΏunspec. var.ππ»4ππ»π·arch. var.ππ»Νπ'π»Ν1ππ»Νπ·1appearintransitive verb2showintransitive verb3visibleadjective
ππ» πππ·ππ°ΝπΌπ·tsee OH-xeh-mahβΏ-keh1frost within a lodgeunspec. comp. form ofππ»1π-ππ·ππ°ΝπΌπ·
ππ» ππ»ππ»TSEE PEE-zhee1shackbad houseunspec. comp. form ofππ»1ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»
ππ»πΌπ°ππ·TSEE-kah-sheh1Chickasaw2Chickasawscfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ»πΏπ·1TSEE-leh1liveintransitive verb2resideintransitive verb3make a homeintransitive verb4set up a householdintransitive verb5set up housekeepingintransitive verb6housenoun7homenoun8householdnoun9familynounFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.unspec. comp. form ofππ»1
ππ»πΏπ·2TSEE-lehunspec. var.ππ»πΌππ·1denoting sudden actionThis term is used after verbs.cfππ»ππ·
ππ»ππtsee-POHunspec. var.ππ»ππ1Ojibwe2ChippewaDorsey's exact definition for this term is "the Wadjibwe, Ojibways, or Chippewas."cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
π'π»Νππ°ts'EEβΏ-shah1crooked2curved3bent over (as a person, a tree, or a hooked staff)4bent a little, as the horns of a cow5cramped
ππ»πππ°ΝTSEE-txahβΏ1from the standing inanimate object, or collection of objectsππ» ππ»πππ°Νfrom the lodge or house2fromunspec. comp. form ofππ·1πππ°Ν
ππ»ππ»ππ·tsee-TSEE-zheh1sound word - frequent cracking or crackling sounds2frequent crackling sounds, as of boughs or twigs in breakingThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ·2
ππ»ππ·TSEE-theh1used after another verb to mark sudden action2begin, commence, or start suddenly (as one person)3come forth, as an infant at birthcfππ»πΏπ·2
π'π»Νππ°ts'EEβΏ-xahunspec. var.π'π»Νππ·1crooked, bent over (referring to a human body)
ππ»ππ·2tsee-ZHEH1sound word - cracking or crackling sound2crackling sound, as when a bough or twig is brokencfπΌππΌπ·ππππΌπ·ππππ·
ππ»ππ·ππ·tsee-ZHEH-behcont. var.ππ»ππ·11door2doorway3entrance to a lodgeunspec. comp. form ofππ»1
ππ»ππTSEE-zhoh1golden eaglecfπΉπ°ΝπΌπ° πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ΝπΌπ°πΏπ·ππ·
πππππ°TSOH-shpah1grandchild (my)2grandchild (your)3pal, friend, buddyQuintero notes (Osage Grammar, page 484), "hcoΕ‘pΓ‘, a shortened form of wihcΓ³Ε‘pa, Γ°ihcΓ³Ε‘pa, is also used for 'my/your grandchild.' In addition to its original meaning, it is used to mean 'pal, friend, buddy.'"cf*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°*πΉπΝ*πΌπ*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν*ππΝπΌπ°*ππ»πΌ'π·*ππ°ΝπΉπ°*ππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ·ππ»Ν*ππΝππ·*ππ·πΌπ»*ππ»πΌπ*ππ»ππ»*ππ»ππ»*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ*ππ»ππ*ππππΌπ°*ππ°ππ·*ππ»ΝπΌπ·*ππ»Νππ·*ππΝπ°*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»πΌππ°Ν
ππtsootsΓΌunspec. var.πππ·arch. var.π΅π1copulate2copulate with3have intercourse withcfπ°ππ»Νπ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»Ν1π°ππ°Ν
πππΌπ·TSOO-gehTSΓ-gehunspec. var.πππΌπ°1spoon2shovel3abalone shellQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 63) that "Osage spoons were originally clamshells from creeks, used only for scraping corn, with little ones for children, larger ones for adults; this term is now used for spoons of other materials such as metal, plastic, or wood."cfππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2
ππππ°ππ»DSOO-dah-zhee1unripe2green (e.g., unripe fruit)3raw4uncooked5undercookedunspec. comp. form ofππππ·π°ππ»
ππππ·DSOO-dsehDSΓ-dseh1done (e.g., in cooking)adjective2cookedadjective3bakedadjective4ripeadjective5mellowadjective6mature (e.g., fruit and grain)adjective7cook well donetransitive verb8ripe, as fruittransitive verb9blistered by heattransitive verb
π
ππ°ΝthahβΏ1the (sitting curvilinear object)cfπΌπ·2πΌππ·ππ°4ππ·1πππ°Νππ·1ππ·1ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ°π΄π»Ν2THAH-breeβΏarch. var.ππ°πππ»Ν1thrice2three timesThe pronunciation of thabriβΏ remains the same, even with the addition of the suffix -iβΏ. That being the case, the pronunciation and spelling of both thabriβΏ (three) and thabriβΏ (three times) are indistinguishible, and therefore context must be provided in conversation.unspec. comp. form ofππ°π΄π»Ν1-π»Ν
ππ°π΄π»Νππ°Νππ·THAH-breeβΏ-THAHβΏ-theharch. var.ππ°πππ»Νππ°Νππ·1three to each2by threesunspec. comp. form ofππ°π΄π»Ν1ππ°Νππ·
ππ°π΄πΝπ΄πΝππ·thah-BROHβΏ-brohβΏ-zeharch. var.ππ°πππΝπππΝππ·1chew repeatedly, as corn, till very fineThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°π΄πΝππ·thah-BROHβΏ-zeharch. var.ππ°πππΝππ·1chew till fine, as cornunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°Νπ΅π°ππ»thahβΏ-CHAH-zhee1not aptcfππ°Νπππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1π°ππ»ππ°Νππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ»
ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»thahβΏ-KAH-dsee1to, by, or near the animate objects or objects which were formerly animatecfπΌππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌππ·π·ππ»2ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌππ·π·ππ»2unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. var. ofππ°ΝπΌππ°π·ππ»2
ππ°πΌ'π·πΌπ»ππ·thah-k'EH-kee-thehunspec. var.ππ°πΌ'π·πΌπ»π·1be good to each other2be kind to each other3pity each other4pity oneself5feel sorry for oneselfunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'π·ππ·unspec. comp. form of-ππ·πΌπ»πΌ-2
ππ°πΌ'π·ππ·thah-k'EH-thehunspec. var.ππ°πΌ'π·π·ππ°πΌ'π·π»1feel sorry for2pity3pity him4be good to5be merciful to6have mercy on one7have mercy on him8take care of9bless10consider him miserableunspec. comp. form of-ππ·
ππ°πΌ'π»Νthah-k'EEβΏunspec. var.ππ°πΌ'π»1spitintransitive verb2spit ontransitive verb3spit outtransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ΝπΌππ°thahβΏ-KXAHunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌπ°1they who2the ones whoDorsey notes that this is the plural of thiβΏkshe, txaβΏ, the, and kshe.cfππ°ΝπΌππ°ππ·
ππ°πΏπ»ΝTHAH-leeβΏunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΏπ»Νarch. var.ππ°πΌππ»Ν1goodadjective2be goodadjective3feel good about somethingadjective4be gladadjective5thank you6fineadjective7splendidadjective8prettyadjective9beautifuladjective10handsomeadjective11good (e.g., the weather)adjective12welladverb13finelyadverb14skillfullyadverb15should16ought toDorsey notes that when "Used as an auxiliary, it implies duty, expediency." In this regard, he is talking about the English "should." For example, "You should eat." (i.e. "It would be good if you ate.")cfππ°ΝπΉπ°Νππ°ΝπΉπ·
ππ°πΏπ»Ν π°πΌπ»ππ»ΝTHAH-leeβΏ AH-gee-zheeβΏarch. var.ππ°πΌππ»Ν π°πΌπ»ππ»Ν1like or love his ownThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΏπ»ΝπΌπ»πΌ-1π°ππ»Ν
ππ°πΏπ»Ν π°ππ»ΝTHAH-leeβΏ ah-ZHEEβΏarch. var.ππ°πΌππ»Ν π°ππ»Ν1think well of one2loveThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfππ°ΝπΉπ· π°ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ·π°ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΏπ»Νπ°ππ»Ν
ππ°πΏπ»Ν πΌπ°ππ·THAH-leeβΏ GAH-xehunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΏπ»Ν πΌπ°ππ·1be successful2do good works3do goodThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΏπ»ΝπΌπ°ππ·1
ππ°πΏπ»ΝπΌπ»ππ·THAH-leeβΏ-kee-theh1make oneself good (e.g., with respect to one's behavior)unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΏπ»ΝπΌπ»πΌ-2-ππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ·thah-BAH-xeh1bite a string or cord in twocfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°Νππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·ππ»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππππΌπ·thah-PXOH-keharch. var.ππ°ππππΌπ·1make a smacking sound with the lips2crack the leaves of the zhaβΏ shabe hu with the tongueThe "zhaβΏ shabe hu" that Dorsey is referring to here is the redbud tree.cfπΌπ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππΌπ·ππ°ΝππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππππΌπ·ππ°ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππΌπ·
ππ°πππ·πΌπ·thah-STSEH-geh1gash the skin, etc., by biting: said of a horse, dog, etc., when biting clothing, etc.cfπΌπ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°πππ·πΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°πππ·πΌπ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·thah-SHGEE-geh1chewππ°ππ ππ°ππΌπ»πΌπ·I chew tobacco.2masticatecfππππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππΌπ»πΌπ·
ππ°ππππ·thah-SHOH-dsehunspec. var.ππ°πππ·1smoke (e.g., tobacco)2suckcfπΌπ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππππ·ππ°πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·
ππ°πππ·thah-SHPEH1bite off a piece from the outside of an objectcfππ°πππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·ππ°πππ·3unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·
ππ°πππ°Νthah-SHDAHβΏ1finish eating or drinking (from)2end or stop an activity involving the mouth3finish or stop eating, drinking, reading, talking, singing, crying, hallooing, etc.cfππ»πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πππ°Νππ»πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ°Ν
ππ°πππ°ππ·thah-SHDAH-behunspec. var.ππ°πππ°ππ·1lick2lick, as sugar off a cookie3tasteunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πππππ·thah-SHDOH-dseharch. var.ππ°πππππ·1draw an object into the mouth by inhalationcfππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ·πππππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ°Νthah-TAHβΏ1drink2drink water, etc.3puff4puff on5smokeunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°π'π°πΌπ·thah-ts'AH-geh1leftoveradjective2uneatenadjective3items one was unable to eatnoun4leftoversnouncfπππ'π°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*π'π°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*π'π°πΌπ·
ππ°Νππ°ππ»thahβΏ-TSAH-zhee1improbablyadverb2against all oddsadverb3impossibleadjective4unableadjectiveunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·1π°ππ»
ππ°ππ·1thah-TSEHarch. var.ππ°π΅π·1eat2eat any article of food (never used in the abstract)cfππΝπ΄π·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ·2thah-DSEH1call on someone's name2call, as by name3say the name of something or someone4call5define as6assign a name to something or someone7use a name for something or someone8say9pronounce10read11read (aloud)unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°Νππ·1thahβΏ-TSEHarch. var.ππ°Νπ΅π·21possible2suitable3appropriate4could5would6probable7look like8be at the point of happening9might10apt11ablecfππ°Νππ·1
ππ°Νππ·2THAHβΏ-dsehunspec. var.ππ°Νπ΅π·ππ°Νππ·2ππ°Νπ΅π·11heart2hearts (suit in a deck of cards)cfπΉπ°ππ°Νππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ»Νπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΉπ»Ν2ππ°πΉπ»1ππ· ππ°πΉπ°π'π°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·π°ππ»
ππ°Νππ· πππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°THAHβΏ-dseh OH-thee-sahβΏ-hah1afraidadjective2scarenoun3frightnounheart flutteringunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2πππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°
ππ°Νππ· ππΌπππ·THAHβΏ-dseh SKOO-theh1sweetheartThis term is a calque of English, which means it is a loan translation from English. In other words, it is an English expression, but translated into Osage.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππΌπππ·
ππ°Νππ· ππππ°πΌπ»THAHβΏ-dseh thoo-SAH-gee1heart attack2broken heartcfππ°Νππ· ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππππ°πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°πΌπ»
ππ°Νππ· ππΝTHAHβΏ-dseh xohβΏ1broken heartcfππ°Νππ· ππππ°πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππππ°πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·2ππΝ
ππ°ππ°thah-WAH1countintransitive verb2count outtransitive verb3measuretransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππΝthah-XOHβΏarch. var.ππ°ππΝ1break by mouth2break by biting or with the mouth3break, as a stick, by biting4bite off the end of a stickcfπΌπ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππΝππ°ΝππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππΝππ»ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝ
ππ°ππΝπΌπ·thah-XOHβΏ-keh1break into pieces by mouth2chew3chew into pieces4bite into small piecesunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πππ°πΌπ·thah-XDAH-geh1bite2bite, as a dog or snake doesunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππthah-ZOHunspec. var.ππ°ππ²1whoop2lulu3ululateunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππππ»thah-ZHOH-zheeunspec. var.ππ°ππΝππ»1insult by word2speak ill of3slander4malign5belittleunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ·1theh1positional article for a singular moving entity2the moving object3that, the aforesaidThis term has an extra suffix added on the first-person and second-person singular conjugations, and are themselves conjugated appropriately. The first-person suffix is -the, and the second-person suffix is -she.cfπΌπ·2πΌππ·ππ°4ππ·1πππ°Νππ·1ππ°Νππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ·2thehunspec. var.ππ»11that2this3those4these5theyQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 32) that the variant "thi" of this term is used "especially when followed by accented vowel."cfππ·1
ππ·3thehunspec. var.π·31indeed2sentence-final declarative marker ("oral period"; probably once limited to female speech but now optionally used by males as well)3oral period, used by femalesπ°ππ»ππ° ππ·I have felled it.
ππ· ππ»ΝπΌππ·THEH theeβΏ-KSHEH1this standing animate object2this curvilinear object3this partcfππ·πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ»ΝπΌππ·
ππ·πΌπ°theh-GAHTHEH-gah1there2here3these4be hereππ·πΌπ° ππ»ΝπΌππ·I'm here.5in this placeunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πΌπ°
ππ·πΌπ° π»πππ°Νtheh-GAH ee-TXAHβΏ1from this placeππ·πΌπ° π»πππ°Ν π°πΏπ°ππ» πHe went homeward from this place.2hencecfππ·πΌπ°ππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·2πΌπ°
ππ·πΌπ°πΉπ°theh-GAH-hah1this wayunspec. comp. form ofππ·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·2πΌπ°πΉπ°2
ππ·πΌπ°ππ°Ν2theh-GAH-tahβΏ1from this place2hencecfππ·πΌπ° π»πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ·2πΌπ°
ππ·πΌπΝTHEH-gohβΏarch. var.ππ·πΌπΝ1in this manner2thuscfπΌπ°πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ·2π·πΌπΝ
ππ·πΌπΝππ·theh-GOHβΏ-dsehunspec. var.ππ·πΌπΝππ»arch. var.ππ·πΌπΝ πΝππ»1now2at this momentThis variant form is used more often than its full form.
ππ·ππ°THEH-nahtheh-NAH1he who was moving in the pastunspec. comp. form ofππ·1-ππ°
ππ·πππ°ΝTHEH-txahβΏarch. var.ππ·ππ°Ν1this standing animate objectcfππ· πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππ°Νππ· ππ»ΝπΌππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ»ΝπΌππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·2πππ°Ν
ππ·ππ·THEH-tseharch. var.ππ·π΅π·1this collection or pile of inanimate objects2this collection inanimate objects3this standing inanimate objectunspec. comp. form ofππ·2ππ·1
ππ·ππ°ΝππΌπ°THEH-thahβΏ-sgah1this sizeππ°ππ°ππ· ππ·ππ°ΝππΌπ°He was swollen up to this size.2this largecfπΉπ°ππ°ππΌπ°Ν
ππ·ππ·THEH-theh1cause to go2send off an object3sudden actionunspec. comp. form ofπ°ππ·-ππ·
ππ·ππΝππ° πΉπ»ΝTHEH-xohβΏ-dah HEEβΏarch. var.ππ·ππΝππ° πΉπ»Ν1whiskerscheek hairunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππΝππ°πΉπ»Ν2
ππ·ππ· π»ππ°ππ·THEH-zeh ee-TAH-xeh1tip of the tongueunspec. comp. form ofππ·ππ·π»ππ°ππ·
ππ»2theeunspec. var.ππ»3ππ»Ν1ππ»Ν21sentence-final marker for command to singular addressee
ππ»Ν1theeβΏ1to be2be (a certain way)3live as4exist as5be characterized by [the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase]
ππ» π°πΌππ°THEE ah-KXAH1this one who stands, or who is the subject of an actionFor this term, the ending "e" changes to an "i" when the first sound on the next word is "a".unspec. comp. form ofππ·2π°πΌππ°2
ππ»π΄π°thee-BRAHunspec. var.πππ΄π°1spread, spread out, as a clothunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»π΄π»Νππ°thee-BREEβΏ-xah1fart loudly2make a loud fart3break wind noisilycfππ»ππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ»ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»π΄πππΌπ°thee-BROO-skah1wad up2flattenunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-π΄πππΌπ°
ππ»π·THEE-ehcont. var.ππ»31youpronoun2you (emphatic)pronoun3your turn4thou5thee6yecfπ°ΝπΌπππ°π·2ππ»π·
ππ»πΉπ°Νthee-HAHβΏTHEE-hahβΏunspec. var.ππ»πΉπ°1lift, pick up, hold up, or raise someone or somethingMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.cfππ°πΉπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΉπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-*πΉπ°Ν
ππ»ΝπΉπ°ΝtheeβΏ-HAHβΏyeeβΏ-HAHβΏunspec. var.ππ»ΝπΉπ°Ν1feminine imperative ending - implies strong command or prohibition2command, if not preceded by waβΏda3prohibition, if preceded by waβΏdaFemaleThe "waβΏda" noted in the definitions of this entry are placed before the verb, or if the sentence/clause is longer, it is placed after the subject of the sentence/clause, but before the object. For example, waβΏda + VERB + thiβΏhaβΏ, or SUBJECT + waβΏda + OBJECT + VERB + thiβΏhaβΏ.
ππ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°thee-HAHβΏ-kah1sister-in-law (wife's sister) (your)2sister-in-law (brother's wife, of a male) (your)cfπ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ»πΉπ»thee-HEE1scare an animal out of its retreat2scare off an animal, even when it is on the open prairie3scare a bird, animal, etc., out of its retreatunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»πΉπΏπΝπΌπ·thee-HLOHβΏ-kehthee-LOHβΏ-kehunspec. var.ππ»πΉπΏππΌπ·arch. var.ππ»ππππΌπ·1pinch2grasp in the claws, as the crawfish did the raccoonsunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»πΉπΏπππ·thee-HLOH-dsehthee-LOH-dseharch. var.ππ»πππππ·πππππππ·1peel2pull off a hide, as from a deer3peel, as fruit, by pulling off the skin4pull off skin, as from an animalcfππ°πΉπΏπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΉπΏπππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-*πΉπΏπππ·
ππ»πΉπΝthee-HOHβΏ1mother (your)cfπ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπΝπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπΝ
ππ»πΉπΝππ°Νthee-HOHβΏ-tahβΏ1aunt (mother's older sister) yourcfπ»πΉπΝππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΉπΝππ°Ν2π»ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°Νππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπΝππ°Ν2
ππ»πΉπΝππ»Νthee-HOHβΏ-zheeβΏ1aunt (mother's younger sister) (your)cfπ»πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΉπΝππ»Νπ»ππ°Νππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°Νππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπΝππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ»ΝπΌπ·1theeβΏ-KEHunspec. var.π»ΝπΌπ·2π»ΝπΌπ·11lack a thing2be devoid of3be lackingadjective4not have something any longeradjective5have nothingadjective6be without any thingadjective7be in want ofadjective8have noneadjective9there is noneadjective10none11gone12absent13extinct14nonexistent15lacking16pass away17vanish18not19not at all
ππ»ΝπΌπ·ππ°ππ·theeβΏ-KEH-wah-theh1exterminateunspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ·1ππ°-3-ππ·
ππ»πΌπthee-KOH1grandmother (your)2mother-in-law (husband's mother) (your)Quintero notes that when this term is used to express "your mother-in-law," it is "used only when speaking to a woman."3great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (your)4great aunt (father's mother's sister) (your)5mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (your)6father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (your)cfπ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΌπ
ππ»ΝπΌππ·theeβΏ-KSHEHunspec. var.π»ΝπΌππ·2π»ΝπΌππ·1π»ΝπΌππ»ππ»ΝπΌππ»1sitting singular animate or inanimate positional article (follows a noun or pronoun [usually not the subject of a sentence] that represents a singular sitting entity or singular round entity)2the one who3he or she who4the sitting animate object5the standing animate object6the curvilinear inanimate object7the curvilinear inanimate object (excluding land)8third person sitting continuative aspect markerDorsey notes that, "After a verb of motion, as gthe (le), it denotes a person riding." In one respect, this term can be thought of almost like how adding -ing to a verb in English indicates an ongoing action. The variant of this term (iβΏkshe) is used more often in modern Osage.While this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.cfπΌπ·2πΌππ·ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ°4ππ·1πππ°Νππ·1ππ°Νππ·1
ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ°theeβΏ-KSHEH-nah1he who was sitting in the past2they who were sitting together in the pastunspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌππ·-ππ°
ππ»ΝπΌππ·ππ»theeβΏ-KSHEH-dsee1to, by, or near the standing animate object2to, by, or near the one whocfπΌππ·ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌππ·π·ππ»2ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπ°π·ππ»2unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌππ·π·ππ»2
ππ»πΌππ»Νππ·thee-KSHEEβΏ-dsehunspec. var.πππΌππ»Νππ·1failure to get a good grasp or hold2fail to grasp an object, letting the hand pass by it3fail to grasp, as an animal, which is too active, eluding capturecfπΌπ°πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*πΌππ»Νππ·πΌπ°πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΌππ»Νππ·ππ°πΌππ»Νππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΌππ»Νππ·πππΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΌππ»Νππ·πππΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΌππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-*πΌππ»Νππ·
ππ»πΏπ·πΏπ·ππ·thee-LEH-leh-zeharch. var.ππ»πΌππ·πΌππ·ππ·πππΌππ·πΌππ·ππ·1forked lightningnoun2lightning that breaks into branches (forked lightning)noun3draw a forked or wavy linetransitive verbThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-πΏπ·ππ·
ππ»ππ»πΌπ°thee-NEE-kah1husband (your)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 155) that "nihka Γ°ihta is perferred over Γ°inihka."cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·π»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌπ°ππ»πΌπ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ°π'π±ππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π±ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°
ππ»πππ°πΉπ·thee-OH-bah-heh1the side of a solid inanimate object2the flank of an army, etc.3the side of a tribal circle, etc.
ππ»ππ°ππ·thee-BAH-xeh1break a cord in two by pullingcfπΌπ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°Νππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-ππ°ππ·
ππ»ππ»ππ°Νthee-BEE-xahβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππ»ππ°1fart2pass air or gas3break windcfππ»π΄π»Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ»ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππππ·thee-BOO-zeh1drycfππππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππππ·-ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-ππππ·
ππ»ππΌπ»1thee-SGEE1grab2grasp someone by the scruff of the neck3wad up or wad together (e.g., clothing at the back of the neck)unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππΌπ»2thee-SGEE1collect or assemble togetherunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νthee-SOHβΏ-eh-zheeβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππΝπ°ππ»Ν1brother (younger, of a female) (your)cfπ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπ·ππ»Νππ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν
ππ»ππΝπΌπ°thee-SOHβΏ-kah1brother (younger, of a male) (your)cfπ»ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπΌπ°ππ»ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ°
ππ»ππ»πΌ'π·thee-SHEE-k'eh1brother-in-law (husband's brother, of a female) (your)2brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a female) (your)3brother-in-law (husband's sister's husband, of a female) (your)cfπ»ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πΌ'π·ππ»ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌ'π·
ππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νthee-SHEE-kxahβΏ1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (your)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (your)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (your)4sister-in-law (your)Quintreo notes (Osage Dictionary, page 40) that this term is "probably used only when speaking to a woman about her sister-in-law."cfπ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌππ°Νππ»πΌππ°Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌππ°Νππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Ν
ππ»ππ»ππ·thee-SHEE-beh1pull open2unstrapcfππ»ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-*ππ»ππ·unspec. var. of*ππππ·
ππ»ππΌπ»thee-SHGEEunspec. var.ππππΌπ»1wring out a garment after washing it2wash (e.g., clothes, one's own or another's hair)3laundercfππ»ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππΌπ»πΌπ·thee-SHGEE-gehunspec. var.ππππΌπ»πΌπ·1wring clothing after washing itcfππ»ππΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νthee-SHGEE-dahβΏ1you too2you, for your part3you too, or for your partMalecfπ·ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ·2ππΌπ»ππ°Νππ»ππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»3ππ»ππ°Νππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»3cont. var. ofππ»π·ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»
ππ»πππ°Νthee-SHDAHβΏunspec. var.πππππ°Ν1finish2stop3stop (e.g., the weather stops doing something)4end5already (did something)6be finished (doing something) [approximate translation]7be finished8be through9be readyππ΅π»πππ°Ν?Are you ready?10drop11cease12let go of an object13finish or completecfππ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ°Νππ°πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-*πππ°Ν
ππ»ππππ·thee-SHOO-behthee-SHΓ-behunspec. var.ππππππ·1open (e.g., a can)2unlock and open (e.g., a door, a box)cfππ»ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3*ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-*ππππ·
ππ»ππ°THEE-tah1your2yours3be yours4thy5thinecfπ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ»ππ°Ν1thee-DAHβΏ1pull2pull, as with the handscfππ°ππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππ°Ν2thee-TAHβΏarch. var.ππ»π΅'π°Νππ»π'π°Ν1touch or feel an object with the hands2touch or feel3touch with the hand4feel someone or something5grasp6handle, knead, work something with the hand (e.g., when cutting up squash and removing seeds to get it ready to cook or when getting dance clothes ready to be used by hanging them out to air)unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°thee-TAHβΏ-hah1uncle (father's sister's husband) (your)2brother-in-law (wife's brother) (your)3brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a male) (your)Quintero notes that this term is "used only when speaking to a man."cfπ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ΝπΉπ°ππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΉπ°
ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·thee-TAHβΏ-keh1sister (older) (your)Quintero notes, "The 'older sister' terms designate the older of the sisters, not necessarily someone older than the person speaking. They are also used between two female friends without regard to relative age."cfπ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·
ππ»ππ°ππ»thee-DAH-zhee1put out a fire with the hands2put out a lightunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-ππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-π°ππ»unspec. var. ofππππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ»
ππ»ππ·ππ»Νthee-TEH-zheeβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππ°π·ππ»Νππ»ππ±ππ»Ν1sister (younger) (your)Quintero notes, "The sister designated by a 'younger sister' term need not be younger than the speaker, just younger than another sister."cfπ»ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ·ππ»Νππ»ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ·ππ»Ν
ππ»ππΝππ·thee-TOHβΏ-dseh1son-in-law (daughter's husband) (your)cfπ»ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝππ·ππ»ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝππ·
ππ»Νππ·πΌπ»theeβΏ-DSEH-gee1uncle (mother's brother) (your)cfπ»Νππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-*ππ·πΌπ»ππ»Νππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-*ππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-unspec. var. ofππ»-1*ππ·πΌπ»
ππ»ππ»πΌπthee-TSEE-goh1grandfather (your)2father-in-law (your)cfπ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πΌππ'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπ
ππ»ππ»ππ»thee-TSEE-mee1aunt (father's sister) (your)cfπ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»
ππ»ππ»ππ»thee-TSEE-nee1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (your)cfπ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ»ππ»Ν π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν4π°ππππ·ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»
ππ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·thee-tsee-OH-zhahβΏ-kehcont. var.ππ»ππππ°ΝπΌπ·1niece (brother's daughter, of a female) (your)cfπ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·
ππ»ππ»Νππthee-TSEEβΏ-doh1brother (older, of a female) (your)cfπ»ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»Νππππ»ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ
ππ»ππ»ππ·thee-DSEE-zeh1dust or clean (e.g., the house)2moveπ°πΏπ»Λ ππ»ππ»ππ·3remove4take awaycfππ°ππ»ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππ»ππthee-TSEE-zhoh1cousin (father's sister's daughter) (your)2niece (sister's daughter, of a male) (your)Quintero notes that this sense is "used only when speaking to a man."cfπ»ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππππ»ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ
ππ»ππππΌπ°thee-TSOH-shkah1nephew (wife's brother's son) (your)2nephew (sister's son, of a male) (your)3nephew (brother's son, of a female) (your)4cousin (father's sister's son) (your)5grandchild (your)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 36) that "use as 'grandchild' is unexpected."cfπ»ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππππΌπ°ππ»ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππππΌπ°
ππ»πππππ°thee-TSOH-shpah1grandchild (your)cfπ»πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2πππππ°ππ»πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1πππππ°
ππ»ππ°ππ·thee-THAH-dseh1father (your)2uncle (father's brother) (your)cfπ»Νππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ππ·
ππ»ππ°ππ·ππ»Νthee-THAH-dseh-zheeβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»Ν1uncle (father's brother) (your)cfπ»Νππ°ππ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»Νππ°ππ»ππ»Νπ»ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ππ·ππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ»ππ»ππΌπ»thee-THEE-sgee1collect or draw a number of things into one place2cause inanimate objects to be gathered togetherunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππΌπ»2unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3
ππ»ππ°πΌ'πthee-WAH-k'oh1wife (your)cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»πΉπΝπ»ππ°πΌ'πunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ°πΌβπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ°πΌβπ
ππ»ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νthee-WAH-k'oh-zheeβΏ1mother-in-law (your)cfπ»ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»Ν
ππ»ππ»thee-XEEunspec. var.ππππ»1wakeunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-*ππ»
ππ»ππthee-XOH1dragunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-ππππ·unspec. var. ofππ»ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππππ·
ππ»ππΝthee-XOHβΏ1break by handcfπΌπ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππΝππ°ΝππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν-ππΝππ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππΝunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-ππΝ
ππ»ππππ·thee-XOH-wehunspec. var.ππ»ππarch. var.ππ»πππ·ππ»ππππ·1drag along, as the raccoon does his tailunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-ππππ·
ππ»ππ»Ν2thee-ZHEEβΏ1stretch an open skin by pullingunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·thee-ZHEEβΏ-keh1son (your)2nephew (brother's son, of a male) (your)3nephew (sister's son, of a female) (your)cfπ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ΝπΌπ·
ππ»ππ»ππ°Νthee-ZHEE-dahβΏ1you too, or for your partFemalecfππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»3ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»3cont. var. ofππ»π·ππ»ππ°Ν
ππ»ππ»ππ·thee-ZHEE-dseh1break wind2fart (with a small noise, by letting the air out slowly)cfππ»π΄π»Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3ππ»ππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-
ππ»ππ»Νππ·thee-ZHEEβΏ-thehcont. var.ππ»ππ»Ν1ππ»ππ»Νπ·1brother (older, of a male) (your)cfπ»ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»Νππ·ππ»ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ·
ππ»ππΝπ°thee-ZHOHβΏ-ah1sister (older, of a female) (your)cfπ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπ°ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°
ππ»ππΝπΌπ·thee-ZHOHβΏ-keh1daughter (your)2niece (brother's daughter, of a male) (your)3niece (sister's daughter, of a female) (your)cfπ»ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ·
ππ»ππππ»thee-ZHOH-zhee1hurt or harm another physically2mistreat3harm another mentally, emotionally (e.g., by humiliating another or by dying)4cause another to suffer (purposely on the part of the agent)unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. var. ofππ-π°ππ»
πππΉπ°THOH-hahunspec. var.ππΝπΉπ°ππΝπΉπ°Νarch. var.πππΉπ°1almost2nearly3about (to) (implies that the event is likely to occur)cfππππΉπ°
ππΝππ°πΉπ°thohβΏ-BAH-haharch. var.ππΝππ°πΉπ°1in two places2apartunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ°πΉπ°2
ππΝππ°ππ°ΝthohβΏ-BAH-dahβΏarch. var.ππΝππ°ππ°Ν1two at a timeunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ°
ππΝππ°ππ°Ν π»ππ°ππ°ππ·thohβΏ-BAH-dahβΏ EE-dah-thah-beharch. var.ππΝππ°ππ°Ν π»ππ°ππ°ππ·1twinsunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ°ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»ππ°2-ππ·-ππ·unspec. comp. form of-π°ππ»ππ·3
ππππ°ΝTHOH-tahβΏunspec. var.ππππΝππππΝarch. var.ππππ°Ν21straight
ππππ°ππ·THOH-dah-theh1be friendly with2dwell in friendship with instead of trying to kill3regard as a friendunspec. comp. form of-ππ·
ππππ·THOH-xeharch. var.ππππ·21buffalo2a kind of bison, or buffalo with reddish-yellow hair, and long legs (the other buffaloes are dark)3Buffalo clancfππ·2
πππ°ππ·thΓΌ-AH-xeh1pull up, as a blanket, and uncover what is beneathcfπππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππ°ππ·thoo-AH-zeh1open (e.g., a door, a window, the lid on a box)cfπππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππ΄π°ππ·thΓΌ-BRAH-zeharch. var.πππππ°ππ·1tear, as clothing, by pulling2tear or break open by haulingunspec. comp. form ofππ-π΄π°ππ·
πππ΄π·ππ°Νππ°thΓΌ-BREH-zahβΏ-thah1make wither, and droop, past recovery, as vegetation, by pulling or holdingunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππ΄π»ΝthΓΌ-BREEβΏarch. var.πππππ»Ν1turn around in a circle, as an augerunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππΉπ°ππ»ΝthΓΌ-HAH-sheeβΏ1turn an object inside outcfπΉπ°ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππΉπ°ππ»thΓΌ-HAH-tsee1remove with his family to a short distanceunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππΌπ°ππ°ΝthΓΌ-KAH-mahβΏ1ring, as a bell, by pulling a ropeunspec. comp. form ofππ-πΌπ°ππ°Ν
πππΌππΌπ·thΓΌ-KOH-gehunspec. var.ππ»πΌππΌπ·arch. var.πππΌππΌπ·1be cramped2cramp3drawn up, cramped, as the muscles of the hand, foot, leg, or stomachTo refer to a specific body part being cramped, say the body part first, followed by the appropriate conjugation of this term.unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππΏπ°ππ°thΓΌ-LAH-thaharch. var.πππΌππ°ππ°1uncoil or straighten what is coiled2undo a string by pulling3undo a string by pulling it4unravel or unbraid with the hand5unbraid or unravel with the handunspec. comp. form ofππ-πΏπ°ππ°
πππΏπ°Νππ°thoo-LAHβΏ-thahthΓΌ-LAHβΏ-thaharch. var.πππΌππ°Νππ°1miss, as in trying to grasp any object2fail to grasp an object because it is too large3fail to grasp any object, because it is too large4drop an object because he has but a slight hold on itcfππ°πΏπ°Νππ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πΏπ°Νππ°ππ°πΏπ°Νππ°2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πΏπ°Νππ°ππ»πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-*πΏπ°Νππ°πππΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πΏπ°Νππ°
πππΏπ·ππ·thΓΌ-LEH-zeharch. var.ππ»πΌππ·ππ·πππΌππ·ππ·1make striped by drawing something over or across an object2draw stripesunspec. comp. form ofππ-πΏπ·ππ·
ππππ°Νππ»thoo-MAHβΏ-sheeunspec. var.ππππ°ππ»1pull up2hold up3raise4liftcfππ°ππ°Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°Νππ»
ππππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ»ππ·thΓΌ-PAH-mahβΏ-KEE-dseh1make one stoop or bow the head by pulling his hair, neck, or armunspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ·ππ·thoo-PEH-dseh1lighter2flashlight3matchesunspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ·ππ·
ππππ°πΌπ»thoo-SAH-gee1shock2stun3instill fear inunspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°πΌπ»
ππππ·thoo-SEH1cut (e.g., with scissors)cfπΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-*ππ·ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ·ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ·ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ·
ππππΌπ»ππ°thΓΌ-SGEE-dah1tie a pack or bundle very tightly, so as to make an indentationunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππππ·πΌπ·thΓΌ-STSEH-geh1make one gash or slit, as in the skin of the hand, or in clothing, with scissors, or by pulling against some sharp object, as a blade of grass which breaks in the handcfπΌπ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°πππ·πΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2ππ°πππ·πΌπ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππππ·πππ·πΌπ·thΓΌ-STSEH-stseh-geh1tear into shreds, as clothing, by pulling briers, etc., from it, or by pulling the garments themselves2cut into shreds with scissorsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfπΌπ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°πππ·πππ·πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππΌπ°Νthoo-SHKAHβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππΌπ°Ν1start (e.g., a car motor)2place in operationunspec. comp. form ofππ-ππΌπ°Ν
ππππΌπ»πΌπ·thΓΌ-SHGEE-gehunspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. var. ofππ»ππΌπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3
ππππΝthoo-SHOHβΏthΓΌ-SHOHβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππΝarch. var.ππππΝ1bend one's limb or body part (e.g., leg or arm)2dislocate by pulling out of place3dislocate by pullingunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππππ·thΓΌ-SHPEH1pull off a piece from the surface of an objectcfππ°πππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·ππ°πππ·3unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*πππ·πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·ππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*πππ·
πππππthΓΌ-SHPΓ1shell dried corn with the handcfππ°πππ1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°πππ2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2unspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππππ°thoo-SHDAH1make bald or bare2jerk someone's hair out3denudeunspec. comp. form ofππ-πππ°πΉπ°
πππππ°πΉπ°thoo-SHDAH-hah1ironcfππ°πππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πππ°πΉπ°πππππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-1πππ°πΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-πππ°πΉπ°
πππππ°πΌπ·thoo-SHDAH-geh1undress2relieve someone of clothingunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππππππ·thΓΌ-SHDOH-dsehthoo-SHDOH-dseharch. var.πππππππ·1pull off, as a garment2pull an object out of a hole, etc.cfππ°πππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ°THΓ-tah1birds of the pigeon genus, including doves2dove or pigeon known to the Osages
ππππ°Ν1thΓΌ-DAHβΏ1pull an object with the hands, etc.cfππ°ππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ»ππ°Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ»-3unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ°π'π·πΌπ°thΓΌ-DAH-ts'eh-gah1make grass, etc., wither by pulling or holdingunspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°π'π·πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-
ππππ°ππ°thΓΌ-TAH-thaharch. var.πππ'π°ππ°1pull open or apart2make a rope come unplaited by dragging itcfπΌπ°ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ°
ππππ°ππ»thoo-DAH-zheeunspec. var.ππ»ππ°ππ»ππππ°ππ·1turn off2switch off3extinguishcfππ»ππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-ππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ°-π°ππ»
πππ'π°πΌπ·thΓΌ-ts'AH-geh1unable to do, make, or complete anything, as for want of sufficient time2unable to lift or pull an object because it is too heavy3failunspec. comp. form ofππ-*π'π°πΌπ·
ππππ°ππ°thΓΌ-DSAH-pah1break, as cord, or a stick, by pulling with the handsunspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ°
ππππ·thΓΌ-DSEH1eat in small pieces, one by one, as marrow taken from a bonecfππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ°ππthoo-WAH-soounspec. var.ππππ°ππ»1clean up2cleanse3clean, disinfect (e.g., a buffalo hide)unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ· π°πππππ°πΌπ·THΓ-weh AH-thΓΌ-sdah-geh1girthThis refers to the girth on a saddle.unspec. comp. form ofππππ·π°πππππ°πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2ππ-
ππππ·ππ»π·THOO-weh-nee-eh1pneumoniadiaphragm hurtunspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ»π·2
ππππ°ππ°thΓΌ-XAH-wah1fold back from, as a sleeve or pants, with the handcfππ°ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ°ππ°
ππππ·1THOO-xehthoo-XEHTHΓ-xehthΓΌ-xehunspec. var.ππ»ππ·1pursue2chase3mate4take as a sexual partnerunspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ»ππ°thΓΌ-XEE-thah1pull a person, etc., to the ground, as when he has been standing2pull down a person, etc.: said of what touches the ground at one endcfπΌπ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ-ππ»ππ°1
ππππthΓΌ-XOH1draw2make marks on paper, etc.3make such marks as are made on arrows4make such marks as are on arrowsunspec. comp. form ofππ-
πππππ°ππ»Νthoo-XBAH-weeβΏ1lift off2remove, take down (e.g., from a shelf or the back of a truck)3unloadunspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ°ππ»thoo-ZAH-zhee1rejectnot takeThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-π°ππ»
ππππ·thoo-ZEHTHOO-zehTHΓ-zehunspec. var.ππππ»1take2receive3accept4select5choose6get7draw (water)8gather or pick (e.g., fruit)unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ°thoo-ZHAHunspec. var.ππππ°Νππππ°ππ°1wash2wash (e.g., dishes, parts of the body, food items, a car)This particular entry is considered the more accurate way to express this idea in modern Osage.unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππππ°ππ·thΓΌ-ZHAH-behthoo-ZHAH-beh1peel, as a cooked potato, by pulling off the skin2peel off bark (not human or animal skin)cfππ°ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-2*ππ°ππ·ππ°ππ°ππ·2unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1*ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-*ππ°ππ·
πππππ·thΓΌ-ZHOH-eharch. var.ππππππ·1remove the skin or hull of any object by cutting with a knife (the knife being drawn toward the agent)2hull, as beans, hazelnuts, walnuts, etc., when greencfππ°ππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°-unspec. comp. form ofππ-
π
πππ·ππ°1ΓΌ-DSEH-tah1below2down from above3at the foot or bottomcfπππ·ππ°2unspec. comp. form ofπππ·ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπππ·ππ°4
πππ·ππ°2ΓΌ-DSEH-tah1Little Osagesthose who camped at the foot of the mountainDorsey notes about the term udseta that, "From this is derived the name of the "Little Osages," ΓtΝsΝehta, Those who camped at the foot of the mountain." This term is also the name of a dialect of Osage.cfπππ·ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπππ·ππ°4unspec. comp. form ofπππ·ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπππ·ππ°4
π
ππ°π΄π°ΝπΏπ»Νwah-BRAHβΏ-leeβΏ1perfumeunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3π΄π°Νππ°πΏπ»Ν
ππ°πΉπ°Ν πΌπ°ππ·wah-HAHβΏ GAH-xeh1yarn work (as product or activity)yarn makingunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°ππ·1
ππ°πΌ'π π»ππ°wah-k'OH EE-tah1wife (his/her)cfππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβππ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
ππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°wah-k'OH THEE-tah1wife (your)cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»πΉπΝππ°πΌ'π π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβππ»ππ°1ππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°wah-k'OH WEE-tah1wife (my)cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»πΉπΝππ°πΌ'π π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβππ»ππ°1ππ°πΌ'π ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ°πΌ'πππ°wah-k'OH-pah1daughter (first) (my)2eldest daughtercfπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°π°ππ»ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°Ν2ππ»πΉπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπ
ππ°πΌ'πππ° ππ»ππ°wah-k'OH-pah THEE-tah1daughter (first) (your)cfππ»πΉπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπ·ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ°πΌ'πππ°Νwah-k'OH-tahβΏ1daughter (first) (my)2daughter (eldest) (my)3daughter (first) (your)4daughter (eldest) (your)5daughter (first) (his/her)6daughter (eldest) (his/her)cfπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°π°ππ»ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'πππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»πΉπ·ππ»πΉπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπ·ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°Ν2
ππ°πΌπΝππ° π»π· πππ°πΌπ·wah-KOHβΏ-dah EE-eh oh-THAH-geh1preachertell's God's wordunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ°π»π·πππ°πΌπ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°πΌπΝππ° π»ππ»ΝπΌπ·wah-KOHβΏ-dah ee-ZHEEβΏ-keh1Jesus ChristGod - his sonunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ°π»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ΝπΌπ·
ππ°πΌπΝππ° π»ππ»ΝπΌπ· π»πΉπΝwah-KOHβΏ-dah ee-ZHEEβΏ-keh ee-HOHβΏ1mother of Jesus, MaryGod's son's motherunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ° π»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ°π»ππ»ΝπΌπ·π»πΉπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπΝ
ππ°πΌπΝππ° ππ°Νππ°Νwah-KOHβΏ-dah MAHβΏ-zhahβΏ1heavencfππ°Νππ°Ν ππ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°Νππ°πΏπ»Νππ°ππ°Νππ· ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°Νππ·ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ°ππ°Νππ°Ν
ππ°πΌπΝππ°ππ»wah-KOHβΏ-dah-tsee1church2house of Godunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ°ππ»1
ππ°πΌπΝππ·wah-GOHβΏ-zeh1teach (in general)intransitive verb2teachernoun3ministernoununspec. comp. form ofππ°-3πΌπΝππ·1
ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νwah-k'OH-zheeβΏ1little woman2little old woman3elderly woman4crone5mother-in-law (my)unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°ΝπΌπΝππ»ΝwahβΏ-KOHβΏ-zheeβΏunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌππ»ππ»Νππ°ΝπΌπππ»Ν1right away2immediatelyunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΌπΝππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν π»ππ°wah-k'OH-zheeβΏ EE-tah1mother-in-law (his/her)cfπ»ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»Νπ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°
ππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν ππ»ππ°wah-k'OH-zheeβΏ THEE-tah1mother-in-law (your)cfππ»ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νπ»ππ°1ππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν ππ»ππ°wah-k'OH-zheeβΏ WEE-tah1mother-in-law (my)cfππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν π»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νπ»ππ°1ππ°πΌ'πππ»Ν ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ»Νππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ°πΏπ»2wah-LEEarch. var.ππ°πππ»1stingy2uncharitable3unwilling to give4selfish5undue value placed upon certain property
ππ°πΏπ»ΝWAH-leeβΏunspec. var.ππ°πΏπ»11very2very much3greatly4indeed5really6extremely7so very8a great deal9a lot10so very much (used also in expressions with 'too much')
ππ°πΏπππΌπ°wah-LOO-shgahwah-LΓ-shgah1bug2insect3insects4worm5vermin6joker (in a deck of cards)
ππ°πΏπππΌπ° πΉπ»Ν ππΌπππ·wah-LOO-shgah heeβΏ SHGOH-behwah-LΓ-shgah heeβΏ SHGOH-beh1caterpillarinsect with thick hairunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΏπππΌπ°πΉπ»Ν2ππΌπππ·
ππ°πΏπππΌπ° ππ°ππ·wah-LOO-shgah SAH-behwah-LΓ-shgah SAH-beh1cricketblack insectunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΏπππΌπ°ππ°ππ·
ππ°ππ°Νππ·wah-NAHβΏ-xehWAH-nahβΏ-xehwah-NAH-xeh1spirit2holy spirit3ghost4soulunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°Νππ·2
ππ°ππ°Νππ· ππ°Νππ°Νwah-NAHβΏ-xeh MAHβΏ-zhahβΏwah-NAH-xeh MAHβΏ-zhahβΏ1spirit landcfππ°Νππ°Ν ππ°πΏπ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ°Νππ°πΏπ»Νππ°πΌπΝππ° ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπΝππ°ππ°Νππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°Νππ·2ππ°Νππ°Ν
ππ°ππΝπ΄π·wah-NOHβΏ-breharch. var.ππ°ππΝπππ·1eatintransitive verb2eat a mealintransitive verb3eat, in generalintransitive verb4to have eatenintransitive verb5dineintransitive verb6mealnoun7breakfast, dinner, or suppernoun8dinnernoun9supper (meal served at noon or in the evening)noun10nourishmentnoun11foodnoun12peyotenoununspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΝπ΄π·
ππ°ππΝπ΄π·ππ»wah-NOHβΏ-breh-NEE1peyote teaunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππΝπ΄π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΝπ΄π·ππ»1
ππ°ππΝπ΄π·ππ»wah-NOHβΏ-breh-TSEE1restaurant2cafeeating houseunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππΝπ΄π·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΝπ΄π·ππ»1
ππ°ππΝπ'π»Νwah-NOHβΏ-p'eeβΏunspec. var.ππ°ππΝπ'π·ππ°ππΝπππ»Ν1necklace2gorget3choker4medallion5medal (part of Osage dance clothing)something worn around the neckunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΝπ'π»Ν
ππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°WAH-bah NEE-kah1Delaware (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°
ππ°ππ°πΏπ·ππ·wah-BAH-leh-zeh1writing (in general)unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°πΏπ·ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1πΏπ·ππ·
ππ°ππ·WAH-beh1a month of the summer or doge season, answering, perhaps, to Aprildigging or farmingThis word contains a word that does not exist in modern Osage (perhaps older Osage had this term). That term is the Ponca/Omaha 'e (to dig). While modern Osage does not specifically have this term (Osage uses k'e), that term still exists in the construction of this entry. The full breakdown of this term therefore is wa + e + be which becomes wΓ‘be.cfπΉπππ·πΉπΏπ°ππ· ππππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3-ππ·unspec. comp. form of-π°ππ»ππ·3
ππ°ππ°ππ·wah-SAH-beh1black bear2bearTechnically this term is used for the black bear, however it can be used for a generic term for bear.unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ·
ππ°ππΌπ°wah-SGAH1white, as an inanimate object nearbyunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΌπ°1
ππ°ππΌπ°πΉπ°wah-SGAH-hah1white all over or all alongunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΌπ°1
ππ°πππ·WAH-speh1motionless2still3quietThis adjective is not conjugated/inflected, but instead is used with stand-alone "to be" verbs such as bthiβΏ, niβΏ, etc., and/or continuative aspect terms such as miβΏkshe, niβΏkshe, etc. Note that different adjectives may use these terms in different ways.
ππ°πππΉπwah-SOO-hoounspec. var.ππ°πππΉπ»1clean2clean(ly)3clear(ly)4pureDorsey notes that this term is "said of inanimate objects."
ππ°ππΌπ°Νwah-SHKAHβΏ1try hardintransitive verb2do one's bestintransitive verb3make an effortintransitive verb4struggleintransitive verb5strengthnoun6mightnoun7forcenoun8powernoun
ππ°ππ°wah-DAH1prayverb2pray for someone or somethingverb3ask a favorverb4request somethingverb5solicit, petition, or beg for something from someoneverb6grace (said at mealtime)noun7prayer of any kindnoununspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°3
ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°wah-TAHβΏ-kah1great ones or principalscfπΌπ°πΉπ»πΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ°ππ°ππ°Νππ°Νwah-DAH-xahβΏ-xahβΏ1lightning bugunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°-
ππ°ππ°πππ·wah-DAH-zhoh-ehunspec. var.ππ°ππ°ππππ·1hominy2hominy (any kind, cracked or not)cfπππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°-
ππ°πππ°Νwah-TXAHβΏWAH-txahβΏunspec. var.ππ°πΌππ°Νππ°ππΌππ°Ν1pumpkin2squash (the vegetable)
ππ°πβπ·πΌπ·wah-ts'EH-gahunspec. var.ππ°π'π·1gentle2docile3tame4not wild5not difficult6easy to do7tenderQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 224) that, "'Tender' only as describing materials, not as a personality trait."
ππ°ππ·1WAH-tsehwah-TSEH1dress or skirt2skirt with ribbon work or other decorationsunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3
ππ°ππ·πΌπ°wah-TSEH-gah1treasure2valuable or special things3things a person has put away as special4keepsakes5new thingsunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ·πΌπ°
ππ°π'π·ππ·wah-ts'EH-theh1one who killed another, as in battleunspec. comp. form ofππ°-4π'π·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ'π·-ππ·
ππ°ππ·ππ»wah-TSEH-xee1difficult2hard3challenging4not easy to do5preciousunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ·ππ»
ππ°ππ»πππ²wah-DSEE-pxahβΏ-eeunspec. var.ππ°ππ»πππ°ππ°ππ»πππ°Νππ°ππ»πππ±1crier2town crier3announcer4crier at iloβΏshka dances
ππ°πππ·wah-DSOO-eharch. var.ππ°ππππ·1bread2wheat bread3any kind of bread whether corn or wheat, in any shape or size4piece of bread of any kind5any kind of flour or grain (such as wheat, oats)something bakedThis variant form is used more often than its full form.unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππππ·
ππ°πππ· π΄π·πΌπ°wah-DSOO-eh BREH-kah1pancake/pancakesunspec. comp. form ofππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππππ·π΄π·πΌπ°
ππ°πππ· πππ΄π°ππΌπ°bread made flat1dumplings made of wheat flour or corn flourunspec. comp. form ofππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππππ·
ππ°ππππ·wah-DSΓ-dsehsomething bakedunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππππ·arch. var. ofππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ»wah-THAH-nee1Tonkawa (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ·ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ°ππ°ππ·wah-THAH-tseh1eating of certain kinds of foodunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ°ππ°wah-THAH-wah1numbernoun2countintransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°ππ°ππ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°wah-THAH-wah TAHβΏ-kah1millionunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°ππ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ°ππΝwah-THOHβΏarch. var.ππ°ππΝ1singintransitive verb2songnoununspec. comp. form ofππ°-3
ππ°ππ°πΌπ°wah-XAH-gah1any plant that has prickly spines, like the sand bur, cactus, cocklebur, prickly-ashunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππ°πΌπ°
ππ°ππππ·wah-XOH-behWAH-xoh-behunspec. var.ππ°ππππ»1medicine bundle2sacred object3things consecrated or honoredunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππππ·
ππ°ππ°ππ°wah-ZHAH-wah1have a pleasant time at a feast or at a danceintransitive verb2revelrynoun
ππ°ππ°ππ·wah-ZHAH-zhehunspec. var.ππ°ππ°ππ»1Osage (tribe, tribal member, or language)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°πππΏπ°
ππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°wah-ZEEβΏ-kah1birdThis term is sometimes shortened to wazhiβΏ when used in the construction of bird terms.unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππ°wah-ZHEEβΏ-kah pah1beak or bill of a birdunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°1
ππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°π»π·wah-ZHEEβΏ-kah-EE-eh1parrot, macaw (any bird that can be taught to "speak")unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°π»π·
ππ°ππ»Νππ°Νwah-ZHEEβΏ-tahβΏ1hawklarge birdcfπΉπ·πΌπ°πΏπ·ππΝπππΌπ° πππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπππΌπ°πππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ°Ν2
ππ°ππ»Νπππ·wah-ZHEEβΏ-zhoo-eh1cardinal (the bird)red birdunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°πππ·unspec. var. ofππππ·
ππ°πππΏπ°wah-ZHOH-lahunspec. var.ππ°πππΏπ·1Oto (tribe or tribal member)cfπ²ππ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1πΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ππ»ΝπΏπ·ππ·πΌπ°ππ·1πΉπ»Νππ°πΉπππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ1ππ°ΝπΌπ°πΌπ°Νππ·ππππΌππΌπ·ππ° πππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°1πππΌπ°1ππ°ππ»Νππ°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°3ππππ·ππΝπΌπ°ππ°πΌπ» πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ°πΌπ»ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌπ»ππ»Ν 7ππ°πΉπ°Νππ°πΌπ·2ππ°πΏπ°πΌπ»ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ»Νππ»πΌπ°ππ·ππ»ππππ°ππ° ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΌπ°ππ°ππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°ππ·
ππ·πΏπ»WEH-lee1oil2lard3grease or similar substance (such as shoe polish)4gasoline5kerosenecfπΌππΌπππ° ππ·πΏπ»unspec. comp. form ofπΌππΌπππ°ππ·πΏπ»
ππ·πΏπ»ππ°πΌπ»WEH-lee-sah-GEE1tallowunspec. comp. form ofππ·πΏπ»ππ°πΌπ»
ππ·ππ°πππ·WEH-shah-psheh1bayonet2lance3spear4javelinunspec. comp. form ofππ·-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3π»-1ππ°πππ·
ππ»ΝweeβΏ1a2an3oneThe context for "one" here refers to the idea of "one" in a phrase like "We ought to buy one." If the speaker wants to express the actual number, wiβΏxtsi is used.4single5anyone
ππ»π·WEE-ehcont. var.ππ»1mepronoun2I (emphatic)pronoun3it is my turncfπ°ΝπΌπππ°π·2ππ»π·
ππ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°wee-HAHβΏ-kah1sister-in-law (wife's sister) (my)2sister-in-law (brother's wife, of a male) (my)cfπ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°ππ»πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*πΉπ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ»πΉπ·wee-HEH1daughter (second) (my)2daughter (second) (your)3daughter (second) (his/her)4daughter (second)cfπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°π°ππ»ππ»Νππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'πππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°πΌ'πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°Ν2
ππ»πΉπ· ππ»ππ°wee-HEH THEE-tah1daughter (second) (your)cfππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'πππ° ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌ'πππ°ππ»ππ°ππ°πΌ'πππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°πΌβπππ°Ν2unspec. comp. form ofππ»πΉπ·ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ»ΝπΌππ·WEEβΏ-ksheh1speak the truth2tell the truthFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
ππ»ππ»πΌπ°wee-NEE-kah1husband (my)cfπ»πΏπΝππ° π»ππ°ππ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ»πΏπΝππ°π»ππ°ππ·π»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌπ°ππ»ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌπ°
ππ»ππ»ππ»WEE-see-see1fleaThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»
ππ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νwee-SOHβΏ-eh-zheeβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππΝπ°ππ»Ν1brother (younger, of a female) (my)cfπ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπ·ππ»Νππ»ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ·ππ»Ν
ππ»ππΝπΌπ°wee-SOHβΏ-kah1brother (younger, of a male) (my)Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 250) notes that this term is "Also used by both men and women for a related or unrelated younger male."cfπ»ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπΌπ°ππ»ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ°
ππ»ππ»πΌ'π·wee-SHEE-k'eh1brother-in-law (husband's brother, of a female) (my)2brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a female) (my)Femalecfπ»ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πΌ'π·ππ»ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌ'π·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌ'π·
ππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νwee-SHEE-kxahβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππ»πΌππ°Ν1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (my)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (my)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (my)4sister-in-law (my)Femalecfπ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2ππ»πΌππ°Νππ»πΌππ°Νππ»ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1ππ»πΌππ°Ν
ππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νwee-SHGEE-dahβΏ1I too2I, for my partMalecfπ·ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofπ·2ππΌπ»ππ°Νππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»3ππΌπ»ππ°Νππ»ππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»cont. var. ofππ»π·ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»
ππ»ππ°WEE-tah1my2minecfπ»ππ°1unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°
ππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°wee-TAHβΏ-hah1uncle (father's sister's husband) (my)2brother-in-law (wife's brother) (my)3brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a male) (my)MaleQuintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ΝπΉπ°ππ»ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΉπ°
ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·wee-TAHβΏ-keh1sister (older) (my)2wife (my)Quintero notes that this sense is "used to refer to speaker's wife when they have no children and possibly to address her."FemaleMaleQuintero notes that this term is "loosely used mutually among unrelated younger and older female speakers to show respect."Quintero notes, "The 'older sister' terms designate the older of the sisters, not necessarily someone older than the person speaking. They are also used between two female friends without regard to relative age."cfπ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·
ππ»ππ·ππ»Νwee-TEH-zheeβΏunspec. var.ππ»ππ°π·ππ»Νππ»ππ±ππ»Ν1sister (younger) (my)Quintero notes, "The sister designated by a 'younger sister' term need not be younger than the speaker, just younger than another sister."cfπ»ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ·ππ»Νππ»ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ·ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ·ππ»Ν
ππ»ππΝππ·wee-TOHβΏ-dseh1son-in-law (daughter's husband) (my)cfπ»ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝππ·ππ»ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝππ·
ππ»Νππ·πΌπ»weeβΏ-DSEH-gee1uncle (mother's brother) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»Νππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Ν-*ππ·πΌπ»ππ»Νππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-*ππ·πΌπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-unspec. var. ofππ»-1*ππ·πΌπ»
ππ»ππ»πΌπwee-TSEE-goh1grandfather (my)2father-in-law (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πΌππ'π°πΌπ· ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ'π°πΌπ·ππ»ππ°ππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπ
ππ»ππ»πΌπ ππ»Νwee-TSEE-goh meeβΏ1grandfather suncfπ»πΌπ πΏπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΌππΏπΝ1ππ»ππ»πΌπ ππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΌπππ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπππ»Ν1
ππ»ππ»πΌπ ππ·ππ·wee-TSEE-goh PEH-tseh1grandfather firecfπ»πΌπ πΏπΝunspec. comp. form ofπ»πΌππΏπΝ1ππ»ππ»πΌπ ππ»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΌπππ»Ν1unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΌπunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πΌπππ·ππ·
ππ»ππ»ππ»wee-TSEE-mee1aunt (father's sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»
ππ»ππ»ππ»wee-TSEE-nee1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (my)cfπ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππ»ππ»Ν π°ππππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν4π°ππππ·ππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ»
ππ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·wee-tsee-OH-zhahβΏ-kehcont. var.ππ»ππππ°ΝπΌπ·1niece (brother's daughter, of a female) (my)cfπ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»πππ°ΝπΌπ·
ππ»ππ»Νππwee-TSEEβΏ-doh1brother (older, of a female) (my)cfπ»ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»Νππππ»ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ
ππ»ππ»ππwee-TSEE-zhoh1cousin (father's sister's daughter) (my)Quintero notes that "wihciΕΎo as 'cousin, my paternal aunt's daughter' is said by some to be used only by a female speaker."2niece (sister's daughter, of a male) (my)Quintero notes that this term is "used only when speaker is male."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ»ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ππππ»ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππunspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ππ
ππ»ππππΌπ°wee-TSOH-shkah1nephew (wife's brother's son) (my)2nephew (sister's son, of a male) (my)3nephew (brother's son, of a female) (my)4cousin (father's sister's son) (my)5grandchild (my)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 248) that, "Historically, 'grandchild' is an unexpected gloss (perhaps used used only by extension to one's grandniece or grandnephew: i.e., one's sibling's grandchild?)."cfπ»ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππππΌπ°ππ»ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππππΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππππΌπ°
ππ»πππππ°wee-TSOH-shpah1grandchild (my)cfπ»πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2πππππ°ππ»πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1πππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1πππππ°
ππ»Νπππ·WEEβΏ-xdsehunspec. comp. form ofππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»Νπππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-πππ»
ππ»Νπππ»WEEβΏ-xdseeunspec. var.ππ»Νπππ·1oneunspec. comp. form ofππ»Ν-πππ»
ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·wee-ZHEEβΏ-keh1son (my)2nephew (brother's son, of a male) (my)3nephew (sister's son, of a female) (my)cfπ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»ΝπΌπ·ππ»ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»ΝπΌπ·
ππ»ππ»ππ°Νwee-ZHEE-dahβΏ1I too2for my partFemalecfππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ»cont. var. ofππ»π·ππ»ππ°Ν
ππ»ππ»Νππ·wee-ZHEEβΏ-thehcont. var.ππ»ππ»Νππ»ππ»Νπ·1brother (older, of a male) (my)cfπ»ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππ»Νππ·ππ»ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ»Νππ·
ππ»ππΝπ°wee-ZHOHβΏ-ah1sister (older, of a female) (my)cfπ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπ°ππ»ππΝπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°ππ»ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππ°ΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπ°
ππ»ππΝπΌπ·wee-ZHOβΏ-keh1daughter (my)2niece (brother's daughter, of a male) (my)3niece (sister's daughter, of a female) (my)cfπ»ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofπ»-2*ππΝπΌπ·ππ»ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ·unspec. comp. form ofππ»-1*ππΝπΌπ·
π
ππ°πΌπ°XAH-gah1rough2rough, as the tongue3forked or pronged, as antlers4branching out, as the separate claws on a foot5bristling6rough in appearance
ππ°ππ°XAH-xahunspec. var.ππ°Νππ°Ν21ruffled2ruffly3having leaves or leaflike layers
ππ·ππ·XEH-xeh1roar or patter frequently2rustle repeatedlyThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ·2
ππ»ππ°1XEE-thah1fall2stumble3fall down4stumble and fall5euphemism for 'die'6pass away7topple (as a tree topples)
ππ»ππ»ππ°XEE-xee-thah1stumble repeatedly2go stumbling alongThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ°1
ππΝxohβΏarch. var.ππΝ1broken2break3broke, without money or penniless (a loan translation)cfπΏπ·πΌπ·
πππΌπ°1XOH-kah1sing dancing songsintransitive verb2singers and drummersnoun3all singers of dancing songsnoun
ππππ·XOH-beh1sacredadjective2consecratedadjective3holyadjective4supernatural powernoun5sanctitynouncfππ·ππ»
ππππ°ΝXOH-tahβΏ1small2little3fine (e.g., fine raindrops)cfππ»Νunspec. var. ofππ»ΝπΌπ°ππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππππ·XOH-dsehunspec. var.πππ·1ππππ·1gray2dull (color or finish)3faded4grayish like ashes5smoky
ππππ· ππ°ππ·XOH-dseh SHAH-beh1dark grayunspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ°ππ·1
ππΝππ·πΉπXOHβΏ-dseh-HOOXOHβΏ-dseh-HΓxohβΏ-DSEH-hooxohβΏ-DSEH-hΓΌ1cedar treeunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·1πΉπ1
ππΝππ·ππ»xohβΏ-DSEH-nee1cedar teaunspec. comp. form ofππΝππ·1ππ»1
ππππ·XOH-wehunspec. var.πππ·2ππππ»arch. var.ππππ·1roar, as the waves or a waterfallOnomatope2roar, as the wind or the waterfallOnomatope3the roar of falling waterOnomatope4roarOnomatope5the noise made by sand in an hourglass, or that of grain poured from a bagOnomatope6sighOnomatope7sough, as the wind in the treesOnomatope8rumbleOnomatope9growlOnomatope10resoundOnomatope11the sound made in tearing calicoOnomatope12the sound heard in sawing or in scraping wood by pushingOnomatope13the whizzing of a whirled stickOnomatope14noisenoun
πππΉπ°ππΌπ°xoo-HAH-sgah1white person2Caucasianunspec. comp. form ofπππΉπ°ππΌπ°1
ππππ°1XOO-thahXΓ-thahxΓΌ-THAHarch. var.ππ»ππ°21eaglecfπΉπ°ΝπΌπ° πΏπ·ππ·unspec. comp. form ofπΉπ°ΝπΌπ°πΏπ·ππ·ππ»ππ°2arch. var. ofππππ°1
ππππ° ππ° ππ°ΝxΓΌ-THAH PAH sahβΏ1bald eagleeagle with the whitish headunspec. comp. form ofππππ°1ππ°5ππ°Ν2unspec. var. ofππ°ΝπΉπ°Ν
πππππΏπ°ΝπΌπ·xoo-THOH-lahβΏ-kehxΓΌ-THOH-lahβΏ-keh1headdress made of entire eaglesunspec. comp. form ofππππ°1ππΏπ°ΝπΌπ·2
π
ππ°ππ»ZAH-neezah-NEE1alladjective2wholeadjective3allpronoun4every onepronoun5everyonepronoun6everybodypronoun
ππ» ππππ· π·πΌπΝzee ZHOO-dseh EH-gohβΏ1orangeyellow that is redlikeunspec. comp. form ofππ»ππππ·π·πΌπΝ
ππ»πΉπ»ZEE-hee1brown2yellowcfππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»
ππ»ππ»ZEE-zee1brownThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»
π
ππ°Ν1zhahβΏ1sleepintransitive verb2sleepnounThe idea here is "a sleep" as a way to express a day.3daynouncfππ»ΝπΉπ·
ππ°Ν2zhahβΏ1wood2tree3log4lumber5stick6pole7woods8forestSince this term is rather broad, Dorsey notes, "When they wish to distinguish between a tree and a log or wood, zhaβΏ thotaβΏle is used for the former, zhaβΏ for wood and zhaβΏ gaxoβΏ for a log." Each of these have their own entry.cfππ°Ν5
ππ°Ν π°ππ°Νππ»ΝZHAHβΏ AH-nahβΏ-zheeβΏunspec. var.ππ°Ν π°ππ°ππ»Ν1laddera wood to stand onunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2π°-2ππ°Νππ»Ν
ππ°Ν πΉπΏπ°ZHAHβΏ hlaharch. var.ππ°Ν πππ°1buds or blossoms of fruit treescfππ°Ν ππ°πππunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°πππunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΉπΏπ°
ππ°Ν π»Νππ»zhahβΏ EEβΏ-tsee1log houseunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2π»Νππ»unspec. comp. form ofπ»Νππ»1
ππ°Ν πΌπ°ΝZHAHβΏ kahβΏunspec. var.ππ°Ν πΌπΝarch. var.ππ°Ν πΌ'π°Ν1roots of any plant or tree2root or roots of a tree, bush, etc.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌπ°Ν
ππ°Ν πΌ'π°ΝZHAHβΏ k'ahβΏunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌ'π°Νarch. var. ofπΌπ°Νarch. var. ofππ°Ν πΌπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌπ°Ν
ππ°Ν πΌπ°ππ°ZHAHβΏ gah-XAH1limb of a tree2limbs, branches, boughsunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌπ°ππ°2
ππ°Ν πΌπ°ππ»ππ°zhahβΏ gah-XEE-thah1fell a treeThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌπ°ππ»ππ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππ»ππ°1
ππ°Ν πΌπ°ππΝZHAHβΏ gah-XOHβΏ1log2bridgeunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌπ°ππΝunspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°-ππΝ
ππ°Ν πΌπΝZHAHβΏ kohβΏunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌπΝunspec. var. ofπΌπ°Νunspec. var. ofππ°Ν πΌπ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌπ°Ν
ππ°Ν ππ»Νππ·zhahβΏ MEEβΏ-dseh1wooden bow2ordinary bowunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ»Νππ·
ππ°Ν πππZHAHβΏ oh-SΓarch. var.ππ°Ν πππ1heart of a treeunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πππ
ππ°Ν ππ°ππ· πΉπzhahβΏ SHAH-beh hoozhahβΏ SHAH-beh hΓΌ1redbud treedark wood treeunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°ππ·1πΉπ1
ππ°Ν ππ°πππZHAHβΏ tah-SHPΓ1buds or blossoms of ordinary treescfππ°Ν πΉπΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΉπΏπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°πππ
ππ°Ν ππ°ππ°ππ·ZHAHβΏ dah-DAH-zeh1mulberrycfππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°ππ°ππ·
ππ°Ν ππ°ππ°ππ· πΉπZHAHβΏ dah-DAH-ze hΓΌ1mulberry treecfππππ° πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππππ°πΉπ1unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°ππ°ππ·πΉπ1
ππ°Ν ππππ°ΝπΏπ·zhahβΏ thoh-TAHβΏ-leharch. var.ππ°Ν ππππ°ΝπΌππ·1tree2a tree that still stands3a tree, not a logupright treeunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππππ°Νπ°πΏπ·1unspec. comp. form ofπ°-2
ππ°Ν ππ°ππΝπ'π»ΝZHAHβΏ wah-NOHβΏ-p'eeβΏ1necklace of woodunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°ππΝπ'π»Νunspec. comp. form ofππ°-3ππΝπ'π»Ν
ππ°Ν ππ·ππ°ππ°zhahβΏ WEH-thah-wah1yardstickunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ·-unspec. comp. form ofππ°-3π»-1ππ°ππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°-1
ππ°Ν ππ·ππ°πππ·zhahβΏ WEH-zhah-psheh1spear or dart made entirely of wood, one end being burnt to a pointunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ·ππ°πππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ·-ππ°πππ·
ππ°Ν ππ·πΌπ°zhahβΏ XEH-gah1dry tree or woodunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ·πΌπ°
ππ°Ν ππππ· πΉπzhahβΏ XOH-dseh hΓΌarch. var.ππ°Ν ππππ· πΉπ1post oakQuercus stellatagray wood treeunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππππ·πΉπ1
ππ°Ν πππΉπ°zhahβΏ XΓ-hah1inner bark of a treecfππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΉπ°1unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πππΉπ°
ππ°ΝπΉπ°zhahβΏ-HAH1outer bark of a treecfππ°ΝπΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν5πΉπ°1ππ°Ν πππΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πππΉπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΉπ°1
ππ°ΝπΌππΌπ·ZHAHβΏ-koh-gehunspec. var.ππ°ΝπΌππ°ππ°ΝπΌππ·1boxnoun2wooden boxnoun3coffernoun4trunknoun5thousandadjectiveThis term is used to express "thousand" because historically, payments to the Osage tribe by the U.S. government were done with boxes containing $1,000 each.unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΌππΌπ·
ππ°ΝπΌππ·ZHAHβΏ-ksheh1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 2nd singular lying down subject2second-person of ksheDorsey notes that this term becomes zhaβΏkshi if the next word begins with a-.unspec. comp. form ofπΌππ·
ππ°ΝπΏπ°Νππ·zhahβΏ-LAHβΏ-theharch. var.ππ°ΝπΌππ°Νππ·1logbroad woodunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2πΏπ°Νππ·
ππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ°ZHAHβΏ-loo-shgaharch. var.ππ°ΝπΌππ·ππΌπ°ππΝπΌππ»ππΌπ°ππΝπΌππππΌπ°1horsefly
ππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ° ππ° πΏπ·ππ·ZHAHβΏ-loo-shgah pah LEH-zeharch. var.ππ°ΝπΌππ·ππΌπ° ππ° πΌππ·ππ·1horsefly with a striped headunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ°ππ°5πΏπ·ππ·
ππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ° ππ° πππΉπZHAHβΏ-loo-shgah pa TOH-hoharch. var.ππ°ΝπΌππ·ππΌπ° ππ° πππΉπππΝπΌππππΌπ° ππ° πππΉπ1horsefly with a green head2green-headed horseflyunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ°ππ°5πππΉπ
ππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ° ππ°ππ·ZHAHβΏ-loo-shgah SAH-beharch. var.ππΝπΌππ»ππΌπ° ππ°ππ·1black horseflyunspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ°ππ°ππ·
ππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°ZHAHβΏ-loo-shgah TAHβΏ-kaharch. var.ππ°ΝπΌππ·ππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°ππΝπΌππ»ππΌπ° ππΝπΌπ°ππΝπΌππππΌπ° ππΝπΌπ°1large horseflyDorsey lists this term as "the large horsefly," suggesting he is referring to a specific species rather than simply saying "large/big horsefly."unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ°Νππππ°ZHAHβΏ-boh-zaharch. var.ππ°Νππππ°1post or stake planted upright in the groundunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππππ°unspec. comp. form ofππ-
ππ°πππ·ZHAH-psheh1stabFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
ππ°Νππ°ZHAHβΏ-xahunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2unspec. var. ofππ°Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2
ππ°Νππ° ππππ·ZHAHβΏ-xah ZHΓ-dseh1red willowunspec. comp. form ofππ°Νππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππππ·
ππ°Νππ·ZHAHβΏ-xehunspec. var.ππ°Νππ°1stick2pole3baby boardunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2
ππ·πΌπ°zheh-GAH1upper part of the leg2hind legDorsey notes for this term that "sometimes the whole leg is meant."cfππ»ππ
ππ·πΌπ° πΌπ°Ν ππ°ΝπΌπ°zheh-GAH kahβΏ TAHβΏ-kah1muscle of the thigh, or hind legunspec. comp. form ofππ·πΌπ°πΌπ°Ν ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ°Νππ°ΝπΌπ°
ππ·πΏπ°ΝZHEH-lahβΏarch. var.ππ·πΌππ°Νππ·πΌππΝ1cook food by putting it on a fire, as watxaβΏ (pumpkin), etc.2heat, as stones on a fire, for a sweat-bath3cook food in a pan on top or inside a stove or oven4broil meatDorsey notes that "the object cooked is regarded as curvilinear."For this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
ππ»πΉπ»ZHEE-heeunspec. var.ππ»21brown2yellowish-red3reddish-yellowDorsey notes that this term is "the color of the robin's breast."cfππ»πΉπ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»ππ»ππ»unspec. comp. form ofππ»
ππ»ΝπΌπ°ZHEEβΏ-kahzheeβΏ-KAHunspec. var.ππ»Νcont. var.ππ»Νπ°1littleadjective2smalladjective3childnoun4childrennouncfππππ°Ν
ππ»ΝπΌπ° πππ°πΌπ»πΉπ°ΝzheeβΏ-KAH oh-WAH-kee-hahβΏunspec. var.ππ»ΝπΌπ° ππΌπ»πΉπ°Ν1grandchild (my)noun2grandchild (your)noun3grandchild (his/her)noun4grandchildnoun5descendentnoun6issuetransitive verb7bring forthtransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofππ»ΝπΌπ°
ππ»ππ°ΝZHEE-dahβΏ1too2for his partFemalecfππΌπ»ππ°Νunspec. comp. form ofππΌπ»
πππΌπ»πΏπ·ZHOH-gee-leh1be or go with his or her own2be with one's own peopleFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.unspec. comp. form ofπΌπ»πΌ-1πππΏπ·
ππΝπΌππππΌπ° ππΝπΌπ°ZHOβΏH-gthoo-shgah TOHβΏ-kahunspec. comp. form ofππΝπΌππππΌπ°arch. var. ofππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ°ππΝπΌπ°unspec. var. ofππ°ΝπΌπ°arch. var. ofππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ° ππ°ΝπΌπ°unspec. comp. form ofππ°ΝπΏπππΌπ°ππ°ΝπΌπ°
πππΏπ·ZHOH-leharch. var.πππΌππ·1with him, her, or ittransitive verb2be with him, etc.transitive verb3with (often glossed 'and' in English)post4marrytransitive verb5accompanytransitive verb6go withtransitive verb7come withtransitive verb8datetransitive verb9be in a courtship withtransitive verbbe withFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
ππππ°ZHOH-taharch. var.ππππ°1mulberrycfππ°Ν ππ°ππ°ππ·unspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν2ππ°ππ°ππ·
ππππ° πΉπZHOH-tah hΓΌarch. var.ππππ° πΉπ1mulberry treecfππ°Ν ππ°ππ°ππ· πΉπunspec. comp. form ofππ°Ν ππ°ππ°ππ·πΉπ1unspec. comp. form ofππππ°πΉπ1
ππππ°πΏπ·ZHOH-wah-leharch. var.ππππ°πΌππ·1be with folks2be or go with themFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.unspec. comp. form ofπππΏπ·ππ°-3
ππππ·ZHOO-dsehZHΓ-dsehunspec. var.ππ1πππ·1redadjective2scarletadjective3vermilionadjective4the red (ceremonial ritual term)noun
ππππ· ππ°ππ π·πΌπΝZHΓ-dseh bah-ZOH EH-gohβΏarch. var.ππππ· ππ°ππ π·πΌπΝ1bright red2scarlet, as in red blanketscfππ°ππ π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππ°ππ1π·πΌπΝunspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ°ππ1π·πΌπΝ
ππππ· ππ°ππ·ZHOO-dseh SAH-beh1purple2burgundycfπΉπ°ππunspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ°ππ·
ππππ· ππ°ππ·ZHΓ-dseh SHAH-beh1dark red2crimsonunspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ°ππ·1
ππππ· ππ»πΉπ»ZHOO-dseh ZHEE-heeZHΓ-dseh ZHEE-hee1pale redunspec. comp. form ofππππ·ππ»πΉπ»
ππππππ·ZHOO-zhoo-dsehZHΓ-zhΓΌ-dseh1red here and there, in spots or stripesThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofππππ·